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李玉琴黄新高鹏翔赵小博王慧蒋林树 《动物营养学报》2023,(1):311-322
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Bacillus amylolyticus on rumen dry matter digestibility, fermentation parameters and metabolites of dairy cows. Experiment 1: six dairy cows with permanent fistula and had the similar parity (2 to 3 fetuses), body weight [(662 ±57) kg], lactation days [(160 ± 22) d] and milk yield [(36.1 ±3.8) kg / d], were randomly divided into 3 groups with 2 cows per group. Using 3 ×3 Latin square design, each group was extra fed 0 (control group), 5 ×109 and 5 ×1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus, the trial period was 3 periods, 13 days for each period, including 10 days for the pre-trial period and 3 days for the trial period. At the beginning of the trial period, the rumen dry matter digestibility of cows was measured by nylon bag method. Experiment 2: thirty dairy cows with similar parity [(2.5 ±0.3) fetuses], initial body weight [(559.2 ± 7. 4) kg], milk yield [(35. 2 ± 1. 5) kg / d] and lactation days [(99 ± 22) d] were randomly divided into three groups with 10 cows in each group. Cows in the 3 groups were extra fed with 0 (control group), 5 ×109 and 5 ×1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus, respectively. The pre-trial period was 10 days and the trial period was 42 days. The rumen fluid was collected on the last day of the trial period, and the rumen fermentation parameters and metabolites were determined. The results showed as follows: compared with the control group, 1) supplementary feeding of 5 × 1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly improve the rumen dry matter digestibility of dairy cows at 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h (P <0.05), supplementary feeding of 5 ×109 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly improve the rumen dry matter digestibility of dairy cows at 36 and 48 h (P <0.05); 2) supplementary feeding of 5 ×109 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly increase the contents of isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid, total volatile fatty acid and microbial protein in the rumen of dairy cows (P < 0. 05), supplementary feeding of 5 × 1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly increase the contents of isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid in the rumen of dairy cows and significantly reduce the rumen acetic acid / propionic acid (P < 0. 05), supplementary feeding of 5 ×109 and 5 ×1010 Bacillus amylolyticus had no effects on rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen content (P >0.05); 3) eleven metabolic pathways related to differential metabolites were detected, and ascorbic acid and alginate metabolism were significantly enriched (P < 0. 05) . In conclusion, Bacillus amylolyticus can increase the rumen dry matter digestibility, and improve the rumen fermentation function of dairy cows by affecting the content of rumen metabolites. By comprehensive analysis, supplementary feeding of 5 × 109 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus can achieve better effect. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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柑橘(Citrus reticulata Blanco)是世界第一大类水果,每年有大量的柑橘加工副产品产生,这些副产品中含有丰富的黄酮类等化合物,具有抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化、增强免疫、调节脂质代谢及保护肠道健康等多种活性功能,在促进动物健康、提高畜产品品质方面具有极大的潜在价值,在动物生产中拥有广阔的应用前景。本文总结了柑橘黄酮的提取方法、功能活性机制及柑橘提取物在动物生产中的应用,以期为柑橘黄酮及柑橘提取物在畜牧生产上的开发与应用提供参考。 相似文献
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大豆异黄酮是广泛存在于豆科植物中的一种多酚类化合物,具有抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、调节肠道菌群结构等多种生物活性,但其生物利用率有限,活性物质的作用机制尚未明确。目前,对于大豆异黄酮的代谢研究主要集中在肝脏代谢,而忽略了肠道微生物与大豆异黄酮的相互作用,最新研究表明,肠道微生物能对大豆异黄酮的化学结构进行生物转化,生成雌马酚等代谢产物进而发挥生物活性;同时,其代谢产物又可反向调节肠道的微生物组成与免疫机能,这为研究大豆异黄酮的代谢与肠道保护机制提供了新的思路。本文阐述了大豆异黄酮在动物体内的代谢过程及其对动物肠道的保护机制,为深入研究大豆异黄酮在动物体内的代谢特征及活性作用机制提供科学参考。 相似文献
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【目的】探究苜蓿总黄酮对奶牛体外瘤胃发酵和底物干物质降解率的影响。【方法】采用体外产气法,通过一种苜蓿总黄酮不同梯度对瘤胃发酵和底物干物质降解率的影响确定适宜的添加剂量,分别将6种不同品种苜蓿总黄酮（S1～S6）按适宜剂量添加至0.5 g TMR中,加入75 mL的微生物培养液,置于恒温培养箱（39℃）中培养24 h,并记录0、2、4、6、9、12、24 h时间点的产气量。发酵结束后,测定发酵液中pH、NH3-N、VFA、氧化还原电位以及底物干物质降解率。【结果】不同比例苜蓿总黄酮的发酵液中,在24 h时产气量,0.4%、0.6%和0.8%组的产气量显著大于1%、1.2%组和对照组（P<0.05）;氧化还原电位在0.8%组时,显著大于其他组（P<0.05）;TVFA在0.8%组时,显著大于其他实验组和对照组（P<0.05）;乙酸在0.8%组时,显著大于其他试验组和对照组（P<0.05）。2）不同品种苜蓿总黄酮发酵液中,24 h时的产气量与降解率无显著差异（P>0.05）;对照组中的NH3-N显著高于试验组（P<0.05）;S6、S5、S3组中的还原电... 相似文献
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目的 探讨复杂闭合Pilon骨折分期手术治疗的临床效果.方法 我院2006年3月～2011年7月共治疗复杂闭合Pilon骨折34例,分期行手术骨折复位固定治疗.结果 术后随访11～46个月,平均29.6个月,骨折均在3.5～6个月临床愈合.按照美国骨科协会足踝外科分会(American Orthopedic Foot Ankle Society,AOFAS)评分系统进行疗效评定.评定结果优15例,良13例,可4例,差2例,优良率为82.35％.结论 复杂闭合Pilon骨折行分期手术骨折复位固定治疗,可减少伤口感染等并发症的发生,是一种治疗复杂闭合Pilon骨折有效的方法. 相似文献
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乳酸在奶牛体内的代谢途径及其对奶牛健康影响的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
乳酸（lactic acid）是奶牛瘤胃内重要的中间代谢产物，合理的调节乳酸代谢特征、充分利用及发挥乳酸的有益功能对奶牛健康生产具有重要意义。文章介绍了乳酸的合成途径及主要产酸菌、乳酸的代谢途径及主要利用菌、乳酸在奶牛瘤胃内的代谢方式及影响其代谢的因素，详细阐述了乳酸产生菌与利用菌对乳酸代谢调节的影响，同时介绍了植物提取物对乳酸代谢调节作用及乳酸代谢调节对奶牛胃肠道菌群、泌乳性能和乳房炎的影响。为进一步了解乳酸对奶牛健康的作用机制及相关植物活性物质在生产实践中的应用提供理论依据，为解决高精料饲粮引起的奶牛酸中毒的预防与治疗提供新思路。 相似文献
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<正> 枣在我省占有特殊的经济地位,尤其是金丝小枣,栽培面积广,产量高,品质好,效益大,是我省的大宗出口产品。但由于大部分散经营,低产园面积占很大比重,仅沧州地区低产园面积就达15万亩,而且低产与高产相差悬殊。为加速改造低产园,我们在1986～1987年进行了试验,取得了较好效果。基本情况试验在南皮县常庄乡进行。试材为16—20年生金丝小枣,株行距为3 米×7米。枣园耕层土壤全氮0.045％,碱解氮42.7ppM,速效磷2 ppM,速效钾127.5ppM。针对缺氮贫磷的情况,增施氮磷肥。此外对试验区枣树普遍推行以下几方面的措施: 相似文献