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李玉琴黄新高鹏翔赵小博王慧蒋林树 《动物营养学报》2023,(1):311-322
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Bacillus amylolyticus on rumen dry matter digestibility, fermentation parameters and metabolites of dairy cows. Experiment 1: six dairy cows with permanent fistula and had the similar parity (2 to 3 fetuses), body weight [(662 ±57) kg], lactation days [(160 ± 22) d] and milk yield [(36.1 ±3.8) kg / d], were randomly divided into 3 groups with 2 cows per group. Using 3 ×3 Latin square design, each group was extra fed 0 (control group), 5 ×109 and 5 ×1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus, the trial period was 3 periods, 13 days for each period, including 10 days for the pre-trial period and 3 days for the trial period. At the beginning of the trial period, the rumen dry matter digestibility of cows was measured by nylon bag method. Experiment 2: thirty dairy cows with similar parity [(2.5 ±0.3) fetuses], initial body weight [(559.2 ± 7. 4) kg], milk yield [(35. 2 ± 1. 5) kg / d] and lactation days [(99 ± 22) d] were randomly divided into three groups with 10 cows in each group. Cows in the 3 groups were extra fed with 0 (control group), 5 ×109 and 5 ×1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus, respectively. The pre-trial period was 10 days and the trial period was 42 days. The rumen fluid was collected on the last day of the trial period, and the rumen fermentation parameters and metabolites were determined. The results showed as follows: compared with the control group, 1) supplementary feeding of 5 × 1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly improve the rumen dry matter digestibility of dairy cows at 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h (P <0.05), supplementary feeding of 5 ×109 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly improve the rumen dry matter digestibility of dairy cows at 36 and 48 h (P <0.05); 2) supplementary feeding of 5 ×109 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly increase the contents of isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid, total volatile fatty acid and microbial protein in the rumen of dairy cows (P < 0. 05), supplementary feeding of 5 × 1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly increase the contents of isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid in the rumen of dairy cows and significantly reduce the rumen acetic acid / propionic acid (P < 0. 05), supplementary feeding of 5 ×109 and 5 ×1010 Bacillus amylolyticus had no effects on rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen content (P >0.05); 3) eleven metabolic pathways related to differential metabolites were detected, and ascorbic acid and alginate metabolism were significantly enriched (P < 0. 05) . In conclusion, Bacillus amylolyticus can increase the rumen dry matter digestibility, and improve the rumen fermentation function of dairy cows by affecting the content of rumen metabolites. By comprehensive analysis, supplementary feeding of 5 × 109 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus can achieve better effect. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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赵小博余诗强黄新蒋林树 《动物营养学报》2023,(1):99-109
天然植物中的功能组分具有抗炎、抗氧化、提高机体免疫力等生物学功能,其机理主要是通过影响生物网络中的潜在靶点进而影响机体的生命活动。鉴于天然植物功能组分的结构复杂性与功能多样性,相关的研究主要集中在组分鉴别、代谢机理及生物功能等方面,而关于功能组分-生物学功能-作用靶点关系的研究甚少。本文综述了功能组分-生物学功能-作用靶点关系网络的研究现状、在饲料营养研究领域的应用、面临的挑战以及未来展望,以期为饲用天然植物功能组分的研究提供理论支撑。 相似文献
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旨在通过数据分析不同泌乳阶段和体细胞水平的中国荷斯坦奶牛泌乳性能差异、相关性和变化规律，为不同泌乳阶段奶牛的饲养管理、控制乳体细胞数(SCC)及改善乳品质提供理论依据。本研究基于北京14家奶牛场，选取健康正常泌乳生产的奶牛，共得到285 045条生产性能测定报告(dairy herd improvement, DHI),按0～99 d、100～199 d、200～299 d和300 d以上(含300 d)分为4个泌乳阶段，按低SCC组(0～20万个·mL-1)、中SCC组(20～50万个·mL-1)、高SCC组(50万个·mL-1以上)分为3个水平，将原数据经过预处理后获得251 949条DHI报告，采用Duncan多重比较和Pearson相关性分析等方法进行分析。结果表明：1)不同泌乳阶段奶牛的产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、脂蛋比、乳糖率、尿素氮(MUN)和SCC存在显著性差异(P<0.01),不同泌乳阶段奶牛产奶量与乳脂率、乳蛋白率、SCC均呈显著负相关，与乳糖率均呈显著正相关，乳脂率与乳蛋白率呈显著正相关(P&l... 相似文献
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