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不同饲养水平下蛋白质与氨基酸在阉牛小肠内消化率的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选择6头体重500～600kg ,安装有瘤胃、十二指肠前端和回肠末端瘘管的阉牛 ,分3期饲喂以玉米、棉籽饼和氨化稻草为基础原料配合的3种不同饲养水平的日粮 ,测定十二指肠、回肠和粪便中的粗蛋白质和各种必需氨基酸流量 ,计算粗蛋白质、真蛋白、总必需氨基酸、总非必需氨基酸和各种必需氨基酸在小肠内的表观消化率。结果显示 :随着饲养水平的下降 ,粗蛋白质、真蛋白、总必需氨基酸、总非必需氨基酸和亮氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸、缬氨酸、胱氨酸的小肠表观消化率逐渐降低(P<0.05)。在每种饲养水平下 ,真蛋白的小肠表观消化率均大于粗蛋白质 (P<0.05) ;各种必需氨基酸的小肠表观消化率均有差异 ,精氨酸和亮氨酸的小肠消化率通常比真蛋白高 ,色氨酸和苏氨酸的小肠消化率比真蛋白低 ,但各种必需氨基酸的小肠表观消化率并没有一致的大小顺序。与日粮相比 ,十二指肠中的必需氨基酸组成发生了较大的变化 ;与回肠流量相比 ,粪便中的必需氨基酸排泄量也发生了较大的变化。 相似文献
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评价了日粮调控([Merino×Border Leicester]×Poll Dorset)二杂去势羔羊肌肉ω-3长链脂肪酸对熟羊肉风味的影响.)与饲喂以苜蓿干草和燕麦壳的为基础的日粮相比,日粮添加鱼粉(FM,试验1)和鱼油(FO,试验2)分别使羔羊肌肉ω-3长链脂肪酸含量适度和显著增加.保护油菜籽(PCS),试验1)显著增加了Longissimus肌肉的ω-6长链脂肪酸含量.2个试验中,羔羊均在饲喂试验日粮6周后于商业屠宰场屠宰.宰杀后24 h,将半腱肌和股二头肌从动物体分离并保存在-20℃,供评味员评价风味之用.肌肉样品保存3个月(试验1)和12月(试验2)后取出,解冻并烹熟后评价风味.肉样在对流式微波炉的标准化条件下烹调,温度180℃(20～25 min),内部温度达到75℃.烹调好的样品用来测定味道,香味,嫩度和总体口感.与基础日粮相比,FM(试验1和2)和FO组(试验2)肌肉ω-3长链脂肪酸或PCS组(试验1)ω-6长链脂肪酸含量显著增加对熟羊肉的评味员风味评价或香味没有有害影响.但是,FM处理(试验1)的羊肉嫩度和FO处理(试验2)的总体口感下降.保护葵花籽粕蛋白加FO处理(试验2)显著降低了香味、嫩度和总体口感的级别.羊肉ω-3长链脂肪酸水平增加后不会熟羊肉风味发生变化. 相似文献
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Orchiectomy was performed in a 37-year-old Hungarian man exhibiting a swelling in his right testicle. Histology revealed a nodule attached to the spermatic cord, consisting of a granulomatous tissue around sections of a nematode. The worm was identified as Dirofilaria repens, an uncommon parasite in Hungary. As the patient had been abroad only in Italy where cases of dirofilariosis in dogs and humans are relatively frequent, it is assumed that the infection might have been acquired in that country 5 years earlier. This is the fifth case, published so far in the world, of such a localization in a human. The human cases of dirofilariosis reported in Hungary are reviewed. 相似文献
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Cryptosporidia, widely distributed protozoan parasites of vertebrates have recently attracted increasing interest due to several serious waterborne outbreaks, the life-threatening nature of infection in immunocompromised patients, and the realization of economic losses caused by these pathogens in livestock. Genetic polymorphism within Cryptosporidium spp. is being detected at a continuously growing rate, owing to the widespread use of modern molecular techniques. The aim of this paper is to review the current status of taxonomy, genotyping, molecular phylogeny, and characterization of cryptosporidia, and to highlight the need for polyphasic typing, i.e. an integrated approach comprising standardized morphologic, biologic, and molecular methods for describing Cryptosporidium species and isolates, and for establishing "virtual" reference strains. 相似文献
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The morphology of Onchocerca lupi, responsible for canine ocular onchocercosis, is unique within the genus. Earlier analyses of the 5S ribosomal RNA gene spacer region sequence of the parasite and the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence of its Wolbachia endosymbiotic bacteria (Rickettsiales) supported the morphological and biological arguments that O. lupi is a distinct species. However, the exact phylogenetic position of O. lupi and its endosymbiont could not be unambiguously determined. Herein we report analyses based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene of the filarial species and the Wolbachia surface protein (wsp) and the bacterial cell-cycle ftsZ genes of their wolbachiae. Our results indicate that O. lupi separated from other Onchocerca spp. early in evolution. This is in line with the previous morphological analysis demonstrating that O. lupi is an atypical Onchocerca species showing both primitive and evolved characters. The phylogenetic trees generated for the COI sequences of filariae and the wsp and ftsZ sequences of their wolbachiae were congruent with each other, which supports the hypothesis that nematodes and their Wolbachia endobacteria share a long co-evolutionary history. 相似文献
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Makrai L Fodor L Csivincsik A Varga J Senoner Z Szabó B 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2000,48(3):253-259
The cultural, morphological, biochemical, serological characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility of 25 Rhodococcus equi strains isolated from lungs and lung abscesses of pneumonic foals and 5 R. equi strains isolated from immuno-compromised human patients were examined. All R. equi strains showed common cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics both with conventional tests and on the basis of their enzyme profile. The R. equi strains examined were resistant to penicillins with the exception of ampicillin, to sulphamethazine and several strains also to sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim. All strains were susceptible to erythromycin and rifampicin. The strains isolated from humans showed somewhat higher rate of antibiotic resistance to penicillin, cefotaxime, kanamycin, streptomycin, lincomycin, and oxytetracycline. The overwhelming majority (96%) of the equine isolates belonged to serotype 1 in Prescott's serotyping system, while the human isolates could not be serotyped. 相似文献
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