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ANGELA M. PACITTI 《The Journal of small animal practice》1987,28(12):1153-1159
Many cats which apparently recover from natural exposure to feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) are latently infected with the virus. While no infectious virus is isolated from blood, latent virus is found in bone marrow. This review describes the prevalence and duration of such infections, possible mechanisms involved in their maintenance, and their clinical and epidemiological significance. 相似文献
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Influence of growth stage and season on the energy value of fresh herbage. 1. Changes in metabolizable energy content 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The energy value and chemical composition of 70 herbages harvested over two years as either spring primary growths of increasing maturity (n= 32), summer regrowths (n= 14) or autumn regrowths of increasing maturity (n= 24) are reported. The herbages, which were dominated by perennial ryegrass, were harvested from commercial grassland on four sites in England in1986 (year 1) and 1987 (year 2). Digestibility and energy values were determined in vivo using wether sheep. In year 1, autumn regrowths had significantly (P < 0·05) lower neutral detergent fibre concentrationsthan summer regrowths, and lignin was lower (P < 0·05) in spring than in summer herbages. In year 2, autumn herbages had significantly(P < 0·05) higher concentrations of crude protein and hemicellulose than summer and autumn herbages. Spring herbages had higher concentrations of water-soluble carbohydrates than summer (P 0·01) and autumn (P < 0·001) herbages. A higher (P < 0·05) metabolizable energy (ME) concentration was observed in spring compared with summer herbages in year 2 and in general there was considerably more variability in the values for the spring growths, ME content fell with increasing maturity in spring growths(0·046 and 0·035 MJ kg-1 DM per day; years 1and 2 respectively) and this decline was 3–4 times faster than for autumn-harvested material (0·012 and 0·017 MJ kg-1 DM per day; years 1 and 2 respectively). In both years only immature spring herbages consistently produced ME contents in excess of 11·9 MJ kg-1 DM. For 15 of the herbages the proportion of gross energy intake (GEI) lost as methane was measured directly using respiration chambers. The mean methane energy loss was 0·07 of GEI (range 0·057–0·082). A commonly used publish equation for predicting methane energy loss was shown not to be appropriate, although no relationships could be established between methane energy loss and either energy digestibility in vivo or chemical composition. 相似文献
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Of 104 isolates of Botrytis cinerea collected from greenhouses in south-east Spain, 70 (67%) were tolerant to procymidone. The tolerant isolates appeared as often in greenhouses treated with dicarboximides for only 1 year as in those treated for several years, indicating a rapid development of tolerance under greenhouse conditions. Although the tolerant isolates grew more slowly on PDA than the sensitive ones, their sporulation per unit area was similar. The sporulation and the viability of conidia of tolerant isolates collected in greenhouses where dicarboximides were used for 3 years were enhanced by the presence of procymidone in the growth medium, features that may have important epidemiological implications. 相似文献
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ANGELA J. MAROLF JEFFREY A. STEWART THOMAS R. DUNPHY SUSAN L. KRAFT 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2011,52(4):415-421
Magnetic resonance (MR) cholangiopancreatography is useful in humans to diagnose biliary and pancreatic diseases. Some of these protocols incorporate the use of secretin, which stimulates the exocrine pancreas to release bicarbonate with secondary dilation of the pancreatic duct. We compared the utility and quality of multiple hepatic‐pancreaticobiliary MR imaging sequences before and after secretin stimulation of the pancreatic duct in five healthy cats. Multiple MR sequences were evaluated, including fast Spoiled Gradient Recalled in‐ and out‐of‐phase, Single Shot Fast Spin Echo (SSFSE), T2 Fast Spin Echo, MR cholangiopancreatography (pre‐ and postsecretin administration), and Fast Acquisition with Multiphase Efgre (FAME) (postsecretin and before and after gadolinium administration). The MR cholangiopancreatography protocol with secretin stimulation was feasible and yielded high‐contrast maps of the biliary ductal anatomy but the pancreactic duct was seen inconsistently. The FAME series most consistently provided visualization of biliary and postsecretin pancreatic ductal anatomy, combined with very good depiction of the liver and pancreas. The remaining sequences each had satisfactory utility and diagnostic quality, with the exception of the SSFSE sequences. Secretin improved the conspicuity of the pancreatic duct. 相似文献
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This paper gives details of a study which has examined the effect of herbage growth type and season on the relationships of digestible organic matter in the dry matter (DOMD) and metabolizable energy (ME) contents measured in vivo to various laboratory measurements including three in vitro estimates of DOMD based on rumen fluid pepsin (RFP), pepsin cellulase (PC) or neutral detergent cellulase (NCD). Seventy herbages harvested over two years and comprising 32 spring primary growths, 14 summer regrowths and 24 autumn growths were used.
For DOMD in vivo , significantly different regression relationships were required for spring and autumn-harvested herbage. Equations based on PC were:
Spring herbage: DOMD (g kg-1 DM) = 436 + 0·501 PC (g kg-1 DM) 2 = 76·7%; r.s.d. = 25·4
Autumn herbage: DOMD (g kg-1 DM) = 594 + 0·195 PC (g kg-1 DM) 2 = 15·5%; r.s.d. = 23·1
For autumn herbages there were no significant relationships with ME. As with DOMD in vivo the PC method was shown to provide the most accurate relationship with ME concentration of spring herbage. The relationship was:
ME (MJ kg-1 DM) = 6·16 + 0·0094 PC (g kg-1 DM) 2 = 69·8%; r.s.d. = 0·57
For both DOMD and ME the relationships for spring herbage based on PC were the only ones which did not differ significantly from those of an earlier study.
It is concluded that even where significant relationships for summer and autumn herbages were developed, the predictors accounted for substantially less of the variability than in spring herbages. This appeared to be largely due to reduced range in the DOMD and ME content in summer and autumn herbages. 相似文献
For DOMD in vivo , significantly different regression relationships were required for spring and autumn-harvested herbage. Equations based on PC were:
Spring herbage: DOMD (g kg
Autumn herbage: DOMD (g kg
For autumn herbages there were no significant relationships with ME. As with DOMD in vivo the PC method was shown to provide the most accurate relationship with ME concentration of spring herbage. The relationship was:
ME (MJ kg
For both DOMD and ME the relationships for spring herbage based on PC were the only ones which did not differ significantly from those of an earlier study.
It is concluded that even where significant relationships for summer and autumn herbages were developed, the predictors accounted for substantially less of the variability than in spring herbages. This appeared to be largely due to reduced range in the DOMD and ME content in summer and autumn herbages. 相似文献
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STEFANIA TESTONI ANGELA DALLA PRIA ARCANGELO GENTILE 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2010,51(2):162-164
Herein, we describe a calf affected by cerebellar displacement and spina bifida, diagnosed by ultrasonography. A full‐term, newborn female calf with paralysis of the pelvic limbs was examined. The dorsal skin at the sacral level contained a circular defect; this was subsequently diagnosed as spina bifida. Cerebellar displacement into the cervical vertebral canal was suspected because of the frequent association of these anomalies. Spinal ultrasound examination carried out at the level of the craniocervical junction allowed identification of herniation of the cerebellum, the caudal part of brain stem, and part of an occipital lobe into the cervical vertebral canal. The ultrasonographic diagnosis was confirmed as post mortem examination. This type of brain defect, associated with spina bifida, resembles the Arnold–Chiari malformation in humans. 相似文献
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ANGELA J. MAROLF DEBRA S. GIBBONS BRENDAN K. PODELL RICHARD D. PARK 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2011,52(2):168-172
Canine primary lung tumors typically appear radiographically as a well‐circumscribed solitary mass in the periphery of a caudal lung lobe. Consolidated and diffuse forms of primary lung tumors have also been described. Nineteen dogs with computed tomographic (CT) images of the thorax and a histological diagnosis of primary lung tumor (17 primary carcinomas and two primary sarcomas) were evaluated retrospectively to characterize the CT findings. All primary lung tumors were bronchocentric in origin with internal air bronchograms. The bronchi were typically narrowed, displaced, and often obstructed by the tumor. Eighteen of 19 (95%) of the tumors were solitary and there was one pneumonic/alveolar form. Most solitary tumors were well circumscribed (17/18), located in the central to periphery of the lung (14/18), and in a cranial or caudal lobe (16/19). Most primary lung tumors (11/17) had mild to moderate heterogeneous contrast enhancement. Five of 19 dogs (26%) had evidence of pulmonary metastasis. Internal mineralization (3/19) and tracheobronchial lymphadenopathy (4/19) were also identified. On CT examination, solitary, well circumscribed, bronchocentric masses with internal air bronchograms are consistent with a primary pulmonary tumor in dogs. 相似文献
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ANGELA J. DAVIES 《Journal of fish diseases》1985,8(3):299-308
Abstract. Up to 88-9% of five-bearded rocklings, Ciliata mustela L., from three localities in Wales harboured the coelozoic myxozoan parasite Zschokkella russelli Tripathi. Previously recorded only from the gall-bladder of British rocklings, Z. russelli was also found to produce proliferation, enlargement and thickening of hepatic ducts, lowering of the duct epithelium and pericholangitis. Histological, scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques were used to examine the parasite, and comparisons were drawn between Z. russelli from Welsh fish and infections recorded elsewhere, particularly from Plymouth, Devon. 相似文献