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Paymon Roustaian Mohd Salleh Kamarudin Hishamuddin Bin Omar Che Roos Saad Mansor Haji Ahmad 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2001,32(1):53-59
Abstract.— Quantitative changes in the protein, lipid and carbohydrate were studied in the early larval stages of developing freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii reared under fed and starved conditions to understand the relative importance of these nutrients in energy metabolism of the growing larvae. Larvae obtained from several females were stocked into three 250-L tanks at a density of 30 larvae/L. The feeding regime consisted of newly hatched Artemia nauplii. Protein was always the major organic constituent followed by lipids and then carbohydrates of both fed and starved larvae. Protein levels of both fed and starved larvae increased during development, suggesting an important role in morphogenesis. The decline of lipid during the larval growth that was more rapid for starved larvae, suggests a probable utilization of lipid as the major metabolic source of energy. Carbohydrates formed less than 5 and 2.4% of the larval dry weight of fed and starved larvae, respectively, suggesting their limited role in larval metabolism. 相似文献
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Efficacy of essential oils combination on performance,ileal bacterial counts,intestinal histology and immunocompetence of laying hens fed alternative lipid sources
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Asma Mousavi Amir Hossein Mahdavi Ahmad Riasi Masoud Soltani‐Ghombavani 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(5):1245-1256
This study was carried out to assess the effects of a blend of herbal essential oils (namely Thymus vulgaris, Mentha piperita, Rosmarinus offisinalis and Anethum graveolens) and different dietary lipid sources on the performance, ileal bacterial enumeration, intestinal histological alterations and immune responses in laying hens. For this purpose, a total of 150 laying hens were randomly allocated to six experimental treatments with five replicates of five birds each. Dietary treatments consisted of three levels of a mixture of essential oils (0, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and two sources of lipid (soybean oil and fish oil containing different ratios of n‐6 to n‐3 fatty acids) fed to the animals during an 80‐days feeding trial. Findings indicated that dietary administration of fish oil not only increased significantly the spleen relative weight (p < 0.01) and the antibody titre against Newcastle virus (p < 0.05) but also led to reductions in liver relative weight (p < 0.05) and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). Moreover, the mixture of herbal essential oils brought about declines in hepatic relative weight, heterophile to lymphocyte ratio (p < 0.05) and intestinal pathogen populations (p < 0.01). Mention must also be made of the improvements it made in spleen weight (p < 0.01), antibody titres against SRBC (p < 0.01) and Newcastle virus (p < 0.05), villus height to crypt depth ratio (p < 0.01), goblet cell numbers (p < 0.05), lamina propria lymphatic follicle diameters (p < 0.01) and feed conversion ratio (p = 0.06). It may be claimed that the enhancements observed in the performance of laying hens fed fish oil and 200 mg/kg of the blend of essential oils could have potentially been associated with improved intestinal health indices as well as cellular and humoral immune responses. 相似文献
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Influence of organic phosphorus on reproductive performance and metabolic profiles of anoestrous Farafra ewes in subtropics at the end of breeding season
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The effect of organic phosphorus on metabolic, haematological and hormonal status, restoration of ovarian functions and conception rate in anoestrous Farafra ewes in subtropics were evaluated. Anoestrous Farafra ewes (n = 24; 34.72 ± 0.52 kg body weight) were allocated into two equal groups: control and phosphorus groups. The ewes of phosphorus group were treated with sodium 4‐dimethylamino‐2‐methyl‐phenyl‐phosphonate as an organic bound phosphorous twice a week for successive 3 weeks. Ovarian follicle development and corpora lutea were checked three times a week till occurrence of oestrus using ultrasonography while pregnancy was confirmed at 30 days post‐service. Plasma metabolites, reproductive hormones, thyroid hormones and minerals were detected at weeks ?2, ?1, 0 (mating day) and + 4 weeks post‐oestrus. Phosphorus group had significantly (p < .05) short interval to oestrous resumption if compared to control ewes (2.1 ± 0.8 weeks vs . 4.6 ± 1.1 weeks). In addition, phosphorous supplementation significantly (p < .05) increased the number of antral follicles (developed and their sizes in addition to sizes of corpora lutea (8.72 ± 0.3 mm vs . 7.46 ± 0.9 mm) as well. Number of services per conception (2.6 vs . 1.4; p < .01) was higher in control group than that of phosphorus group. Pregnancy rate (80 vs . 50%) was significantly (p < .01) higher in phosphorus group when compared to control. White blood cells in treated ewes (10.8 ± 0.44; p < .05) and monocytes (2.93 ± 0.13; p < .01) were higher than that of control group (white blood cells; 9.53 ± 0.50 and monocytes; 2.24 ± 0.14). Metabolic parameters did not differ between phosphorus and control groups during different times of treatment. It could be concluded that phosphorous administration to anoestrous Farafra ewes in subtropics could improve reproductive performance and restore ovarian activity at the end of spring and early summer. 相似文献
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不同欧李品种(系)光合与水分利用特性比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以9种不同欧李品种(系)为试材,使用GFS3000光合测定系统测定了自然条件下叶片的光合和水分利用特性。结果表明:9种欧李品种(系)的净光合速率(Pn)、叶片气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、蒸腾比率(TR)、水分利用效率(WUE)均存在差异;在新疆生产建设兵团第十四师二二四团的生长环境下,Pn与Gs、Tr、WUE呈极显著正相关关系,而与Ci、TR呈极显著负相关关系;Ci与TR呈极显著正相关相关关系,与WUE呈极显著负相关关系;Gs与Tr呈极显著正相关关系,与TR呈显著负相关关系;Pn最高的"宏宇Ⅵ号"其WUE较高,但不是最高;WUE最高的"宏宇Ⅰ号"其Pn较高,但不是最高;"01-01号"的Pn和WUE均最低,其它品种(系)的Pn和WUE均处于中等水平,不同的欧李品种(系)通过不同方式协调自身的光合和水分利用来适应生长的环境。 相似文献
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基于北京大兴区耕地质量等级调查评价成果,按《土地质量地球化学评价规范》(DZ/T 0295—2016)补充采样调查测试,开展研究区特色农业产区土地质量地球化学评价.结果表明,研究区特色农业产区土壤养分综合等级主要以二等为主,面积为10266.18hm2,占特色农业产区总面积的53.67%;土壤环境质量总体优良,土地质量状况整体良好.特色农业产区土地质量地球化学评价结果可揭示特色农业产地土地质量等级以及重要土地问题,为区域特色农产品与生态农业开发等提供依据. 相似文献
9.
玉米多胞质雄性不育杂交种冀玉988的选育及利用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
不育化制种主要在于保证杂交种子的质量及降低其生产成本。多胞质杂交种的利用主要拓宽胞质异质性,增强杂交种对环境的适应能力与防范小斑病菌新的专化小种的严重为害。本研究以优良玉米新品种冀玉988(6048×黄选921.6)为背景,以s组的s,M,R与21A及C组的Rb,Bb与Es雄性不育细胞质(CMS)为试材,将母本6048转育成同核异质体,不育性稳定。父本921.6对21A,s与R三种CMS具有强恢复性。本研究论证了多胞质杂交种在生产上利用的可行性。冀玉988已配制成具有恢复性能的多胞质雄性不育杂交种,可用于生产。 相似文献
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Aurlie Vinet Claire Bouyer Lionel Forestier Ahmad Oulmouden Vronique Blanquet Brigitte Picard Isabelle Cassar-Malek Muriel Bonnet Dominique Rocha Gilles Renand 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(2)
The mutation T3811 → G3811 (TG3811) discovered in the myostatin gene of the Blonde d’Aquitaine breed is suspected of contributing to the outstanding muscularity of this breed. An experiment was designed to estimate the effect of this mutation in an F2 and back-cross Blonde d’Aquitaine × Holstein population. By genotyping all known mutations in the myostatin gene, it was ensured that the TG3811 mutation was indeed the only known mutation segregating in this population. Fifty-six calves (43 F2, 13 back-cross) were intensively fattened and slaughtered at 24.0 ± 1.4 wk of age. The effects of the mutation were estimated by comparing the calves with the [T/T] (n = 18), [T/G] (n = 30), and [G/G] (n = 8) genotypes. Highly significant substitution effects (P < 0.001), above + 1.2 phenotypic SD, were shown on carcass yield and muscularity scores. Birth weight (P < 0.001) was positively affected by the mutation (+0.8 SD) but not growth rate (P = 0.97), while carcass length (P = 0.03), and fatness (P ≤ 0.03) were negatively affected (–0.5 to –0.7 SD). The characteristics of the Triceps brachii muscle were affected by the mutation (P < 0.001), with lower ICDH activity (oxidative) and a higher proportion of myosin type 2X muscle fibers (fast twitch). The effects of the TG3811 mutation were similar to those of other known myostatin mutations, although the Blonde d’Aquitaine animals, which are predominantly [G/G] homozygous, do not exhibit extreme double muscling. 相似文献