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1.
Muhammad Amjad Javaid Akhtar Muhammad Anwar-ul-Haq Muhmmad Atif Riaz Zulfiqar Ahmad Saqib Behzad Murtaza 《Journal of plant nutrition》2016,39(13):1926-1935
To check the efficacy of potassium in alleviating oxidative stress under salt stress, salt-tolerant (Indent-1) and salt-sensitive (Red Ball) tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) genotypes were exposed to three levels of sodium chloride (NaCl) (0, 75, 150 mM) and two levels of potassium (4.5 and 9 mM) in solution and foliar form. Thirty days of treatments revealed that increasing NaCl stress increased lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) and correspondingly the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; and glutathione reductase GR) in both genotypes. However, higher potassium (K) level in solution or foliar spray during the salt-induced stress decreased MDA and antioxidant activity and increased the growth in salt-tolerant genotype than in the salt-sensitive genotype. Decrease in MDA concentration, activity of antioxidant enzymes, and increase in the growth of tomato plants by the application of potassium under salt stress suggest that potassium is an effective ameliorating agent against salt-induced oxidative damage. 相似文献
2.
Qumer Iqbal Muhammad Amjad Muhammad Rafique Asi Agustin Ariño 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2013,68(4):358-363
Studies were conducted to investigate the accumulation pattern of capsaicinoids and antioxidants such as carotenoids, ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds in three hot pepper hybrids at five different harvesting stages: immature green, mature green, color break, red ripe and dried fruit. Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin contents were maximum at mature green stage in both Sky Red (61.30 and 43.76 mg/100 g) and Wonder King (43.93 and 26.16 mg/100 g) hybrids, whereas Maha hybrid reached top values at color break stage (39.13 and 24.20 mg/100 g). The accumulation of total carotenoids showed an 8-fold increase from red ripe (12 mg/100 g) to dried fruit stage (96 mg/100 g), while a noticeable decline by 76 % was observed for ascorbic acid at same harvesting stages (150 vs. 36 mg/100 g, respectively). The three hot pepper hybrids showed great variations in the evolution of total phenolic contents during harvesting stages. Overall, the mature green stage was ideal to acquire maximum pungency due to capsaicinoids, while peppers at red ripe stage were best sources of ascorbic acid and dried fruits contained higher levels of total carotenoids. 相似文献
3.
Rana M. Sabir Tariq Khalid P. Akhtar Amjad Hameed Najeeb Ullah Muhammad Y. Saleem Imran ul Haq 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2018,150(4):911-922
Shoe-string disease caused by Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is one of the major threats to tomato production worldwide. The alteration in some biochemical parameters in leaves of the susceptible tomato genotype (Nagina) associated with CMV infection and the effect of exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA) and benzothiadiazole (BTH) were studied in this paper. Results showed that exogenous treatment with SA and BTH not only led to plants which gave significantly more yield than diseased controls (DC), but also delayed symptom expression and reduced disease severity. Analysis of biochemical parameters indicated that exogenous application of elicitors and viral infection, significantly affected the activity of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Compared to the DC plants, minimum disease severity and maximum number of fruit were recorded after a single dose of SA + BTH. Maximum plant height was recorded after weekly application of SA and maximum fruit yield per plant was gained with single dose of SA. Moreover, the activity of POD was significantly elicited many-fold after weekly application of SA + BTH, while higher amount of SOD was recorded with single dose of SA. The activity of CAT was also significantly accelerated after weekly application of SA + BTH while increased level of APX was noticed with single dose of BTH. In conclusion, the combined application of SA and BTH played an important role in induction of defense mechanism against CMV infection and can be useful in tomato disease management programs. 相似文献
4.
Ghulam Abbas Tariq Manzoor Khan Jehanzeb Farooq Abid Mahmood Rana Nadeem Abbas Wajad Nazeer Amjad Farooq Zuhair Hasnain Muhammad Naeem Akhtar 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2011,5(4):443-449
This research was conducted to explore genetic material that can yield better under salt stress conditions. The experiment
was laid out using 27 upland cotton genotypes in a RCBD 2 factorial arrangement with two replications. Saline water (NaCl
at 20 dS/m) was applied after satisfactory emergence was achieved. The crop was raised to maturity and data relating to yield,
fiber quality and ionic traits were recorded. Analysis of variance showed significant variations in the germplasm. Plant height,
bolls per plant, boll weight, GOT%, staple length, staple strength, K+ and K+/Na+ ratio under salinity stress showed a highly significant correlation with seed-cotton yield. The highest direct effect on
seedcotton yield per plant was exhibited by bolls per plant and boll weight. The results from the correlation and path coefficient
analyses revealed that although the K+/Na+ ratio had a strong positively significant association with seedcotton yield, its direct effect on the seed-cotton yield was
negative and thus selection on the basis of K+/Na+ may not be fruitful. Hence, only indirect selection through bolls per plant and boll weight may be effective in increasing
the seedcotton yield per plant under salinity stress. 相似文献
5.
Muhammad Amjad Javaid Akhtar Muhammad Saqib Rashid 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(8):1165-1177
In the present study, the effectiveness of biofertilizer containing plant growth promoting rhizobacteria was evaluated on growth and physiology of cotton under saline conditions. Cotton plants were exposed to different levels of NPK (50%, 75%, and 100% of recommended levels) along with coating with biofertilizer under saline (15 dS m?1) and non-saline conditions. It was observed that the biofertilizer seed coating improved growth, physiological (relative water content and chlorophyll content index), and ionic (K+/Na+) characteristics under saline and non-saline conditions. However, shoot growth (shoot fresh and dry weight) and leaf gas exchange characteristics (CO2 assimilation rate, A; intercellular CO2 concentration, Ci; transpiration rate, E; stomatal conductance, gs) were decreased by biofertilizer coating under saline condition. Increasing levels of NPK fertilizer increased shoot growth, whereas root growth was maximum at 75% NPK level under saline conditions. The results of the study indicate that the biofertilizer application was very effective for cotton plant in non-saline conditions but not very effective in saline conditions. 相似文献
6.
Arshad Usman Azeem Farrukh Mustafa Ghulam Bakhsh Allah Toktay Halil McGiffen Milt Nawaz Muhammad Amjad Naveed Muhammad Ali Muhammad Amjad 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2021,73(4):591-601
Gesunde Pflanzen - Biochar (BC) is known to enhance plant growth and may activate plant resistance to various soil borne pathogens. In this experiment, the rice husk (RH) BC was combined with... 相似文献
7.
Duaa Al Qattan Amjad Shatarat Loai Alzghoul Aya Khaled Ala Abdallah Maha ELBeltagy 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2019,48(5):437-443
Sexual dimorphism exists at all levels of the nervous system, from genetic, anatomical and system levels. The sexual dimorphism in the axonal content of the corpus callosum (CC) has always been controversial; hence, the aim of this study was to analyse the differences in total, myelinated and unmyelinated axons density of various regions of the CC between male and female rats. To assess that, six pairs of adult male and female rats were perfused and the CC was removed and sectioned. Four sections from different subregions of the corpus callosum that represent the genu, anterior body, posterior body, and splenium, were stained, and electron microscopic images were captured using stereological guidelines. Later, the axons density for each subregion was calculated and compared between males and females. The findings of the present study indicated region‐specific differences in the myelinated, unmyelinated or the ratio of myelinated/total axons in the CC between male and female rats. 相似文献
8.
A. Yang S. S. Akhtar M. Amjad S. Iqbal S.‐E. Jacobsen 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2016,202(6):445-453
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), traditionally called the mother of grains, has the potential to grow under high temperatures and drought, tolerating levels regarded as stresses in other crop species. A pot experiment was conducted in a climate chamber to investigate the potential of quinoa tolerance to increasing drought and temperature. Quinoa plants were subjected to three irrigation and two temperature regimes. At low temperature, the day/night climate chamber temperature was maintained at 18/8 °C and 25/20 °C for high temperature throughout the treatment period. The irrigation treatments were full irrigation (FI), deficit irrigation (DI) and alternate root‐zone drying (ARD). FI plants were irrigated daily to the level of the pot's water‐holding capacity. In DI and ARD, 70 % water of FI was applied either to the whole pot or to one side of the pot alternating, respectively. The results indicated that plant height and shoot dry weight significantly decreased by ARD and DI compared to FI treatment both at low and at high temperatures. However, plants in ARD treatment showed significantly higher plant height and shoot dry weight compared to DI especially at higher temperature, which is linked to increased xylem ion content. Higher quinoa plant growth in ARD was associated with increase in water‐use efficiency (WUEi) due to higher abscisic acid concentration and higher nutrient contents compared to DI. From results, it can be concluded that quinoa plant growth is favoured by high temperature (25/20 °C) and ARD is an effective irrigation strategy to increase WUE in drought prone areas. 相似文献
9.
Ammara Khaliq Amjad Hameed Muhammad Ahsan Farooq Mujahid Farid Muhammad Bilal Shakoor 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2016,62(5):633-647
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a well-known and economically most beneficial crop worldwide while nickel (Ni) toxicity is a widespread problem in crops grown on Ni-contaminated soils. We investigated the response of silicon (Si) in cotton under Ni stress with respect to growth, biomass, gas exchange attributes, enzymatic activities, and Ni uptake and accumulation. For this, plants were grown in hydroponics for 12 weeks with three levels of Ni (0, 50, and 100 µM) in the presence or absence of 1 mM Si. Results showed that Ni significantly reduced the plant growth, biomass, gas exchange attributes, and pigment contents while Si application mitigated these adverse effects under Ni stress. Nickel stress significantly decreased antioxidant enzymes’ activities while increased malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and electrolyte leakage (EC) in leaves and roots. The application of Si enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes and reduced MDA, H2O2, and EC in plants. Nickel application significantly increased Ni concentration and accumulation in leaf, stem, and roots while Si application significantly decreased Ni in these plant parts. The present study indicates that Si could improve cotton growth under Ni stress by lowering Ni uptake and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and by increasing antioxidant enzymes activities. 相似文献
10.
Abbas Ghulam Saqib Muhammad Akhtar Javaid Murtaza Ghulam Shahid Muhammad Hussain Amjad 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(4):1392-1399
Purpose
Phytoremediation is the most sustainable and economical strategy for reclamation of the salt-affected soils. In order to investigate the relationship between phytoremediation and rhizosphere acidification, two experiments (greenhouse and field) were conducted using two acacia species viz. Acacia ampliceps and Acacia nilotica.
Materials and methodsIn greenhouse experiment, both the species were exposed to 100 and 200 mM NaCl concentrations in solution culture. The release of organic acids from plant roots was determined after 14 and 28 days of the salt treatment. Shoot and root ash alkalinity was determined after harvesting the plants. In field experiment, both the species were grown on a saline sodic soil for 2 years. After every 6 months, plant growth data were recorded and soil samples were collected from different soil depths for physicochemical analyses.
Results and discussionThe results of greenhouse study indicated higher rhizosphere acidification by A. ampliceps than A. nilotica in terms of release of citric acid, malic acid, and tartaric acid along with ash alkalinity. The comparison of both the species in the field indicated higher amelioration in the soil properties like pHs, ECe, SAR, bulk density, and infiltration rate by A. ampliceps than A. nilotica.
ConclusionsIt is concluded from these studies that A. ampliceps is more suitable species than A. nilotica for the phytoremediation of the salt-affected soils due to its higher rhizosphere acidification potential.
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