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Keneisenuo Keneisenuo MVSc Om Prakash Choudhary PhD Pranab Chandra Kalita PhD Priyanka Choudhary PhD Arup Kalita PhD Probal Jyoti Doley MVSc Jitendra Kumar Chaudhary PhD 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(3):500-511
The present study reports data on the skull bone morphometry of barking and sambar deer. The skulls of adult barking deer (n = 6) and sambar deer (n = 6) of either sex (n = 3 males and n = 3 females) were collected from the Aizawl Zoological Park, Aizawl, Mizoram, India, with official permission from the Government of Mizoram. Anatomically, barking and sambar deer's skulls were elongated, pyramid-like, dolichocephalic and consisted of thirty-two cranial and facial bones. The cranial bones were eleven (three single and four paired), comprising of occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid, frontal, interparietal, parietal and temporal. The facial bones were twenty-one (one single and ten were paired), consisting of the maxilla, premaxilla (incisive), palatine, pterygoid, nasal, lacrimal, zygomatic (malar), vomer, turbinates, mandible and hyoid. In the present study, altogether 41 different measurements were taken morphologically and 6 different indices were applied. The obtained morphometrical parameters were significantly (p < .01, p < .05) higher in males than females of both species. Species wise, all obtained parameters were higher in sambar deer than barking deer. The obtained 41 different skull parameters and 6 indices showed statistically significant differences (p < .01 and p < .05) between both sexes of barking and sambar deer; however, practically these differences were meagre. The present morphometrical study on the skull of both species can help the wildlife professionals and zoo veterinarians determine the sex of these animals and differentiate it from other domestic and wild small ruminants for solving veterolegal cases. This study's findings will also motivate and assist other comparative studies with various domestic and wild small ruminants. 相似文献
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Ranjan Bhattacharyya Arti Bhatia Birendra N. Ghosh Priyabrata Santra Debashis Mandal Gopal Kumar Raman Jeet Singh Madegowda Madhu Avijit Ghosh Arup K. Mandal Ranjan Paul Ashim Datta Parbodh C. Sharma Uttam K. Mandal Pramod Jha Kokkuvayil S. Anil Manickam Lalitha Mahesh Kumar Nav R. Panwar Dibyendu Sarkar Ashok K. Patra Sumanta Kundu Michael A. Fullen Jean Poesen Bhabani Sankar Das Nagarjuna N. Reddy Suresh K. Chaudhari 《European Journal of Soil Science》2023,74(4):e13388
Current widespread and intensive soil degradation in India has been driven by unprecedented levels of population growth, large-scale industrialization, high-yield agriculture, urban sprawl and the spread of human infrastructure. The damage caused to managed and natural systems by soil degradation threatens livelihoods and local services and leads to national socio-economic disruption. Human-induced soil degradation results from land clearing and deforestation, inappropriate agricultural practices, improper management of industrial effluents and wastes, careless management of forests, surface mining, urban sprawl, and ill-planned commercial and industrial development. Of these, inappropriate agricultural practices, including excessive tillage and use of heavy machinery, over-grazing, excessive and unbalanced use of inorganic fertilizers, poor irrigation and water management techniques, pesticide overuse, inadequate crop residue and/or organic carbon inputs, and poor crop cycle planning, account for nearly 40% (121 Mha) of land degradation across India. Globally, human activities related to agriculture contribute to the transgression of four of the nine Planetary Boundaries proposed by Rockström et al. (2009): Climate Change, Biodiversity Integrity, Land-system Change, and altered Phosphorus and Nitrogen Biogeochemical Flows. This review focuses on how knowledge of soil processes in agriculture has developed in India over the past 10 years, and the potential of soil science to meet the objectives of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 2: Zero Hunger (End hunger, achieve food security, improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture), using the context of the four most relevant Planetary Boundaries as a framework. Solutions to mitigate soil degradation and improve soil health in different regions using conservation agricultural approaches have been proposed. Thus, in this review we (1) summarize the outputs of recent innovative research in India that has explored the impacts of soil degradation on four Planetary Boundaries (Climate Change, Biodiversity Loss, Land-system Change, and altered Biogeochemical Flows of Phosphorus and Nitrogen) and vice-versa; and (2) identify the knowledge gaps that require urgent attention to inform developing soil science research agendas in India, to advise policy makers, and to support those whose livelihoods rely on the land. 相似文献
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Baliarsingh Snigdha Sahoo Sonalina Jo Yong Hun Han Yeon Soo Sarkar Arup Lee Yong Seok Mohanty Jyotirmaya Patnaik Bharat Bhusan 《Aquaculture International》2022,30(2):1011-1035
Aquaculture International - Lectin protein families are diverse and multi-functional in crustaceans. The carbohydrate-binding domains (CRDs) of lectins recognize the molecular patterns associated... 相似文献
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Hybrid composites of epoxy novolac reinforced with short bagasse fibres and short coir fibres were prepared. The mechanical
and dynamic mechanical properties of these bagasse-coir hybrid fibres reinforced epoxy novolac composites were investigated
with reference to different layering patterns of the composites. The tensile properties of the tri-layer composites are recorded
higher than those of the bi-layer composites, whereas the flexural properties of the tri-layer composites are lower than bi-layer
composites. The tensile strength of the intimate mix composite is comparable with trilayer composite having bagasse as skin
material. The effect of layering pattern on storage modulus (E′), damping behavior (tan δ), and loss modulus (E″) was studied as a function of temperature and frequency. The E′ values of the bi-layer composites are recorded lower than those of tri-layer (bagasse/coir/bagasse) and intimately mixed
hybrid composites. The minimum E′ value is obtained for the composites made with coir as skin layer. Bi-layer composite shows maximum damping property. The
theoretical modeling showed good correlation with experimental results at above glass transition temperature (T
g
), while theoretical model deviates experimental data at lower T
g
. The Arrhenius relationship has been used to calculate the activation energy of the glass transition of the composites. 相似文献
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P. K. Basavaraja N. D. Yogendra S. T. Zodape Ravi Prakash Arup Ghosh 《Journal of plant nutrition》2018,41(14):1851-1861
Seaweeds are important marine renewable resources. Use of seaweeds as fertilizers has allowed for substitution in place of conventional synthetic fertilizers. This study was conducted to examine the effect of seaweed liquid extract (SLE) on growth, yield, and nutrient uptake by hybrid maize. The experiments were conducted in ZARS, Vishweshwaraiah Canal farm, Mandya (Karnataka, India) during the rabi season of 2011–2013 to study the effect of foliar applications of Kappaphycus alvarezii (K sap) and Gracilaria edulis (G sap) sap on growth and yield response of hybrid maize “NAH 1137”. Three foliar sprays of both saps were applied at the rate of 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10, and 15.0% (v/v) along with water spray as a control at different stages of the crop. It was found that grain yield increased significantly by 18.54% and 26.04% for plants receiving 10% concentrations of both K. alvarezii and G. edulis sap respectively, over control. The increase in yield was attributed to increase in the number of rows in cob, cob length, and 100 grain weight. This investigation concludes that application of both the saps at 10% increased the nutrient uptake, grain, and stover yield over control. 相似文献
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Paul C. Davidson Theresa B. Kuhlenschmidt Rabin Bhattarai Prasanta K. Kalita Mark S. Kuhlenschmidt 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2014,225(3):1-12
Overland transport kinetics of pathogens is controlled, in large part, by soil and vegetation. With an increasing number of concentrated animal operations, there is becoming a greater need to dispose of a vast amount of manure in a single, localized area. Animal manure contains a substantial amount of microbial pathogens, including Cryptosporidium parvum that may pose a threat of contamination of water resources. This study examines the kinetics of C. parvum in overland transport and critical factors involved in the design of best management practices, especially vegetative filter strips, to prevent the transport of harmful pathogens to water bodies. Three soil types were tested (Catlin silt-loam, Alvin fine sandy-loam, Darwin silty-clay), spanning the entire spectrum of typical Illinois soils. A 20-min rainfall event was produced using a small-scale (1.07 m?×?0.66 m) laboratory rainfall simulator over a soil box measuring 0.67 m?×?0.33 m. Each soil type was tested for pathogen transport kinetics with bare surface conditions as well as with smooth brome and fescue vegetative covers. Surface runoff, soil cores, and near-surface runoff were each analyzed for infective C. parvum oocysts using cell culture infectivity assays. Results showed that vegetation greatly reduced the recovery of infective oocysts, in addition to delaying the time to the peak recovery. However, there was no clear evidence of any one vegetation type being advantageous over another. The bare soil experiments resulted in a higher recovery of C. parvum oocysts from the Darwin soil compared to other two soils. Analyses of soil cores show a slightly higher recovery of oocysts in the Catlin soil compared to Alvin or Darwin soils. 相似文献
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Teleost fish lack the enzyme for endogenous synthesis of ascorbic acid (AA), an essential micronutrient for fish. The aim
of this study was to examine the effect of higher levels of dietary vitamin C on growth, nutritional quality, and immunomodulation
in the Indian major carp, rohu (Labeo rohita). Four groups of L. rohita were fed experimental diets containing either no vitamin C (control) or supplemented with vitamin C at 500 mg kg−1 (Exp-1), 1000 mg kg−1 (Exp-2), or 1500 mg kg−1 (Exp-3) for 60 days. Growth parameters (NWG, ADG, and SGR), serological parameters (TSP, TSA, TSG, and A:G), haematological
parameters (TLC, TEC, Hct, MCV, and MCH), and different non-specific immunological parameters (PR, PI, respiratory burst activity,
and bactericidal activity) were evaluated during the experimental trial. Fish fed a vitamin C-supplemented diet showed higher
specific growth rate (SGR) up to 1000 mg kg−1 compared with control fish. Different haematological and serological parameters along with non-specific immune parameters
were influenced by vitamin C supplementation. Among the non-specific immune parameters phagocytic activity (PR and PI) and
respiratory burst activity (NBT cells) were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) enhanced by increasing doses of vitamin C supplementation. Higher levels of dietary vitamin C significantly (P ≤ 0.05) enhanced protection against Aeromonas hydrophila (AH1) infection compared with controls. Results from this study help to establish the beneficial effect of vitamin C on growth
and immunmodulation in rohu (L. rohita). 相似文献
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Parishmita Handique Hemanta Pokhrel Binod Kalita Raktim Sarmah Abdul Malik Ahmed Kaustabh Bhagawati Arnab Narayan Patowary 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(5):1973-1979
The present study was conducted to evaluate the …effect of dietary selenium on growth performance and antioxidant enzymes activity in Cirrhinus mrigala for a period of 45 days. Four numbers of experimental diets were prepared, Tc for Control (0 mg organic selenium/kg of diet), T1 (2.5 mg organic selenium/kg of diet), T2 (5.0 mg organic selenium/kg of diet) and T3 (10 mg organic selenium/kg of diet). The water quality parameters (temperature, DO, pH, conductivity, hardness, ammonia, nitrate and nitrite) were found to be insignificant (p > .05) among all the treatments. Superoxidase dismutase (SOD) was found to be significantly highest in T2 (6.10 ± 0.07) when compared with the other treatments. Similarly, catalase (CAT) activity in T1 (13.21 ± 0.13) was significantly (p < .05) different with that of Control, T2 and T3. Present study also revealed that 2.5mg organic selenium/kg supplemented diet (T1) showed highest results in net weight gain (15.55 ± 1.36 g), net weight gain percentage (185.88 ± 8.98%) and SGR (2.35 ± 0.06 g) compared with other experimental diet. 相似文献
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