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Fernanda S. ORREGO Mathias HÜNE Hugo A. BENÍTEZ Mauricio F. LANDAETA 《Integrative zoology》2023,18(2):372-384
Phenotypic variation in organisms depends on the genotype and the environmental constraints of the habitat that they exploit. Therefore, for marine species inhabiting contrasting aquatic conditions, it is expected to find covariation between the shape and its spatial distribution. We studied the morphology of the head and cephalic sensory canals of the eelpout Austrolycus depressiceps (4.5–22.5 cm TL) across its latitudinal distribution in South Pacific (45°S–55°S). Geometric morphometric analyses show that the shape varied from individuals with larger snout and an extended suborbital canal to individuals with shorter snouts and frontally compressed suborbital canal. There was size variation across the sampled populations, but that size does not have a clear latitudinal gradient. Only 8% of the shape variation relates to this size variation (allometry), represented by a decrease in the relative size of the eye, and a depression of the posterior margin of the head. There were spatial differences in the shape of the head, but these differences were probably caused by allometric effects. Additionally, 2 of the canals of the cephalic lateralis pores and the head shape showed modularity in its development. This study shows that the morphology of marine fish with a shallow distribution varies across distances of hundreds of kilometers (i.e., phenotypic modulation). 相似文献
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Six varieties oi Loliumperenne, three of L. multiflorum and one hybrid (L. multiflorum × L. perenne) were assessed for diseases over two harvest years. Crown rust (Puccinia coronata) and mildew (Erysiphe graminis) occurred on some varieties in 1973. Leaf spotting (Drechslera spp.) was common, but slight on most varieties, in both years. Ryegrass mosaic virus (RMV) and its mite vector, Abacarus hystrix were present on all varieties in the second year. The relative susceptibility of varieties to RMV was similar in the field and in glasshouse tests. 相似文献
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M. PLOEG V. SAEY C. M. de BRUIJN A. GRÖNE K. CHIERS G. van LOON R. DUCATELLE P. R. van WEEREN W. BACK C. DELESALLE 《Equine veterinary journal》2013,45(1):101-106
Reasons for performing study: In horses, aortic sinus of Valsalva aneurysms or tears in the aortic root are well‐recognised conditions in breeding stallions, often leading to sudden death. A more uncommon form of aortic rupture, located proximal to the ligamentum arteriosum has been reported in 3 Friesian horses. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to phenotypically characterise aortic rupture and aorto‐pulmonary fistulation in Friesian horses in terms of clinical and post mortem data based on 24 cases. Methods: Friesian horses that were diagnosed with aortic rupture and aorto‐pulmonary fistulation over a period of 13 years (1997–2010) at the Department of Equine Sciences of Utrecht University (n = 15) and Wolvega Equine Hospital (n = 9), were included in this study. Case history, results of clinical examination and gross post mortem findings were screened and analysed. Results: Some cases were found dead without prior symptoms, but in several cases signs such as recurrent colic, peripheral oedema and sustained tachycardia were present for several weeks prior to cardiac failure. Clinical examination during hospitalisation revealed increased rectal temperature, peripheral oedema and increased jugular pulse with a bounding arterial pulse. In the majority of horses an aortic rupture of the aortic arch near the ligamentum arteriosum, concurrent with a circumferential cuff of perivascular haemorrhage and aorto‐pulmonary fistulation, was found at post mortem examination. Conclusions: Aorto‐pulmonary fistulation in conjunction with aortic rupture is more common in Friesians than previously estimated. In some cases findings demonstrate a progressive pathology rather than acute cardiac failure and sudden death. An appropriate approach is necessary during post mortem examination of the heart in order not to overlook the diagnosis. Potential relevance: Equine practitioners should realise that in Friesian horses presented with a history of recurrent false colic, coughing, sustained tachycardia and/or peripheral oedema, aortic rupture and aorto‐pulmonary fistulation should be included in the differential diagnosis. 相似文献
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A Ortega‐Pacheco M Jiménez‐Coello E Gutiérrez‐Blanco KY Acosta‐Viana E Guzmán‐Marín MA Zavala‐Sánchez NE Montalvo‐Beltrán MS Pérez‐Gutiérrez 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):1126-1129
Papaya seeds (Carica papaya Linn) have been found to have a significant effect on sperm characteristics in some mammals, including humans, but no studies have investigated the effects on dogs. In the present study, a significant decrease in sperm concentration was observed in a group of dogs treated with extracts from washed papaya seeds, but no decrease was observed in the group of dogs treated with non‐washed seeds. An important effect of extract components from washed seeds such as fatty acids is probably involved in the reduction of sperm production because of Sertoli cell damage, as has been suggested for langur monkeys. Dilution of the active components in the non‐washed papaya seeds or interference with some of the components may reduce the expected effect on spermatogenesis. This first report on the effects of a chloroformic extract of papaya seeds in dogs suggests that an increased dose is necessary to achieve azoospermia. 相似文献
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VC McIver AS Tsang NE Symonds NR Perkins E Uquillas CM Dart LB Jeffcott AJ Dart 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(6):250-255
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LORRIE GASCHEN PATRICK KIRCHER ANJA STÜSSI KARIN ALLENSPACH FRÉDÉRIC GASCHEN MARCUS DOHERR ANDREA GRÖNE 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(1):56-64
Intestinal wall thickness is neither a specific nor sensitive ultrasound parameter for detecting intestinal inflammation. We hypothesize that mucosal echogenicity, lymphadenomegaly, and secondary findings of the gastrointestinal tract would be more sensitive and specific markers for detecting and differentiating causes of chronic inflammatory bowel disease in dogs. Fifty-six client-owned dogs with chronic diarrhea and 10 control dogs were examined with two-dimensional, gray-scale ultrasound (time 0, 4, and 10 weeks post therapy) and small intestinal mucosal biopsies were performed at the 0- and 4-week time points. The clinical activity was assessed at each time point using the canine inflammatory bowel disease activity index (CIBDAI). Fifty-one dogs had inflammatory infiltration of the duodenal mucosa and were divided into three groups, food-responsive disease, idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, and protein-losing enteropathy, based on their response to the different treatments and histology. Two different patterns of increased echogenicity of the mucosa were detected: hyperechoic speckles and hyperechoic striations. A normal, hypoechoic bowel mucosa in dogs with chronic diarrhea had a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 81% for the diagnosis of food-responsive disease. Hyperechoic striations had a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 96% for dogs with protein-losing enteropathy. Hyperechoic speckles were non-specific for diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease. There was a significant relationship between ultrasound score and CIBDAI at t0, but not following therapy. Mucosal echogenicity may be a better parameter for detecting inflammatory bowel disease than bowel wall thickness in dogs with chronic diarrhea. 相似文献
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A. M. REMEDIOS DVM MVSC M. S. BAUER DVM DiplomateACVS C. V. BOWEN FBSC 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1989,18(5):380-385
Nonselective angiography, selective angiography, and gross dissection of 15 cadavers were performed to delineate direct cutaneous arteries in the cat. The omocervical, deep circumflex iliac, thoracodorsal, and caudal superficial epigastric arteries were identified by nonselective angiography. Selective angiography and gross dissection allowed assessment of the origin and vascular territories of the thoracodorsal and caudal superficial epigastric arteries. Orthotopic and heterotopic transfers of thoracodorsal and caudal superficial epigastric island flaps were performed on eight cats. All flaps were successful although areas of necrosis at the caudodistal tips were evident in most of the thoracodorsal flaps. The rotated thoracodorsal flaps extended to the carpi. Caudal superficial epigastric flaps enabled coverage to the metatarsus. Seroma formation and partial dehiscence were minor complications. 相似文献