Effects of protein-energetic supplementation frequency on growth performance and nutritional characteristics of grazing beef cattle     

Renata Pereira da Silva-Marques  Joanis Tilemahos Zervoudakis  Nelcino Francisco De Paula  Luciana Keiko Hatamoto-Zervoudakis  Pedro Ivo José Lopes da Rosa e Silva  Núbia Bezerra do Nascimento Matos 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(3):495-501

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate reduced supplementation frequencies for grazing beef cattle in rainy season. In experiment 1, evaluating the nutritional parameters, four rumen-cannulated Nellore bulls (BW = 410 kg) were used. In experiment 2, evaluating animal performance, 48 Nellore bulls (BW = 358 kg) were used. The treatments were as follows: mineral supplement (MS) alone and MS plus protein-energy supplement provided 3×, 5× and 7×/week. Supplementation frequency did not affect (P > 0.05) intake and digestibility. Average daily gain was greater (P < 0.001) to supplementation compared with MS. The supplementation 5×/week resulted in greater weight gain per hectare (9.24) and higher economic returns during the study period (1.64%) compared to other supplementations. Supplementation 5×/week increased animal performance and positively influenced economic returns.  相似文献   

Experimental infection of infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931)     

Suzianny Maria Bezerra Cabral da Silva  João Luís Rocha  Pedro Carlos Cunha Martins  Alfredo Olivera Gálvez  Fernando Leandro dos Santos  Humber Agrelli Andrade  Maria Raquel Moura Coimbra 《Aquaculture International》2015,23(2):563-576

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Composition and fatty acid profile of milk from cows supplemented with pressed oilseed cake          下载免费PDF全文

Ronaldo Lopes Oliveira  Severino Gonzaga Neto  Francisco Helton Sa de Lima  Ariosvaldo Nunes de Medeiros  Leilson Rocha Bezerra  Elzania Sales Pereira  Adriana Regina Bagaldo  Caius Barcellos de Pellegrini  Braulio Rocha Correia 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(10):1225-1232

This study compared the productive and nutritional parameters of milk from crossbred lactating cows managed on Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Tanzania and with a diet supplemented with different pressed oilseed cakes. The supplements used were as follows: peanut cake, sunflower cake and palm kernel cake for replacement of soybean meal. Sixteen cows with an average weight of 544 ± 57 kg and producing 8 ± 1.4 L of milk per day were used in this study. The animals were randomly assigned to the treatments according to a Latin square design repeated over time, with four treatments, 16 animals and four experimental periods. Supplementation of the diet with peanut cake, sunflower cake and palm kernel cake compared with soybean meal in the diet of cows did not affect the average daily production or composition of the milk. The palm kernel cake promoted an increase in lauric fatty acids (C_12:0) and palmitoleic acids (C_16:1) (5.02 and 1.65%, respectively) compared with peanut cake and sunflower cake (4.13 and 4.01%, respectively). The levels of oleic fatty acids (C_18:1) were higher for the sunflower cake and palm kernel cake supplements (26.01 and 25.01%, respectively) compared with peanut cake (23.11%). The replacement of soybean meal with sunflower cake and palm kernel cake improved the nutritional quality of the milk, with lower concentrations of saturated fatty acids and higher concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids, without compromising the production or nutritional composition of the milk. © 2015 Japanese Society of Animal Science  相似文献   

Requirements of protein for maintenance and growth in ram hair lambs     

Elzania Sales Pereira  Rildson Melo Fontenele  Ariosvaldo Nunes de Medeiros  Ronaldo Lopes Oliveira  Ana Claudia Nascimento Campos  Eduardo Luiz Heinzen  Leilson Rocha Bezerra 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(7):1323-1327

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Reproductive and productive performances of Santa Inês ewes submitted to breeding in different periods of the Amazonian humid tropical climate     

Felipe Nogueira Soares  Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira  Luciana Cristina Padilha-Nakaghi  Luís Guilherme de Oliveira  Marcus Antônio Rossi Feliciano  Felipe Brener Bezerra de Oliveira  Pedro Paulo Maia Teixeira  Wilter Ricardo Russiano Vicente  Cristian Faturi  Luiz Fernando de Souza Rodrigues 《Tropical animal health and production》2015,47(8):1465-1471

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Milk production,intake, digestion,blood parameters,and ingestive behavior of cows supplemented with by-products from the biodiesel industry     

Neto  Severino Gonzaga  Oliveira  Ronaldo Lopes  de Lima  Francisco Helton Sá  de Medeiros  Ariosvaldo Nunes  Bezerra  Leilson Rocha  Viégas  Júlio  do Nascimento  Nilton Guedes  de Freitas Neto  Marcondes Dias 《Tropical animal health and production》2015,47(1):191-200

This study aimed to evaluate the intake, digestion, blood parameters, and feeding behavior of crossbred dairy cows (Holstein?×?Gir) managed on Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Tanzania-1 and provided supplementation with groundnut cake, sunflower cake, or palm kernel cake (to replace soybean meal). Sixteen cows were randomly assigned in a Latin square design with four treatments and four experimental periods. The consumption of nutrients from the pasture did not vary between experimental treatments. Cows receiving the palm kernel cake supplement had a reduced crude protein, non-fibrous carbohydrate, and total digestible nutrient intake and an increase in the average consumption of ether extract. There was also a reduction in the digestibility of dry matter. The inclusion of supplements in the diet did not influence the average time spent eating, ruminating, or resting. The mean values of respiratory and heart rates showed thermal comfort during the trial period. There was a reduction in blood urea nitrogen with palm kernel cake supplementation, and the values of total protein, albumin, and glucose were also significantly different with this supplement. It is recommended that cakes of groundnut cake and sunflower cake seed be used for a total replacement of soybean meal supplements for lactating cows, but the use of palm kernel cake is not recommended.

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Reproductive Performance and Reconception of Nellore Cows According to Their Pure‐ or Cross‐Bred Calves          下载免费PDF全文

WB Rodrigues  FS Wechsler  E Nogueira 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(3):431-436

The objective of the present research was to evaluate the effect of a calf's genetic group on the productive and reproductive efficiency of its Nellore dam. Fixed‐time artificial insemination was applied to 800 cows using semen extracted from Nellore, Simmental and Angus Red bulls. Four hundred eleven cows calved, producing 119 Nellore, 103 ½Simmental–½Nellore and 189 ½Nellore–½Angus Red calves. The second mating period, which paired Nellore cows with Simmental bulls, was initiated 10 days after parturitions began and lasted for 5 months. Based on the two successive parturitions, the cumulative parturition rate for calving periods of 3, 4 and 5 months was calculated. Although no significant difference was observed for birth weight among the genetic groups, cross‐bred calves weighed, on average, 10% more than did pure‐bred calves at the age of 205 days. Nellore dams experienced a gestation period that was 7 days longer than did the cross‐bred dams, and the former showed a higher parturition rate at 90 and 120 days of the calving season, but not at 150 days (calving rates of 80.6, 76.4 and 76.2% for mothers of Nellore, ½Nellore–½Angus Red and ½Nellore–½Simmental, respectively, p > 0.05). At 90 and 120 days, Nellore dams produced more kg of calf per mated dam. In conclusion, in a short breeding season, Nellore dams nursing pure‐bred Nellore calves were found to have a higher biological efficiency compared with Nellore dams nursing cross‐bred calves.  相似文献   

Effects of Artemisia annua and Foeniculum vulgare on chickens highly infected with Eimeria tenella (Phylum Apicomplexa)     

Liviu Dr?gan  Adriana Gy?rke  Jorge FS Ferreira  Ioan A Pop  Ioan Dunca  Maria Dr?gan  Viorica Mircean  Iosif Dan  Vasile Cozma 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2014,56(1):22

Background

Intensive poultry production systems depend on chemoprophylaxis with anticoccidial drugs to combat infection. A floor-pen study was conducted to evaluate the anticoccidial effect of Artemisia annua and Foeniculum vulgare on Eimeria tenella infection. Five experimental groups were established: negative control (untreated, unchallenged); positive control (untreated, challenged); a group medicated with 125 ppm lasalocid and challenged; a group medicated with A. annua leaf powder at 1.5% in feed and challenged; and a group treated with the mixed oils of A. annua and Foeniculum vulgare in equal parts, 7.5% in water and challenged. The effects of A. annua and oil extract of A. annua + F. vulgare on E. tenella infection were assessed by clinical signs, mortality, fecal oocyst output, faeces, lesion score, weight gain, and feed conversion.

Results

Clinical signs were noticed only in three chickens from the lasalocid group, six from the A. annua group, and nine from the A. annua + F. vulgare group, but were present in 19 infected chickens from the positive control group. Bloody diarrhea was registered in only two chickens from A. annua group, but in 17 chickens from the positive control group. Mortality also occurred in the positive control group (7/20). Chickens treated with A. annua had a significant reduction in faecal oocysts (95.6%; P = 0.027) and in lesion score (56.3%; P = 0.005) when compared to the positive control. At the end of experiment, chickens treated with A. annua leaf powder had the highest body weight gain (68.2 g/day), after the negative control group, and the best feed conversion (1.85) among all experimental groups.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that A. annua leaf powder (Aa-p), at 1.5% of the daily diet post-infection, can be a valuable alternative for synthetic coccidiostats, such as lasalocid.  相似文献   

Cone beam computed tomography and intraoral radiography for diagnosis of dental abnormalities in dogs and cats     

Marcello R. Roza  Luiz Antonio F. Silva  Mauricio Barriviera  Alessandro L. Janu��rio  Ana Cristina B. Bezerra  Maria Clorinda S. Fioravanti 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2011,12(4):387-392

The development of veterinary dentistry has substantially improved the ability to diagnose canine and feline dental abnormalities. Consequently, examinations previously performed only on humans are now available for small animals, thus improving the diagnostic quality. This has increased the need for technical qualification of veterinary professionals and increased technological investments. This study evaluated the use of cone beam computed tomography and intraoral radiography as complementary exams for diagnosing dental abnormalities in dogs and cats. Cone beam computed tomography was provided faster image acquisition with high image quality, was associated with low ionizing radiation levels, enabled image editing, and reduced the exam duration. Our results showed that radiography was an effective method for dental radiographic examination with low cost and fast execution times, and can be performed during surgical procedures.  相似文献   

In vivo bioinsecticidal activity toward Ceratitis capitata (fruit fly) and Callosobruchus maculatus (cowpea weevil) and in vitro bioinsecticidal activity toward different orders of insect pests of a trypsin inhibitor purified from tamarind tree (Tamarindus indica) seeds     

Araújo CL  Bezerra IW  Oliveira AS  Moura FT  Macedo LL  Gomes CE  Barbosa AE  Macedo FP  Souza TM  Franco OL  Bloch-J C  Sales MP 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(11):4381-4387

A proteinaceous inhibitor with high activity against trypsin-like serine proteinases was purified from seeds of the tamarind tree (Tamarindus indica) by gel filtration on Shephacryl S-200 followed by a reverse-phase HPLC Vidac C18 TP. The inhibitor, called the tamarind trypsin inhibitor (TTI), showed a Mr of 21.42 kDa by mass spectrometry analysis. TTI was a noncompetitive inhibitor with a Ki value of 1.7 x 10(-9) M. In vitro bioinsecticidal activity against insect digestive enzymes from different orders showed that TTI had remarkable activity against enzymes from coleopteran, Anthonomus grandis (29.6%), Zabrotes subfasciatus (51.6%), Callosobruchus maculatus (86.7%), Rhyzopertha dominica(88.2%), and lepidopteron, Plodia interpuncptella (26.7%), Alabama argillacea (53.8%), and Spodoptera frugiperda (75.5%). Also, digestive enzymes from Diptera, Ceratitis capitata (fruit fly), were inhibited (52.9%). In vivo bioinsecticidal assays toward C. capitata and C. maculatus larvae were developed. The concentration of TTI (w/w) in the artificial seed necessary to cause 50% mortality (LD50) of larvae was 3.6%, and that to reduce mass larvae by 50.0% (ED50) was 3.2%. Furthermore, the mass C. capitata larvae were affected at 53.2% and produced approximately 34% mortality at a level of 4.0% (w/w) of TTI incorporated in artificial diets.  相似文献