Plants as de-worming agents of livestock in the Nordic countries: historical perspective, popular beliefs and prospects for the future.     

PJ Waller  G Bernes  SM Thamsborg  A Sukura  SH Richter  K Ingebrigtsen  J H?glund 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2001,42(1):31-44

Preparations derived from plants were the original therapeutic interventions used by man to control diseases (including parasites), both within humans and livestock. Development of herbal products depended upon local botanical flora with the result that different remedies tended to develop in different parts of the world. Nevertheless, in some instances, the same or related plants were used over wide geographic regions, which also was the result of communication and/or the importation of plant material of high repute. Thus, the Nordic countries have an ancient, rich and diverse history of plant derived anthelmintic medications for human and animal use. Although some of the more commonly used herbal de-wormers were derived from imported plants, or their products, many are from endemic plants or those that thrive in the Scandinavian environment. With the advent of the modern chemotherapeutic era, and the discovery, development and marketing of a seemingly unlimited variety of highly efficacious, safe synthetic chemicals with very wide spectra of activities, herbal remedies virtually disappeared from the consciousness--at least in the Western world. This attitude is now rapidly changing. There is a widespread resurgence in natural product medication, driven by major threats posed by multi-resistant pest, or disease, organisms and the diminishing public perceptions that synthetic chemicals are the panacea to health and disease control. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive account of the depth of historical Nordic information available on herbal de-wormers, with emphasis on livestock and to provide some insights on potentially rewarding areas of "re-discovery" and scientific evaluation in this field.  相似文献   

Congenital stationary night blindness in briards in the UK     

Thomas R  Holmes N  Binns M 《The Veterinary record》2001,148(15):488

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Early embryonic death in ewes given Veratrum californicum     

K R Van Kampen  W Binns  L F James  L D Balls 《American journal of veterinary research》1969,30(4):517-519

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The effect of loco plant on libido and fertility in rams     

J L Shupe  L F James  K Hoffman  W Binns 《The Cornell veterinarian》1968,58(1):59-66

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Characterization of lymphocyte subpopulations in sheep by rosette formation,adherence to nylon wool and mitogen responsiveness     

P.M. Outteridge  S.T. Licence  R.M. Binns 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1981,2(1):3-18

Sheep peripheral blood lymphocytes have been studied using a number of surface markers. Thus 16.6 ± 2.4% (mean ± S.E.) were surface immunoglobulin positive (sIg⁺) by direct immunofluorescence, 35.9 ± 2.1% formed Fc rosettes with bovine red blood cells (RBC) sensitized with rabbit antibody (Fc⁺) and 28.4 ± 2.0% formed rosettes with sheep red blood cells (RBC) in the presence of 4% dextran (DS⁺). The percentage of both Fc⁺ and DS⁺ lymphocytes tended to increase with age of the animals. Demonstration of these markers allowed computation of two further subpopulations: null cells lacking sIg and a receptor for sheep RBC, and Fc·null cells lacking a receptor for Fc and sheep RBC. The former population, which contained a proportion of Fc⁺ lymphocytes comprised 49.8 ± 3.8% of blood lymphocytes and the latter 38.4 ± 3.0%.Separation on nylon wool columns, selective rosette enrichment and depletion on density gradients and stimulation with phytomitogens have shown sIg⁺ and Fc⁺ lymphocytes to be nylon wool adherent and unresponsive to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and Concanavalin A (Con A) and DS⁺ lymphocytes to be nylon wool non-adherent and responsive to PHA and Con A. The data also indicates a major overlap of the lymphocyte subpopulations bearing sIg and Fc which are apparently B lymphocytes. Moreover these data support the contention that E-rosette formation with sheep RBC in the presence of dextran is a marker for sheep T cells. The data also indicates that Fc·null cells are T cells, eluting in the non-adherent fraction from nylon wool. It is probable that a proportion of these cells bear a SRBC receptor too weak for present detection methods.  相似文献   

Crooked calf syndrome, a plant-induced congenital deformity     

James L.  Shupe D.V.M.  Wayne  Binns D.V.M.  Lynn F.  James Ph.D. Richard F.  Keeler Ph.D. 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1967,2(4):145-152

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Use of a PCR assay to assess the prevalence and risk factors for Mycoplasma haemofelis and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum' in cats in the United Kingdom   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Tasker S  Binns SH  Day MJ  Gruffydd-Jones TJ  Harbour DA  Helps CR  Jensen WA  Olver CS  Lappin MR 《The Veterinary record》2003,152(7):193-198

Blood samples from 426 healthy and sick cats in the UK were tested in a PCR assay for 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum' and Mycoplasma haemofelis (basonym Haemobartonella felis). Seventy-two of the cats (16.9 per cent) were positive for 'Candidatus M. haemominutum' alone, six (1.4 per cent) were positive for M. haemofelis alone and one (0.2 per cent) was positive for both. Logistic regression analysis indicated that older male cats were significantly more likely to be infected with 'Candidatus M. haemominutum', but there was no significant association between it and any of the haematological variables measured. M. haemofelis infection was uncommon in the anaemic cats sampled, and there were too few positive cases for multivariable analysis to be performed for M. haemofelis-positive status.  相似文献   

DNA testing for copper toxicosis in Bedlington terriers     

Holmes NG  Binns MM  Herrtage ME 《The Veterinary record》2000,146(25):739

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Infant feeding practices in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China     

Xu F  Binns C  Wu J  Yihan R  Zhao Y  Lee A 《Public health nutrition》2007,10(2):198-202

AIMS: To document infant feeding methods in the first six months of life in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China, 2003-2004. Some problems with breast-feeding in the area are explained. METHODS: A longitudinal study of infant feeding practices was undertaken. A total of 1219 mothers who delivered babies during 2003 and 2004 were interviewed in five hospitals or institutes, and after discharge were contacted in person or by telephone at approximately monthly intervals to obtain details of infant feeding practices. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore factors associated with breast-feeding initiation. RESULTS: 'Any breast-feeding' rates at discharge and at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 6 months were 92.2, 91.3, 89.9, 88.8, 87.7, 86.0 and 73.0%, respectively. 'Exclusive breast-feeding' rates at discharge and at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 6 months were 66.2, 47.6, 30.1, 25.8, 22.1, 13.0 and 6.2%, respectively. The main problem of breast-feeding in Xinjiang was the early introduction of formula or water. The average duration of 'exclusive breast-feeding' was 1.8 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-2.0), of 'full breast-feeding' 2.8 months (95% CI 2.7-2.9) and of 'any breast-feeding' 5.3 months (95% CI 5.2-5.4). CONCLUSIONS: Infant feeding methods in Xinjiang were documented in this study and the main problems with infant feeding in Xinjiang are discussed. Further studies are needed to identify factors associated with 'exclusive breast-feeding' and duration.  相似文献   

The infant feeding practices of mothers in the Maldives     

Abdulraheem R  Binns CW 《Public health nutrition》2007,10(5):502-507

OBJECTIVE: To document the infant feeding practices of Maldivian mothers. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 251 Maldivian mothers recruited in 2004 from the 'well baby' or 'well child' clinics on the island of Male' and including 75 mothers from three other islands, Hura, Himmafushi and Thulusdhoo. RESULTS: The full breast-feeding rate at hospital discharge was 93% but declined to 41% at 4 months. Any breast-feeding rates were high among Maldivian mothers: 100% at 1 month and 85% were still breast-feeding at 6 months. The median duration of breast-feeding was 24 months. CONCLUSION: Breast-feeding rates are high and the average duration of breast-feeding is more than 2 years in the Maldives. Health promotion activities should be directed towards maintaining the already high 'any breast-feeding' rates and increasing the proportion of infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months.  相似文献