Bronchoalveolar lavage in horses: effect of exercise and repeated sampling on cytology     

CK CLARK  GD LESTER  T. VETRO  B. RICE 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(7):249-252

SUMMARY Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed at weekly intervals in 10 Thoroughbred horses in race training (group 1) and in 4 rested horses (group 2) for 10 weeks. Lavages were continued on a weekly basis in 4 group 1 horses for an additional 9 weeks (group 3). Cytological analysis of samples included leukocyte counts, erythrocyte counts, differential leukocyte counts, and haemosiderophage score. The mean leukocyte concentration was significantly lower in group 1(92.1 ± 4.6 cells/μL) when compared with group 2 (133.5 ± 8.2 cells/μL), P = 0.037. The differential leukocyte data were not significantly different between groups. There was a large amount of variability in the percent-age of macrophages and lymphocytes in the differential counts over time with no obvious trends. The proportion of neutrophils demonstrated a tendency to decrease over time for both groups 1 and 2. Erythrocyte counts and haemosiderin scores were significantly higher in the exercising group than the rested horses. Neither exercise nor the technique itself evoked an inflammatory response in the BAL fluid.  相似文献   

Inflammation and increased numbers of bacteria in the lower respiratory tract of horses within 6 to 12 hours of confinement with the head elevated   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

SHARANNE L. RAIDAL  DARIA N. LOVE  GD BAILEY 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(2):45-50

SUMMARY: Confinement of horses with their heads elevated for periods up to 24 hours was used to evaluate the extent and the effects of bacterial contamination of the equine lower respiratory tract. Significant (P < 0.05) increases in bacterial numbers (up to 10⁹ colony forming units/mL in transtracheal aspirate derived samples) occurred within 6 or 12 hours in most horses. Pasteurella/Actinobacillus spp and Streptococcus spp were most commonly isolated. Lowering of the head for 30 minutes every 6 hours to facilitate postural drainage did not prevent multiplication of organisms to levels equivalent to those achieved by horses where the head was elevated for 24 hours. When horses were released from confinement and heads were no longer maintained in an elevated position, clearance of accumulated secretions and bacteria occurred within 8 to 12 hours. Thus, confinement with the head elevated resulted in significant bacterial contamination and multiplication within the lower respiratory tract during a period often encountered in routine management procedures, such as transportation. The clearance of accumulated secretions occurred over a prolonged period after release from such confinement.  相似文献   

Survey of equine castration techniques,preferences and outcomes among Australian veterinarians          下载免费PDF全文

CD Owens  KJ Hughes  BJ Hilbert  J Heller  S Nielsen  GD Trope 《Australian veterinary journal》2018,96(1-2):39-45

Objectives

(1) To collect the perceptions of veterinarians performing equine castrations in Australia on techniques, preferences and outcomes, (2) to investigate veterinarian use and experience with the Henderson castrating instrument and (3) to investigate potential associations between demographics, castration methods and techniques, and complications.

Design

Online survey of members of the Australian Veterinary Association’s Special Interest Group, Equine Veterinarians Australia (EVA).

Methods

A link to the survey was included in the EVA e‐newsletter and practices on the EVA website were contacted by telephone and follow‐up email. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine associations between ligation and complications. A generalised linear model with a negative binomial family was used to determine associations between count response variables and categorical independent variables.

Results

Responses were obtained from 138 veterinarians (response rate, 13.1%) who performed 5330 castrations over 12 months. Castrations were most commonly performed in the field, on anaesthetised horses, using emasculators, via an open approach and without ligation of the spermatic cord. Estimated complications after use of emasculators were swelling (25%), haemorrhage (5%) and infection (5%). The Henderson instrument was used by approximately 10% of respondents and its use for castration was associated with fewer reports of postoperative swelling compared with emasculators (P = 0.002). Rates of evisceration with the Henderson and emasculator methods were comparable (0.43% and 0.9%, respectively).

Conclusion

Castration preferences varied widely among survey participants. Reported complication types and rates were comparable to those reported previously in other countries. Perceptions that the Henderson instrument was associated with less swelling should be investigated further via a prospective controlled investigation.  相似文献   

Surgical correction of double-chambered right ventricle in dogs     

Martin JM  Orton EC  Boon JA  Mama KR  Gaynor JS  Bright JM 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,220(6):770-4, 768

Double-chambered right ventricle (DCRV) is possibly an emerging congenital cardiac anomaly in dogs. The defect causes clinical and pathophysiologic signs similar to those of congenital pulmonic stenosis in dogs but has distinct diagnostic features, breed predilections, and implications for treatment. The defect is often associated with clinical signs early in life. Surgical correction of DCRV can be undertaken with the aid of cardiopulmonary bypass and offers the prospect of an improved clinical outcome.  相似文献   

A comparison of the cytologic and histologic features of meningiomas in four dogs     

Zimmerman KL  Bender HS  Boon GD  Prater MR  Thorn CE  Prater D  Robertson JL  Saunders GK  Sponenberg DP  Inzana KD  Lanz OI  Wright E 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2000,29(1):29-34

Abstract: The cytologic and histologic features of 2 intracranial and 2 spinal (extramedullary cervical) canine meningiomas were compared. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in 2 cases revealed mild, mixed cell pleocytosis, primarily composed of small lymphocytes and monocytoid cells, with a moderate increase in total protein concentration. Cytologic features suggestive of meningioma included cells with both epithelial and mes-enchymal characteristics and a tendency towards cell clustering. Tumor location also was useful in making a diagnosis. The 4 meningiomas differed histologically from one another, and included angioblastic, psam-momatous, meningotheliomatous, and microcystic anaplastic types, which conformed to a classification scheme for human meningiomas. The classification scheme could not be applied to cytologic specimens.  相似文献   

C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin-6 in dogs with pyometra and SIRS     

Boel A. Fransson  DVM  PhD  DACVS    Anne-Sofie Lagerstedt  DVM  PhD    Annika Bergstrom  DVM    Ragnvi Hagman  DVM  MSc  PhD    Jean S. Park  PhD    Boon P. Chew  DVM  PhD    Marc A. Evans  Claude A. Ragle  DVM  DACVS  DABVP 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2007,17(4):373-381

Objective: To determine the frequency of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in canine pyometra and to evaluate the relationship between C‐reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and SIRS. Design: Prospective clinical study. Setting: Veterinary teaching hospital. Animals: Fifty‐three clinical cases of canine pyometra and 19 healthy control bitches. Interventions: Upon admission to the veterinary hospital, history and physical examination findings, including previously defined clinical SIRS parameters, were documented. Blood samples were obtained for hematology and biochemical tests and for CRP, TNFα, and IL‐6 analysis. The diagnosis of pyometra was confirmed by histopathology of the uterus after ovariohysterectomy. After surgery, clinical SIRS parameters, length of hospitalization, and mortality were recorded. Measurements and main results: Pyometra dogs were grouped as SIRS positive (30/53; 57%) or SIRS negative (23/53; 43%). Logistic regression showed that CRP was the only parameter that significantly related to SIRS apart from the clinical criteria that define this syndrome. The mortality rate was low (2/53; 3.8%), and conclusions regarding association with SIRS could not be drawn. A positive SIRS status, high plasma CRP concentration, and high body temperature were variables that related to increased morbidity reflected by the length of hospitalization. Conclusions: SIRS was seen in 57% of canine pyometra cases and a positive SIRS status showed a positive association with prolonged hospitalization. The mortality rate was low (3.3%) among SIRS positive dogs, indicating that progression to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) rarely occurs in surgically treated cases of pyometra. CRP was associated with SIRS and with prolonged hospitalization. Further studies of plasma CRP may be warranted in canine intensive care cases susceptible to development of SIRS and MODS.  相似文献   

T-shaped malformation of the ventral colon in a Thoroughbred filly with colic     

GD Trope  CM Steel 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(8):322-325

A 4-month-old Thoroughbred filly presented for abdominal pain was diagnosed with a T-shaped malformation of the ventral colon at exploratory laparotomy. Following resection and anastomosis of the large colon, no further episodes of abdominal pain occurred during a 12-month follow-up. Acute dehiscence of the linea alba occurred as a complication of the initial laparotomy, but was successfully managed following additional surgical repair. T-shaped malformation of the ventral colon has not previously been reported and is considered a congenital malformation of mesocolon formation.  相似文献   

Influence of salinity and dietary composition on blood parameter values of hybrid red tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus) ×O. mossambicus (Peters)     

M C J Verdegem  A D Hilbrands  J H Boon 《Aquaculture Research》1997,28(6):453-459

The influence of salinity and dietary composition on blood parameter values (haematocrit, leucocrit, immature lymphocytes, mature lymphocytes, granulocytes, plasma osmolarity and total plasma protein) of red hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus) x O. mossambicus (Peters), was studied. Two groups of tilapia were fed a high-protein diet while kept in fresh or brackish water, respectively, and compared with two groups fed a low-protein diet under similar environmental conditions. Treatments were executed in duplo. Results show that salinity influenced all cellular blood parameters except the haematocrit. Dietary composition influenced the total plasma protein and haematocrit, while all parameters changed as time progressed during the experiment. It was concluded that the environmental parameters investigated in the present study should be considered when estimating fish health based on blood parameter values.  相似文献   

The leucogram as an indicator off marine-cultured rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), health in The Netherlands     

I L J A Peutz    R W A Oorschot    G R Johnson    B S Horney  J H Boon 《Aquaculture Research》1996,27(6):437-445

During a longitudinal survey from June until October 1987 cytological blood parameters of smoltified marine cultured rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), were monitored. In this period, the trout were exposed to environmental stress resulting in summer mortality. The statistical analyses showed that the observed summer mortality was preceeded by a shift in the relative abundance of different peripheral white blood cells (PWBCs), from lymphocytic to extremely granulocytic, which was mainly attributed to mature granulocytes. It was concluded that changes in relative abundance of PWBCs can predict health disturbances in marine-cultured rainbow trout.  相似文献   

Association between basal stem rot disease and simple sequence repeat markers in oil palm,Elaeis guineensis Jacq.     

Emad Omer Hama-Ali  Jothi Malar Panandam  Soon Guan Tan  Sharifah Shahrul Rabiah Syed Alwee  Tan Joon Sheong  Ho Chai Ling  Parameswari Namasivayam  Hoh Boon Peng 《Euphytica》2015,202(2):199-206

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