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Crototropone (3-hydroxy-5,6-dimethoxy-2-methylcyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one) was isolated from roots of Croton zehntneri. The structure was established by spectroscopic methods. 相似文献
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V Bracher R von Fellenberg C N Winder G Gruenig M Hermann A Kraehenmann 《Equine veterinary journal》1991,23(2):136-141
The incidence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Switzerland was determined in three groups of horses selected at random. Group A (97 horses) and Group B (93 horses) had no history of respiratory disease, but Group C (113 horses) had a history of lower respiratory tract disease. All horses were examined by auscultation of the respiratory tract under forced breathing, endoscopic examination of the upper and lower respiratory tract, arterial blood gas analysis at rest and cytological examination of respiratory secretions (RS). Fifty-four per cent of the horses in Group A and 54.8 per cent of Group B were diagnosed as suffering clinical COPD and only 12.4 per cent of horses in Group A and 8.6 per cent in Group B had no detectable abnormalities in their lower respiratory tracts. In Group B, 19.4 per cent were considered to be suffering from parasitic pulmonary disease indicated by elevated numbers of eosinophils in their RS. Pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia was exhibited in 70.1 per cent of Group A and 74.2 per cent of Group B. Cytological examination of RS was useful to determine if the secretions found in the trachea originated from the upper or lower respiratory tract. Arterial blood gas analysis revealed no significant differences between healthy horses and those with subclinical or mild COPD. 相似文献
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B Singh VD Dixit P Singh GC Georgie & VP Dixit 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2001,36(3-4):163-167
The study was conducted on six Murrah buffalo synchronized and induced to oestrus. An indwelling catheter was placed in the jugular vein of each buffalo 4 days before the expected onset of the oestrus following the induced oestrus and blood samples were collected at 8 h intervals from each animal throughout the oestrous cycle. Plasma immunoreactive inhibin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol-17β and progesterone were estimated by radioimmunoassay to study the variations in the peripheral levels of these hormones and their inter-relationships in order to elucidate the feedback systems controlling them during the oestrous cycle of buffalo. Plasma inhibin levels ranged between 391.25 and 631.97 pg/ml during various phases of the oestrous cycle and were found to be higher than reported in cows. Peak LH and FSH levels during oestrus were 38.40 ± 9.21 and 24.04 ± 4.75 ng/ml, respectively and estradiol-17β and progesterone were 19.50 ± 5.51 pg/ml and 0.61 ± 0.25 ng/ml, respectively. The mean plasma inhibin concentration on the day of oestrus was 562.5 ± 18.9 pg/ml. Levels of FSH in the plasma showed three mid-cycle elevations which corresponded to comparatively lower inhibin and elevated estradiol-17β levels during the same period. From this observation it was deduced that both inhibin and estradiol-17β have a feed-back regulatory effect on FSH secretion in buffalo. 相似文献
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Caplazi P Melzer K Goetzmann R Rohner-Cotti A Bracher V Zlinszky K Ehrensperger F 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》1999,141(11):521-527
Borna disease (BD) is a rare immunopathological disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) caused by infection with Borna disease virus (BDV) and histologically characterized by mononuclear encephalomyelitis. BD primarily affects equines and sheep in well defined endemic areas of central Europe, but BDV infections have also been reported in other host species including humans, as well as in non endemic regions. In this paper recent data on the pathogenesis of BD are reviewed and the current situation in Switzerland and the Principality of Liechtenstein is summarized. 相似文献
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The new generation of videoendoscopes uses an electronic, instead of an optical, system for image transmission. Advantages over conventional fibre-optic endoscopes include increased image quality, handling robustness and direct display of the image on a TV monitor for multiple simultaneous viewing. In the present study, hysteroscopy was performed on 14 normal fertile Welsh Pony and Thoroughbred mares at various times during the annual and ovarian breeding cycles. Oestrus was characterised by an oedematous, relaxed cervix lying on the floor of the vagina, diffuse oedema of the endometrium and the occasional accumulation of small amounts of clear secretions in the uterine lumen. In dioestrus, the cervix appeared tight and pale and was located in the centre of the vaginal fornix. The endometrium appeared thinner due to the reduction in interstitial fluid, which allowed the underlying blood vessels to become visible, but it still had a glistening surface as a result of endometrial gland secretions. The appearance of the uterotubal papillae reflected the changes in the cervix, being relaxed, pinkish and oedematous during oestrus but remaining pale, tight and erect in dioestrus (between Days 7 and 12 after ovulation). A flexible polythene cannula was passed into the uterine lumen through the working channel of the endoscope for directed collection of uterine fluid for cytological and bacteriological examinations. Site-directed biopsies of the endometrium were taken, with flexible forceps inserted through the working channel of the endoscope, or with rigid forceps passed through the cervix alongside the endoscope. Both methods enabled accurate visual selection of the sampling area but the rigid forceps were preferred due to the larger size of the piece of endometrium recovered. 相似文献
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Franchini M Gill U von Fellenberg R Bracher VD 《American journal of veterinary research》2000,61(11):1369-1374
OBJECTIVE: To analyze effects of hay dust exposure on interleukin-8 (IL-8) concentration, percentage of neutrophils, and neutrophil chemotactic activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ANIMALS: 16 healthy horses and 29 horses with COPD. PROCEDURE: IL-8 concentration, percentage of neutrophils, and neutrophil chemotactic activity in BALF were measured. Values were analyzed with respect to hay dust exposure.These variables were also measured in 5 asymptomatic horses with COPD after the induction of clinical signs by changing feed from silage to hay. RESULTS: L-8 concentrations and chemotactic activity in BALF were greater in horses with COPD, compared with healthy horses, and greater in horses with COPD exposed to hay dust, compared with nonexposed affected horses. An increase in IL-8 concentration accompanied by an increase in percentage of neutrophils in BALF and development of clinical signs of COPD were induced in asymptomatic horses with COPD by changing feed from silage to hay. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Exposure of horses with COPD to hay dust components resulted in an increase in IL-8 secretion at the bronchoalveolar surface. This chemokine may play a role in the pathogenesis of COPD, because it causes neutrophil accumulation in the bronchoalveolar space. Our results underscore the importance of eliminating dust sources for the treatment and prevention of COPD in horses. 相似文献