Key Factors Affecting Reproductive Success of Thoroughbred Mares and Stallions on a Commercial Stud Farm          下载免费PDF全文

EA Lane  MLJ Bijnen  M Osborne  SJ More  ISF Henderson  P Duffy  MA Crowe 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(2):181-187

To evaluate factors contributing to fertility of thoroughbred mares, data from 3743 oestrous periods of 2385 mares were collected on a large thoroughbred farm in Ireland. Fourteen stallions (mean age 8.3 years; range 4–15 years) had bred 2385 mares (mean age 9.4 years; range 3–24 years). Maiden mares accounted for 12%, mares with a foal at foot for 64%, and barren, slipped or rested mares for 24% of the total. The mean pregnancy rate per cycle was 67.8% (68.6% in year 1 and 66.9% in year 2). Backward stepwise multivariable logistic regression analysis was utilized to develop two models to evaluate mare factors, including mare age, reproductive status, month of foaling, dystocia, month of cover, foal heat, cycle number, treatments, walk‐in status and stallion factors including stallion identity, stallion age, shuttle status, time elapsed between covers and high stallion usage on the per cycle pregnancy rate and pregnancy loss. Old age (p < 0.001) and cover within 20 days post‐partum (p < 0.003) were associated with lowered pregnancy rates. High mare age (p < 0.05) and barren, slipped or rested reproductive status (p = 0.05) increased the likelihood of pregnancy loss. Uterine inflammation or infection, if appropriately treated, did not affect fertility. Only high usage of stallions (used more than 21 times in previous week) was associated with lowered (p = 0.009) pregnancy rates. However, shuttle stallions were more likely to have increased (p = 0.035) pregnancy survival, perhaps reflecting a bias in stallion selection. In conclusion, mare age exerted the greatest influence on fertility; nonetheless, thoroughbreds can be effectively managed to achieve high reproductive performance in a commercial setting.  相似文献   

The effects of simulated frost on black currant (Ribes nigrum L.)     

R. M. Brennan 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):607-612

Pot plants of 12 black currant genotypes were assessed in frost simulation chambers for their tolerance of spring frosts during the flowering period. The most tolerant were some genotypes from the UK and Scandinavia. The inheritance of tolerance may be complex rather than simply additive. The results indicate that physiological frost hardiness at flowering is needed as well as later flowering, particularly when breeding for early ripening cultivars.  相似文献   

The effects of vaccination of Merino ewes with an attenuated Australian bluetongue virus serotype 23 at different stages of gestation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. FLANAGAN  SJ JOHNSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(12):455-457

SUMMARY A cell culture attenuated Australian bluetongue virus serotype 23 (BLU23) prototype vaccine was assessed for its effects on pregnant Merino sheep. Seventy-six ewes were vaccinated at 5 different stages of gestation, and the failure to lamb at term was as follows: 35 to 43 days of gestation, 20/36 (56%); 57 to 64 days of gestation, 3/10 (30%); 81 to 88 days of gestation, 3/10 (30%); 109 to 116 days of gestation, 0/10 (0%); 130 to 137 days of gestation, 0/10 (0%). Of 30 ewes vaccinated with a cell culture supernatant fluid control between 35 and 43 days of gestation, 6.7% (2/30) failed to lamb at term. Two ewes vaccinated with BLU23 vaccine between 35 and 43 days of gestation had lambs with hydranencephaly. All other lambs born were clinically normal. Three ewes vaccinated with BLU23 aborted. Two of these were vaccinated between 35 and 43 days of gestation, the 3rd between 81 and 88 days of gestation. Five lambs were born with BLU group antibody. Four of these were from ewes vaccinated between 35 and 43 days of gestation, and 2 of these had hydranencephaly. The fifth was from a ewe vaccinated between 57 and 64 days of gestation. The vaccine did not produce disease in adult sheep, but was a potent cause of early foetal death and to a much lesser extent foetal malformation.  相似文献   

Gram-negative Mastitis in Early Lactation May Interfere with Ovarian and Certain Endocrine Functions and Metabolism in Dairy Cows   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G Huszenicza  S Jánosi  M Kulcsár  P Kóródi  SJ Dieleman  J Bartyik  P Rudas  P Ribiczei-Szabó 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1998,33(3-4):147-153

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Recovery of insulin sensitivity in mature horses after a 3 week course of dexamethasone therapy     

K. M. Brennan  K. L. Urschel 《Equine veterinary journal》2014,46(6):718-721

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Lagenidium callinectes (Couch, 1942) infection and its control in cultured larval Indian tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon Fabricius     

P Ramasamy  P R Rajan  R Jayakumar  S Rani  G P Brennan 《Journal of fish diseases》1996,19(1):75-82

A mycosis in larval tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon Fabricius, is described for the first time from India. The hyphae of Lagenidium callinectes are contorted, irregularly branched, sparingly septate, and contain a cell wall and membrane, vacuoles, mito chondria, ribosomes, small and large vesicles, and Woronin bodies. The spores occur singly or in pairs. The fungal mycelium may either invade and embed itself in the tissues, or alternatively, replace all the muscle tissues of the infected larval P. monodon. Fungus infected, untreated populations of nauplii, zoea and myksis exhibited mortalities of 5.33 ± 0.55%, 24.68 ± 4.58% and 47.89 ± 0.27%, respectively. A 0.5 ppm treatment with trifluralin significantly reduced the mortality of infected larval populations (i.e. 1.1% nauplii, 3.28% zoea and 5.21% myksis mortality). Lagenidium sp. exhibited growth in potato dextrose agar medium and in Sabouraud's agar at 28 °C.  相似文献   

Genotypic variation in fatty acid content of blackcurrant seeds.     

M L Ruiz del Castillo  G Dobson  R Brennan  S Gordon 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(2):332-335

The fatty acid composition and total fatty acid content of seeds from 36 blackcurrant genotypes developed at the Scottish Crop Research Institute were examined. A rapid small-scale procedure, involving homogenization of seeds in toluene followed by sodium methoxide transesterification and gas chromatography, was used. There was considerable variation between genotypes. The gamma-linolenic acid content generally varied from 11 to 19% of the total fatty acids, but three genotypes had higher values of 22-24%, levels previously not reported for blackcurrant seed and similar to those for borage seed. Other nutritionally important fatty acids, stearidonic acid and alpha-linolenic acid, varied from 2 to 4% and 10-19%, respectively. The mean total fatty acid contents ranged from 14 to 23% of the seed, but repeatability was poor. The results are discussed. Blackcurrant seeds are mainly byproducts from juice production, and the study shows the potential for developing blackcurrant genotypes with optimal added value.  相似文献   

Accumulation of Cadmium by Lupin Species as Affected by Cd Application to Acidic Yellow Sand     

R. F. Brennan  S. S. Mann 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2005,167(1-4):243-258

Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in the aboveground parts of grain crops, and cultivar variation in uptake are of significant concern in the food supply chain. A glasshouse experiment on an acidic yellow sand was conducted to determine the effect of applied cadmium (0, 0.83, 1.67, 2.5, 3.35 mg Cd kg^?1 soil) on the grain yield of Lupinus angustifolius L. (narrow-leafed lupin; cv. Gungurru) and Lupinus luteus L. (yellow lupin) cultivars, and the concentration and uptake (content) of cadmium by stems and grain. The addition of Cd decreased the grain yield of all varieties of yellow lupin, except Teo-105. However, the grain yield of narrow-leafed lupin was not significantly (p = 0.05) reduced by the addition of Cd to the soil. The grain yield of yellow lupin varieties of P283553 and 94017-3 decreased by 50–60% by the addition of Cd compared to other varieties (Wodjil, 94DO19-1) where grain yield decreased by about 10% with Cd application. Cadmium concentration in plant stems and grain and the content of Cd in lupin plants increased markedly with increasing levels of Cd in the soil. The increase in Cd concentration in stems and grain with the addition of Cd was always higher in yellow lupin than for narrow-leafed lupin. The Cd concentration in the grain of narrow-leafed lupin was about 40% of that of yellow lupin. The concentration of Cd in the stem at maturity was always higher than the Cd concentration in the grain for both Lupinus species. Yellow lupin, except 94DO19-1 had higher concentration of Cd in grain where no Cd was applied to the soil. However, compared to narrow-leafed lupin, all yellow lupin varieties had higher concentration of Cd in grain where Cd was applied to the soil.  相似文献   

Crystal structure of a naturally occurring dinucleoside monophosphate: uridylyl (3',5') adenosine hemihydrate   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J Rubin  T Brennan  M Sundaralingam 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1971,174(13):1020-1022

The crystal structure of uridylyl (3',5') adenosine hemihydrate has been analyzed by x-ray diffraction. The two independent molecules found in the asymmetric unit exhibit conformations that differ significantly from those found in double-helical RNA. The conformational information obtained from this analysis provides considerable insight into the possible conformations of nonhelical "loop" regions of transfer RNA, as well as single-stranded regions of nucleic acids in general.  相似文献   

Age differences in infants' attention to patterns of different complexities   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

W M Brennan  E W Ames  R W Moore 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1966,151(708):354-356

Infants 3 weeks, 8 weeks, and 14 weeks old were presented with checkerboard patterns which differed in the number of squares they contained. The older the infants, the more complex was the checkerboard that they looked at longest. This result does not appear to depend on changes in visual acuity or accommodation related to age.  相似文献