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1.
Buddhi Marambe Siril Wijesundara Kushan Tennakoon Dhammika Pindeniya Chandana Jayasinghe 《Weed Biology and Management》2002,2(2):79-83
The growth and development of Cuscuta chinensis Lam., and the effects of the holoparasite on the growth and yield of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ), chilli ( Capsicum annuum ) and rice ( Oryza sativa ) were investigated in pot experiments under glasshouse conditions. 'Mature' and 'immature' seeds of C. chinensis showed 15 and 47% germination, respectively. The independent life duration of seedlings from 'immature' seeds was 6 days shorter than 'mature' seeds (19 days). Cuscuta chinensis formed haustoria on chilli and tomato, but not on rice seedlings. Infection with three C. chinensis seedlings per host plant reduced leaf area, dry weight, carbon and nitrogen content by 78–84% and 27–44% in tomato and chilli plants, respectively. Dry weight of C. chinensis was 0.63 g per pot in tomato, and 0.24 g per pot in chilli. Carbon and nitrogen content of C. chinensis was 0.189 and 0.028 g per pot, respectively, when grown with tomato. When it was grown with chilli, the carbon and nitrogen content of C. chinensis was 0.001 and 0.007 g per pot, respectively. Cuscuta chinensis reduced the fruit yield of tomato and chilli by 72 and 29%, respectively. The results indicated that tomato is a preferred host of C. chinensis compared with chilli, and rice is not preferred. In the host–parasite associations, C. chinensis suppressed growth and yield of chilli and tomato by diverting the elaborated products of metabolism of the hosts. 相似文献
2.
A rapid MTT colorimetric assay to assess the proliferative index of two Indian strains of Theileria annulata 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Saravanan BC Sreekumar C Bansal GC Ray D Rao JR Mishra AK 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,113(3-4):211-216
A study was undertaken to compare the proliferative index of macroschizont-infected lymphoblastoid cells of two Indian strains [Izatnagar (IZT) and Parbhani (PBN)] of Theileria annulata by an in vitro MTT [3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide], colorimetric assay. Culture conditions were standardized to define the optimal cell concentration in 96-well microculture plates to yield nearly 100% living cells for measurement of the metabolized formazan activity. A cell concentration of 1.5x10(5) cells/ml was found to be optimal for effective discrimination of the parasite strains. On the basis of conversion of MTT by the actively proliferating lymphoblastoid cells, the PBN strain of T. annulata stimulated a 2.5-fold increase in formazan activity in comparison to the IZT strain. The in vitro MTT assay was found to be a simple and convenient method for assessing the cell activation rate and growth, obviating the need for radioactive material for the assay. The results of the proliferation assay are discussed in relation to previously documented information on the biological characteristics of this important pathogen of cattle. 相似文献
3.
Muthusamy Ranjithkumar Buddhi Chandrasekaran Saravanan Suresh Chandra Yadav Rajender Kumar Rajendra Singh Sahadeb Dey 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(2):371-377
Trypanosoma evansi infection typically produces wasting disease, but it can also develop into a neurological or meningoencephalitis form in equids. Trypanosomiasis in horses was treated with quinapyramine sulfate, and all the 14 infected animals were recovered clinically. After clinical recovery, four animals developed a neurological form of the disease at various intervals. Two of these animals treated with diminazene aceturate recovered temporarily. Repeated attempts failed to find the parasite in the blood or the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), but all of the animals were positive in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The calculation of the antibody index (AI) in the serum and the CSF and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the CSF and brain tissue were carried out to confirm the neuro-infection. We found PCR and AI analyses of the CSF to be useful tools in the diagnosis of the neurological form of trypanosomiasis when the organism cannot be found in the blood or CSF. The increased albumin quotient is indicative of barrier leakage due to neuroinflammation. The biochemical changes in the CSF due to nervous system trypanosomiasis include increases in the albumin quotient, total protein, and urea nitrogen. It seems to be the first report on relapse of the nervous form of trypanosomiasis in equids even after quinapyramine treatment in endemic areas. 相似文献
4.
Development of an Indirect ELISA for the Detection of Antibodies against Peste-des-petits-ruminants Virus in Small Ruminants 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Balamurugan V Singh RP Saravanan P Sen A Sarkar J Sahay B Rasool TJ Singh RK 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(3):355-364
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute, febrile, highly contagious and economically important viral disease of small
ruminants. A polyclonal antibody based indirect ELISA was developed for detection of antibodies to PPR virus in the serum
samples of goats and sheep using purified PPR viral antigen propogated in Vero cell culture. A threshold (cut-off) value was
set as twice the mean of the negative population based on the distribution of known negative serum samples in respect of PPR
virus antibodies in the test. A total of 1544 serum samples from goats and sheep were screened by indirect ELISA and competitive
ELISA. The indirect ELISA compared very well with competitive ELISA, with a high degree of specificity (95.09%) and sensitivity
(90.81%). When compared with virus neutralization test, the present assay had 100% specificity and 80% sensitivity. With serum
samples, the assay could clearly differentiate animals from the infected population from uninfected ones. These results suggest
that the indirect ELISA may be a good alternative tool to competitive ELISA for seroepidemiological surveys. 相似文献
5.
Lopatto D Alvarez C Barnard D Chandrasekaran C Chung HM Du C Eckdahl T Goodman AL Hauser C Jones CJ Kopp OR Kuleck GA McNeil G Morris R Myka JL Nagengast A Overvoorde PJ Poet JL Reed K Regisford G Revie D Rosenwald A Saville K Shaw M Skuse GR Smith C Smith M Spratt M Stamm J Thompson JS Wilson BA Witkowski C Youngblom J Leung W Shaffer CD Buhler J Mardis E Elgin SC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,322(5902):684-685
6.
Li R Mitra N Gratkowski H Vilaire G Litvinov R Nagasami C Weisel JW Lear JD DeGrado WF Bennett JS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5620):795-798
Transmembrane helices of integrin alpha and beta subunits have been implicated in the regulation of integrin activity. Two mutations, glycine-708 to asparagine-708 (G708N)and methionine-701 to asparagine-701, in the transmembrane helix of the beta3 subunit enabled integrin alphaIIbbeta3 to constitutively bind soluble fibrinogen. Further characterization of the G708N mutant revealed that it induced alphaIIbbeta3 clustering and constitutive phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase. This mutation also enhanced the tendency of the transmembrane helix to form homotrimers. These results suggest that homomeric associations involving transmembrane domains provide a driving force for integrin activation. They also suggest a structural basis for the coincidence of integrin activation and clustering. 相似文献
7.
S Chandrasekaran K Hizat Z Saad M Y Johara P C Yeap 《The British veterinary journal》1991,147(5):437-443
The effectiveness of an oil adjuvant vaccine (OAV) incorporating locally isolated strains of Pasteurella haemolytica type 7 and Pasteurella multocida types A and D was compared with that of Carovax (Wellcome Laboratories) in imported cross-bred lambs. The criterion of efficacy was the ability of the vaccines to reduce the extent of pneumonic lesions in vaccinated as against unvaccinated control lambs. The OAV produced at this Institute significantly reduced the lung lesions at P less than 0.05 level compared with its control group when challenged with P. haemolytica alone. However, the vaccine was unsatisfactory against P. multocida or combined P. multocida P. haemolytica challenge. Carovax did not produce any significant reduction in the lung lesions caused by P. haemolytica and/or P. multocida. 相似文献
8.
Analysis of the matrix protein gene sequence of the Asian lineage of peste-des-petits ruminants vaccine virus 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Muthuchelvan D Sanyal A Sreenivasa BP Saravanan P Dhar P Singh RP Singh RK Bandyopadhyay SK 《Veterinary microbiology》2006,113(1-2):83-87
The M gene nucleotide sequence of an Indian peste-des-petits ruminants (PPRV) vaccine virus ("PPRV Sungri/96") belonging to Asian lineage was determined. The gene is 1476 nucleotides long with a single open reading frame (ORF). The nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence was compared with the homologous region of the African Lineage Vaccine virus "PPRV/Nigeria/75/1". The nucleotide sequence of the "PPRV Sungri/96" was 86% identical to that of "PPRV/Nigeria/75/1", while a homology of 93% and 95% could be observed in the ORF and amino acids level, respectively. The M gene encodes a protein of 335 amino acids, with a predicted molecular weight (MW) of 37.8 kDa. The ORF is flanked by a 3' untranslated region of 436 nucleotides and a high level of sequence divergence (approximately 30%) could be observed in this region between the vaccine viruses of Asian and African lineages. A high degree of conservation of several amino acids of this protein observed previously was also confirmed in this study. 相似文献
9.
Pitchai Palaniappan Puneet Singh Chauhan Venkatakrishnan Sivaraj Saravanan Rangasamy Anandham Tongmin Sa 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2010,46(8):807-816
Thirty-nine endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from the nodule of Lespedeza sp. grown in two different locations of South Korea. All strains were checked for their plant growth promoting (PGP) abilities under in vitro conditions. Most of the isolates showed multiple PGP activity, i.e., indole acetic acid production, ACC deaminase activity, siderophore production, and phosphate solubilization. The strains were identified by using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as belonging to Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes phylum with nine different genera Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Bradyrhizobium, Burkholderia, Dyella, Methylobacterium, Microbacterium, Rhizobium, and Staphylococcus. Gene nodA amplification showed positive results only for strains from Bradyrhizobium and Rhizobium genera. The strains from Bradyrhizobium and Rhizobium genera enhanced plant growth, nodulation, and acetylene reduction activity when inoculated on Vigna unguiculata L. (cowpea), whereas other strains did not induce nodule formation but enhanced plant growth. Herbaceous legume Lespedeza sp. formed root nodules with diverse bacterial group, and probably, these bacteria can be used for stimulating plant growth. 相似文献
10.