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Seven wild and ten cultivated blackberries (Arapaho, Bartin, Black Satin, Bursa 1, Bursa 2, Cherokee, Chester, Jumbo, Navaho, and Ness), and six lowbush (Vaccinium arctostaphylos) and four highbush (Vaccinium corymbosum) blueberries fruits (Ivanhoe, Jersey, Northland, and Rekord) were analyzed for total anthocyanins, total phenolics, and antioxidant activity as ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in this study. The respective ranges of total anthocyanin and total phenolic contents of the tested samples were: blackberries, 0.95–1.97 and 1.73–3.79 mg g−1 and blueberries, 0.18–2.94 and 0.77–5.42 mg g−1. FRAP values varied from 35.05 to 70.41 μmol g−1 for blackberries, 7.41 to 57.92 μmol g−1 for blueberries. Wild blackberries had the highest FRAP values while wild blueberries had the highest total phenolic and total anthocyanin contents. A linear relationship was observed between FRAP values and total phenolics for blueberries (r = 0.981). The anthocyanin pigments in samples were isolated and characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV–visible detection. Cyn-3-glu was the predominant anthocyanin in all blackberry fruits. 相似文献
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Nimet Sema Gencer Nabi Alper Kumral H. Ozkan Sivritepe Melis Seidi Hilal Susurluk Bulent Senturk 《Phytoparasitica》2009,37(3):217-224
The spider mites Tetranychus urticae Koch and Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Tetranychidae) cause severe economic losses to vegetable farms and deciduous fruit orchards in Turkey. One of their
predators, the ladybird beetle Stethorus gilvifrons (Muls.) (Col., Coccinellidae), aggregates on mite-infested patches of plants. The present study assessed whether there is
a role for herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) and/or odors emitted directly from these two mite species in the aggregative
response of ladybird beetles. The olfactory responses of the predator females to volatiles from T. urticae- and/or P. ulmi-infested sweet pepper (four cultivars, viz. ‘Demre’, ‘Yalova Carliston’, ‘Kandil Dolma’ and ‘Yag Biberi’), kidney bean (cv.
‘Barbunya’) and apple (M9 rootstock) were investigated using a two-choice olfactometer. Our results showed that HIPVs emitted
from both T. urticae- and P. ulmi-infested plants significantly attracted S. gilvifrons adults for all plants except the sweet pepper cv. Yag Biberi. In addition, it was found that volatiles from apple plants
infested by T. urticae and, especially, P. ulmi are more attractive for S. gilvifrons females than those emitted by other infested plants. The results also suggest that the odors of T. urticae adults and their products might influence the attraction of S. gilvifrons females. 相似文献
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Alper YILMAZ Bulent EKIZ Mustafa OZCAN Cuneyt KAPTAN Hulya HANOGLU Mesut YILDIRIR 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(4):460-467
The aim of study was to investigate the effect of genotype on carcass measurements and meat quality characteristics of purebred Hair Goat, Saanen × Hair Goat (F1 and B1 ) kids under an intensive production system. In total, 24 kids were slaughtered at the age of approximately 133 days. Kids were fattened for 56 days immediately after weaning. Hot carcass weights were 6.78, 7.61 and 7.02 kg and dressing percentages were 49.71, 49.27 and 48.78%, respectively ( P > 0.05). Differences between genotypes for carcass measurements and indexes were not significant. Effect of genotype on pH measurements, drip loss, water holding capacity, cooking loss and Warner Bratzler shear force values were not significant. Meat lightness values at 0 h, 1 h and 1 day after cutting were higher in crossbred kids than Hair Goat kids ( P < 0.05). Redness value was significantly higher in meat samples of Hair goat kids at 0 h, 1 h and 1 day measurements ( P < 0.05). Kid genotype had no significant effect on meat sensory characteristics, except tenderness. Panelists gave lower scores for meat tenderness to F1 and B1 crosses compared to purebred Hair Goat kids. In conclusion, higher meat lightness values of crossbred kids, at particularly B1 level, might have a positive effect on the consumer choices. 相似文献
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Ulutas B Bayramli G Ulutas PA Karagenc T 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2005,34(2):144-147
BACKGROUND: Serum concentrations of acute phase proteins can provide valuable diagnostic information in the detection, prognosis, or monitoring of disease. Information available on the acute phase response in naturally occurring canine babesiosis is limited. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this investigation was to retrospectively evaluate serum concentrations of haptoglobin, C-reactive protein, and ceruloplasmin in dogs naturally infected with Babesia canis. METHODS: Haptoglobin, C-reactive protein, and ceruloplasmin concentrations were measured in serum samples from dogs with uncomplicated (n = 6) and complicated (n = 1) babesiosis and compared with 6 healthy dogs. RESULTS: Serum C-reactive protein and ceruloplasmin concentrations were significantly higher in dogs with babesiosis; however, serum haptoglobin concentration was significantly lower compared with control dogs (P <.01). CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study suggest that acute phase protein concentrations could be beneficial in the diagnosis and determination of the severity of babesiosis in dogs. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to evaluate influence of steam treatment on surface quality and hardness of eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana L.). Defect-free samples with dimensions of 40 mm by 50 mm in by 20 mm were used for the tests. Specimens were exposed to steam having a temperature of 130 °C for 1-h and 3-h periods of time. Surface roughness of the samples at initial and exposed conditions was determined using stylus type equipment across the grain orientation on tangential surface of each sample. Janka hardness of the control and treated samples was also determined on Comten testing system. Based on the findings in this work, no significance was found between surface roughness values of the specimens steamed for 1 and 3 h. However, both types of steamed specimens had higher average roughness values ranging from 52 and 60 % than those of control samples. It appears that 3-h steaming adversely influenced hardness of the samples reducing its 9 % as compared to those of control samples. Densification effect of steaming on the samples was also evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and it was determined that steaming had some crushing effect on the cell wall. 相似文献
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Funda Yoldas Safak Ceylan Bulent Yagmur Nilgun Mordogan 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(7):1333-1343
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to determine the effects of nitrogen (N) doses on yield, quality, and nutrient content in broccoli heads. Treatments consisted of 0, 150, 300, 450, and 600 kg N ha? 1. Nitrogen rates significantly increased yield, average weight of main and secondary heads, and the diameter in broccoli compared to control. The highest total yield (34631 kg ha? 1) was obtained at 300 kg N ha? 1. At harvest, the highest amount of the total N in broccoli heads was measured at 450 kg N ha? 1 application. Potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) content increased with increases in nitrogen treatments but, phosphorus (P), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), boron (B), and sodium (Na) contents were not influenced. Also, removed nutrients by broccoli head were highest at 300 kg ha? 1N rate. 相似文献
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This study was conducted to determine the genetic diversity and relationship among 256 groundnut genotypes of which 132 belong to subsp. hypogaea (Arachis hypogaea L.) and 124 to subsp. fastigiata (Arachis fastigiata L.). The collection was evaluated for eight quantitative and five qualitative traits during three consecutive years under Mediterranean climate conditions. Coefficient of variation (CV) significantly differed among the genotypes for all the studied quantitative traits ranged from 9.10 to 33.98%, while the highest CV was recorded for seed yield. The subspecies of hypogaea and fastigiata displayed significant differences for quantitative traits except for numbers of pods per plant and seed yield. Principal component analyses showed that the first three principal components accounted for 68.14% variation for quantitative traits. Major traits that accounted for the variation by the three principal components (PCs) include days to the first flowering, days to 50% flowering, number of pods per plant and shelling percentage. The groundnut collection also offers wide seed coat color diversity which affects the crop marketability. The information on variations in quantitative and qualitative traits identified in the present investigation provided useful genotypes which would be serving parents. These parental genotypes can be used in groundnut breeding programs to develop desirable cultivars in Mediterranean Basin and globally. 相似文献
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Fires have a noteworthy role to play with regards to ecological and environmental losses in Mediterranean forests. In addition to ecological impacts, fire may create economic, social as well as cultural changes. The detection of fire-scars has critical importance to help decrease losses. In the present study, forest fires recorded in Antalya, one of the most important ecological and tourist regions within the Western Mediterranean, were clustered and mapped. Since the dominant factors and devastation records derived from the cases had nominal-scaled properties, a categorical data-based nonparametric clustering algorithm was performed in this evaluation. The proposed tool, k-modes algorithm, uses modes instead of means for clustering. The algorithm may be implemented quickly and does not make distributional assumptions concerning the available data. It uses a frequency-based method to update the modes of the fires. The derived modes from the maps may be useful information for local authorities to manage. In conclusion, the proposed nonparametric clustering procedure may be employed to build a decision-support system to monitor and identify fire activities and to enhance fire management efficiency. 相似文献