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RM Jerram CG Warman ESS Davies MC Robson AM Walker 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4):197-201
CASE HISTORY A 3-year-old male Labrador retriever was presented with a history of dietary indiscretion followed by vomiting and abdominal pain. CLINICAL FINDINGS AND TREATMENT: Abdominal ultrasonography revealed the presence of a fluid-filled cystic structure in the region of the pancreas. Flocculent, dark fluid was drained from the cystic structure during exploratory celiotomy prior to resection of the lateral cystic wall. Omentum was sutured into the cystic cavity to provide drainage and enhance immune response. A jejunostomy feeding tube was placed. Post-surgical care consisted of antibiotic therapy. The dog was clinically normal at 1 and 7 months post-operatively and the pancreas appeared normal on final ultrasonographic examination. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This case describes the use of omentum to provide physiological drainage of a pancreatic pseudocyst. This surgical technique may help clinicians manage patients with this condition in the future. 相似文献
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Mariëlle L. van Toor Bart Kranstauber Scott H. Newman Diann J. Prosser John Y. Takekawa Georgios Technitis Robert Weibel Martin Wikelski Kamran Safi 《Landscape Ecology》2018,33(6):879-893
Context
High-resolution animal movement data are becoming increasingly available, yet having a multitude of empirical trajectories alone does not allow us to easily predict animal movement. To answer ecological and evolutionary questions at a population level, quantitative estimates of a species’ potential to link patches or populations are of importance.Objectives
We introduce an approach that combines movement-informed simulated trajectories with an environment-informed estimate of the trajectories’ plausibility to derive connectivity. Using the example of bar-headed geese we estimated migratory connectivity at a landscape level throughout the annual cycle in their native range.Methods
We used tracking data of bar-headed geese to develop a multi-state movement model and to estimate temporally explicit habitat suitability within the species’ range. We simulated migratory movements between range fragments, and calculated a measure we called route viability. The results are compared to expectations derived from published literature.Results
Simulated migrations matched empirical trajectories in key characteristics such as stopover duration. The viability of the simulated trajectories was similar to that of the empirical trajectories. We found that, overall, the migratory connectivity was higher within the breeding than in wintering areas, corroborating previous findings for this species.Conclusions
We show how empirical tracking data and environmental information can be fused for meaningful predictions of animal movements throughout the year and even outside the spatial range of the available data. Beyond predicting migratory connectivity, our framework will prove useful for modelling ecological processes facilitated by animal movement, such as seed dispersal or disease ecology.4.
Reduction in the mRNA expression of sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2 is associated with the selection of dominant follicle in cows 
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下载免费PDF全文 PV Ortega Serrano A Guzmán CG Hernández–Coronado H Castillo‐Juárez AM Rosales‐Torres 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(6):985-991
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is essential for follicular development by promoting follicular angiogenesis, as well as for the proliferation and survival of granulosa cells. The biological effects of VEGF are regulated by two membrane receptors, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, and two soluble receptors, sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2, which play an antagonistic role. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the mRNA expression pattern of total VEGF, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2 in bovine preselected follicles (PRF) and post‐selected follicles (POF). The mRNA expression of these five genes in both granulosa cells (GC) and theca cells (TC) was compared between follicles classified as PRF and POF based on their diameter and on their ratio of estradiol/progesterone (E2/P4). Results showed a lower expression of mRNA of sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2 in POF than in PRF (p < .05). Regarding the mRNA expression of total VEGF, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, there was no difference between POF and PRF follicles (p > .05). Our results showed that the mRNA expression of VEGFR2 and sVEGFR1 was more abundant than the expression of VEGFR1 and sVEGFR2, while GC was the main source of mRNA for total VEGF. On the other hand, TC was the follicular compartment where the receptors were most expressed. Our results suggest that non‐dominant follicles maintain a greater concentration of the mRNA expression of both membrane and soluble VEGF receptors. On the other hand, follicular dominance is related to a reduction in the mRNA expression of sVEGFR1 and sVEGFR2, which may favour VEGF binding with VEGFR2 and, hence, improve the follicular health and development. 相似文献
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Kate L. Baker Silke Langenheder Graeme W. Nicol Dean Ricketts Kenneth Killham Colin D. Campbell James I. Prosser 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2009,41(11):2292-2298
Soil physicochemical properties and microbial communities are highly heterogeneous and vary widely over spatial scales, necessitating careful consideration of sampling strategies to provide representative and reproducible soil samples across field sites. To achieve this, the study aimed to establish appropriate sampling methodology and to determine links between the variability of parameters, utilising two sampling strategies. The first (design 1) involved extracting 25 cores from random locations throughout the field and pooling them into five sets of five cores. The second (design 2) involved a further 25 cores within five 1 m2 sub-plots. Sub-samples from each sub-plot were pooled in order to determine between and within sub-plot variability. All samples were analysed independently and as pooled sub-samples. Results indicate that pooling spatially separated samples significantly reduced the variability in pH, compared to individual samples. Pooling samples from a small area resulted in lower within sub-plot variability than between sub-plots for pH and bacterial community composition assessed by terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Following multivariate statistical analysis, a large amount of variation in community composition was explained by soil pH, which is remarkable given the relatively small size of the sampling area and minor differences in pH. Moisture content was also important in determining bacterial communities in the random design (design 1). In the 1 m2 sub-plot design (design 2), the spatial location of the plots explained a large degree of the variation in bacterial community composition between plots, which was due to spatial autocorrelation of pH and possible additional environmental parameters. This study emphasises the importance of sampling design for obtaining representative samples from soil. 相似文献
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Seizures during medetomindine sedation and local anaesthesia in two dogs undergoing skin biopsy 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Each of two dogs presented for multiple skin biopsies were sedated with intravenous medetomidine and lignocaine was injected subcutaneously to provide local anaesthesia for skin biopsy. One dog had a seizure during skin biopsy and again immediately following reversal of medetomidine with atipamezole. The other dog developed seizures 2 h following skin biopsy at which time the medetomidine was reversed with atipamezole. Both dogs were neurologically normal with no history of seizures prior to the procedure and remained neurologically normal for 14 weeks and 9 months, respectively, following the procedure. A drug interaction between the α2 -adrenergic agonist medetomidine and lignocaine is suspected and highlights the potential for seizures following the subcutaneous administration of relatively large doses of lignocaine under medetomidine sedation. 相似文献
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A.J. Hodgkinson E.A. Carpenter C.S. Smith P.C. Molan C.G. Prosser 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2009,131(1-2):110-116
Changes to adhesion molecule expression and lymphocyte populations were evaluated in alveolar mammary tissue collected from cows following an immunisation protocol that involved intra-mammary inoculation to induce an IgA response in mammary secretions. The right quarters of the udder were immunised; the left side acted as a control. Antibody titres in secretions showed that at least two animals responded with antigen-specific IgA. Numbers of T-lymphocytes were 4-fold higher in immunised glands compared with controls (P < 0.05). IgA-, IgM- and IgG-positive cell numbers were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in immunised glands compared with controls in three of the four cows. No mucosal addressin molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1), vascular cell-adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) or peripheral node addressin (PNAd) protein expression was detected on smaller venules that stained positively for von Willebrand factor in alveolar mammary tissues, from either immunised or control glands. Both VCAM-1 and PNAd were detected on smaller venules in supramammary lymph nodes, however, there was no significant difference between immunised and control glands. Quantification of MAdCAM-1 mRNA showed very low expression in both immunised and control alveolar tissue compared with Peyer's patch positive-control tissue. These findings suggest that the bovine mammary gland is capable of a mucosal antibody response; however, MAdCAM-1 is not involved with lymphocyte homing to the mammary gland in this species. 相似文献
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ANC Castro MC Díaz GJ Mendoza‐Torres CA Llerena‐Zavala MD Ghezzi CG Barbeito 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(3):655-666
The breeding of South American camelids is the main economic activity of the high Andean region of South America and it, is potentially, the most profitable resource in of the Puna environmental conditions of the Puna. The duration of the gestation in alpaca is 339.7 ± 12 days. The objective of the present work was to macroscopically and microscopically describe the ontogenic development of the splanchnic cavities of the alpaca and to determine the gestational time in which the post‐cranial ossification centers are observed in the embryos/fetuses of this species, from day 21 to 107 of gestation. The documentation of normal ontogenic development, which is vacant for this period, is of the utmost importance to understand the consequences of the alterations at the different gestational times, as well as for the estimation of the gestational age in the case of abortions. Forty‐seven alpaca specimens of both sexes, at different times of their gestational development, collected during slaughter at local slaughterhouses of the Department of Huancavelica, Peru, were evaluated. Specimens were assigned to seven groups according to their morphological characteristics. The embryogenesis in the alpaca was characterized by a series of changes comparable to those occurring in other mammals with similar gestational periods. Despite these similarities, species differences were found in some organs as stomach, which are observed too in adult individuals. 相似文献
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C.W. Prosser G.L. Anderson L.E. Wendel R.D. Richard B.R. Redlin 《Integrated Pest Management Reviews》2002,7(1):47-62
The Ecological Areawide Management (TEAM) Leafy Spurge project is a United States Department of Agriculture and Agricultural Research Service (USDA–ARS) regional, Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program focused on the Little Missouri River drainage in the states of North and South Dakota, Montana, and Wyoming, U.S.A. TEAM Leafy Spurge project represents the first large-scale, systematic study and demonstration of weed management alternatives under USDA–ARS's Areawide Pest Management Program. The other three projects previously approved under the program targeted insect pests. TEAM Leafy Spurge's primary goal has been to demonstrate the use of ecologically based IPM strategies to achieve effective, affordable leafy spurge control. TEAM Leafy Spurge is co-chaired and overseen by the USDA–ARS in cooperation with the USDA–Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Both agencies have many years of experience in research and implementation of leafy spurge control tactics as well as valuable contacts and resources. Together those federal partners make a powerful team to address the leafy spurge problem on a multi-state basis. Additional federal agencies participating in TEAM Leafy Spurge include: Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Forest Service, National Park Service, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Bureau of Reclamation, and U.S. Geological Service. State partners include: state departments of agriculture and other state agencies, Cooperative Extension Services, land grant universities, and county weed managers, while private sector representatives include landowners and ranchers. A non-partisan ad hoc committee consisting of state and federal researchers, land managers, representatives from local, state, and federal entities, and private landowners/ranchers provides guidance and helps to ensure the quality and applicability of the program. The extensive partnerships are of particular importance because they help to ensure continued dissemination of information past the limited life span of TEAM Leafy Spurge, which is set to expire in 2003.The five components of TEAM Leafy Spurge research and demonstration project are: (1) Program management; (2) Operations; (3) Assessment; (4) Supporting research, and (5) Technology transfer. As of this writing, the bulk of the research work has been completed and now TEAM Leafy Spurge is focusing its energies on assessment and technology transfer projects. Where available, brief outlines of research results are included here in addition to discussion of the program's key components, overall structure and general operation. 相似文献