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The purpose of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics of a subcutaneously implanted tissue-chamber model. Thermoplastic tissue chambers were implanted in the paralumbar fossae of six steers. Starting 30 days after implantation, the distribution of intravenously administered antipyrine and phenylbutazone into the tissue chambers was studied. These pharmacokinetic experiments were repeated 10 days later to determine the effect of time after implantation on tissue-chamber distribution. Fifty days after implantation, tissue chambers were drained of transudate, refilled with sterile saline and the rate of influx of endogenous urea, creatinine and albumin was measured. Delayed diffusion of antipyrine and phenylbutazone into tissue chambers was well described using a compartmental model in which tissue-chamber fluid represented the third of three compartments arranged in series. The distribution of antipyrine into tissue chambers was greater than that of phenylbutazone; an observation which is well correlated with the high degree of protein binding of phenylbutazone. There was no effect of time on the penetration of the two agents. Rapid diffusion of urea and creatinine and extremely slow influx of albumin into chambers showed that these chambers formed true interstitial compartments.  相似文献   
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The reactions of 20 inbred lines of Senecio vulgaris (groundsel) to inoculation with up to 10 isolates of Erysiphe fischeri (powdery mildew) were investigated in a number of repeat experiments. There was considerable variation among isolate/plant line reaction phenotypes with examples of both isolate-specific complete resistance and isolate-specific partial resistance. Some plant lines possessed high levels of partial resistance to all isolates tested. Incubation temperature and plant age influenced the infection types of some isolate/plant line combinations. In this pathosystem, complete and partial resistance, together with age-dependent and temperature-dependent resistance, appear to have evolved to facilitate a defence strategy based on a complex mosaic of interacting factors.  相似文献   
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Have you made the decision to sell your veterinary practice and enter a new stage of lifé If so, the next big question is how do you maximise the sale price and minimise your capital gains tax. of such points and potentially bring them up to the standard of the rest of your business. For example is your store or practice in need of a refit? Do you need to update equipment, train staff or review stock choices?  相似文献   
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Congenital lobar emphysema is described in two dogs. The condition was characterized by progressive dyspnoea and cyanosis from a very young age. There was marked expiratory effort, and wheezing and crackling were evident on auscultation. Radiographic examination revealed overdistension and emphysema of the right middle lobe with displacement of the heart and mediastinum to the opposite side. The pathology and possible treatments are discussed.  相似文献   
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The effect of bacterial infection on antibiotic activity and penetration of parenterally administered ceftiofur into implanted tissue chambers was studied in cattle. Tissue chambers were implanted subcutaneously in the paralumbar fossae of eight calves (256-290 kg body weight). Approximately 80 days after implantation, the two chambers on one side of each animal were inoculated with Pasteurella haemolytica (106 CFU/chamber). Eighteen hours after inoculation, ceftiofur sodium was administered intravenously (5 mg/kg) to each of the calves. Non-infected chamber fluid, infected chamber fluid and heparinized blood samples were collected immediately before and at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after drug administration. Concentrations of ceftiofur and desfuroylceftiofur metabolites and ceftiofur-equivalent microbiological activity were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography and microbiological assay respectively. Concentrations of ceftiofur and desfuroylceftiofur metabolites and antimicrobial activity in P. haemolytica -infected tissue chambers were significantly higher than those in non-infected tissue chambers at all sampling times, indicating that ceftiofur, regardless of the method used for analysis, localizes at higher concentrations at tissue sites infected with P. haemolytica . Antibiotic activity-concentration ratios were lower in plasma and infected chamber fluid compared with non-infected chamber fluid, suggesting that antibiotic was bound to proteins. However, higher antimicrobial activity in the infected chamber fluid compared with the non-infected chamber fluid suggests that active drug is reversibly bound to proteins. Protein-bound desfuroylceftiofur may represent a reservoir for release of active drug at the site of infection in the animal.  相似文献   
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