What is your diagnosis? Ectrodactyly     

R D Montgomery  J L Milton  P D Mansfield  J A Hudson 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1989,194(1):120-121

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Ocular and encephalic toxoplasmosis in canaries     

Williams SM  Fulton RM  Render JA  Mansfield L  Bouldin M 《Avian diseases》2001,45(1):262-267

In this report we describe the lesions produced by the protozoal organism, Toxoplasma gondii, in the eyes and brain of the common yellow canary (Serinus canaria). Nine of 15 birds in a flock were affected with blindness, which developed over a 3-mo span, and two birds developed torticollis. Microscopic alterations within the eye consisted of a nonsuppurative chorioretinitis with large numbers of macrophages that contained the tachyzoite form of T. gondii in the subretinal space, and aggregates of tachyzoites were found in the nerve fiber layer of the retina with and without necrosis. Tissue cysts with bradyzoites were scattered throughout the meninges and neuropil of the cerebrum and cerebellum. Both forms were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy in the eye and brain. Frozen brain samples reacted with T. gondii-specific cat sera in indirect fluorescent antibody tests. The source of infection was hypothesized to be from a stray cat the owner kept that had access to some of the bird feed. Treatment (trimethoprim 0.08 g/ml H2O and sulfadiazine 0.04 g/ml in water for 2 wk) was instituted by the referring veterinarian on the remaining birds. A second treatment regime was given for 3 wk. The owner of the canaries did not return for further treatment.  相似文献   

The seroprevalence of antibodies to Sarcocystis neurona in Michigan equids     

Rossano MG  Kaneene JB  Marteniuk JV  Banks BD  Schott HC  Mansfield LS 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2001,48(2):113-128

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Seasonal Effect on Zebu Embryo Quality as Determined by Their Degree of Apoptosis and Resistance to Cryopreservation     

YC Marquez  CS Galina  N Moreno  H Ruiz  A Ruiz  H Merchant 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2005,40(6):553-558

In order to optimize the production of embryos under tropical conditions and to test a possible seasonal effect on embryo quality, 40 Zebu cows were superovulated during the dry season (April to May) and during the rainy season (July to August). A total of 116 (average 2.7/cow) and 83 embryos (3.5 average/cow) were obtained during the respective seasons. After classification as good, fair or poor quality, embryos were tested based on their ultrastructural differences (n = 53 dry season 16 good, 20 fair and 17 poor and n = 61 rainy season 21 good, 20 fair and 20 poor) and their degree of apoptosis using the TUNEL technique (n = 30 during the dry season and n = 55 in the rainy season). Structural characteristics determining embryo quality varied between good and fair quality embryos. No difference, however, was observed between good, fair and poor quality embryos from the two seasons. The number of TUNEL-positive cells was different among embryos (p < 0.001), being lower in labelled cells of good quality embryos regardless of the season. Fewer apoptotic cells were observed in embryos assigned in all three quality levels during the rainy season (p < 0.001). Ultrastructural evaluations confirmed the results obtained by TUNEL. Cryopreserved embryos of good (n = 25 in each season) and fair quality (n = 11 dry season; n = 17 rainy season) showed a significant decrease of TUNEL-positive cells during the rainy season (p < 0.05). Results suggest that embryos collected in the dry season have more cellular damage in contrast; embryos cryopreserved in the rainy season appeared morphologically better equipped to result in a pregnancy following transfer.  相似文献   

Epizootiology of listeric infection in sheep   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A H Killinger  M E Mansfield 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1970,157(10):1318-1324

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Influence of aspiration biopsy of liver on cattle gains and liver vitamin A values   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

F C Hinds  G F Cmarik  M E Mansfield  J E Zimmerman 《Journal of animal science》1968,27(2):505-508

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Assessing the agreement of Western blot test results for paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples from horses tested for antibodies to Sarcocystis neuronaf     

Rossano MG  Kaneene JB  Schott HC  Sheline KD  Mansfield LS 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,115(3):233-238

Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) is a neurological disease of equids that is caused by infection of the central nervous system with Sarcocystis neurona. Veterinarians diagnose EPM by performing a neurological examination and by ordering Western blot tests for antibodies to S. neurona in the blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The negative predictive value of the Western blot test is generally accepted to be high for both serum and CSF. If the agreement between serum and CSF test results is strong, serum tests could be used to substitute for CSF tests in some cases. The purpose of this study was to assess the agreement of the results of 181 paired serum and CSF Western blot antibody tests on equine samples submitted to the Michigan State University Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory. The agreement of the paired serum and CSF results was assessed for three possible test outcomes--negative, positive or suspect. An additional analysis was performed in which samples reported as suspect were reclassified as negative. The kappa statistic for negative, positive and suspect samples was 0.469. The kappa statistic for the analysis in which the suspect results were reclassified as negative was 0.474. In addition, 29% (33/112) CSF samples from seropositive horses were negative. Our results demonstrate that the level of agreement is only moderate in diagnostic samples. This supports the practice of testing CSF of seropositive horses suspected of having EPM.  相似文献   

Cross-sectional study of serum antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona in cats tested for antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii     

Rossano MG  Murphy AJ  Vrable RA  Vanzo NE  Lewis SK  Sheline KD  Kaneene JB  Mansfield LS 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,221(4):511-514

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Assessment of the Intensity of Behavioural Traits and Ovulation between Synchronized and Non-synchronized Cows     

K Forster  CS Galina  M Maquivar  G Van der Laan  R Arnoni  A Verduzco 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(6):566-570

Thirty cyclic, non-suckled Brahman cows were divided into three groups, all of which were synchronized sequentially with CIDR-B and observed continuously for 100 h to determine different behavioural oestrus signs. Twenty-four hours after implant withdrawal, all synchronized cows in the group, together with all other cows displaying oestrus, were subjected to intensive ultrasonographic observations (every 6 h for 120 h) to pinpoint the moment of ovulation. In the first group, oestrus and ovulation response was 60% (6/10), in the second 44% (4/9) showed oestrus and six ovulated, and in the third group oestrus and ovulation were 80% (8/10). Significant differences were observed between the second and third groups (p < 0.05). No differences were observed in the duration of oestrus, time when oestrus was displayed after implant withdrawal, time of ovulation and onset of oestrus, end of oestrus to ovulation, and intensity of oestrus on a point scale. The relationship between duration of oestrus and time of ovulation was r(2) = 0.16. Ovulation, on average, was 32.1 +/- 14.5 h after the onset of oestrus, 22.3 +/- 16.5 h after the end of oestrus, and 91.8 +/- 16.7 after implant withdrawal, although no significant differences were observed. One non-synchronized animal showed oestrous activity in the second group but failed to ovulate. In the third group, 8 animals showed oestrus, 4 with high concentrations of progesterone. Of the other four one ovulated. In conclusion, oestrous behaviour is not necessarily the best marker to predict the time when ovulation takes place due to variation in the length of the oestrous period and the possible integration of non-ovulatory animals into sexually active groups.  相似文献   

Is the Production of Embryos in Small‐Scale Farming an Economically Feasible Enterprise?          下载免费PDF全文

Z Sánchez  MA Lammoglia  MA Alarcón  JJ Romero  CS Galina 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(4):574-579

The present assay attempts to evaluate the feasibility of using embryo transfer in small community farmers by in vivo study and by modelling the results obtained. From the total of 59 donor cows, 62.7% responded to treatment, with a significant difference (p = 0.002) in the percentage of the response between breeds, being 90.5% (19/21) in Holstein and 47.4% (18/38) in Brahman. A total of 283 embryos were graded as transferable, while 141 as non‐transferable, without difference in the percentage of transferable embryo by breed (p = 0.18). The mean of transferable embryos graded as class I and II was not different between Holstein and Brahman (p = 0.96 and p = 0.92, respectively); besides, no differences were observed in the other grades (non‐transferable). The highest difference in costs, regardless of its quality by breed, was seen in the lower levels of probable fertility of the embryo transferred, even reaching several hundred dollars. When modelling the expected costs for embryo produced and transferred, values can reach nearly $2000.00 when the probable fertility is only 10%. However, when the probable fertility was 60%, embryo cost was close to $300.00. This technology seems to be viable on average or high‐scale systems, having a superovulatory response between 60 and 80% with 4–6 transferrable embryos. Yet, in small‐scale farming, due to the reduced number of donors and/or recipients, the costs surpass the economical feasibility of the technique.  相似文献