Vaccination-related anthrax in three llamas   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M E Cartwright  A E McChesney  R L Jones 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1987,191(6):715-716

Two llama calves died 3 days after inoculation with anthrax vaccine. Concurrent administration of ivermectin and other biologics may have enhanced the infectivity of the Sterne strain vaccine of Bacillus anthracis. This experience suggests that the Sterne strain of anthrax vaccine can induce fatal disease when given to young llamas and should be used only with extreme care and in face of strong "at risk" situations.  相似文献   

What can’t be taught     

Dan Cartwright 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2014,55(10):999-914

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Polyglandular endocrinopathy type II (Schmidt's syndrome) in a Dobermann pinscher          下载免费PDF全文

J. A. Cartwright  J. Stone  M. Rick  M. D. Dunning 《The Journal of small animal practice》2016,57(9):491-494

A three‐year‐old, female neutered, Dobermann pinscher was presented for investigation of lethargy, episodic collapse, ataxia and myxoedema. Primary hypothyroidism and primary cortisol‐deficient hypoadrenocorticism were diagnosed based on history, physical examination and compatible hormonal analysis. Increased serum concentrations of thyroglobulin autoantibodies and 21‐hydroxylase autoantibodies indicated an immune‐mediated aetiology. The case was complicated by lymphadenopathy with hand‐mirror lymphocytes, classically identified in lymphoma. A polymerase chain reaction test for antigen receptor rearrangement indicated polyclonality and therefore reactive lymphadenopathy. The dog's clinical signs resolved following introduction of levothyroxine and prednisolone. Prioritising the problem‐based approach in this case facilitated the diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism in addition to hypothyroidism due to the persistence of clinical signs despite thyroxine replacement. Importantly, atypical adrenal gland dysfunction was not misinterpreted as inadequate therapeutic response to thyroxine supplementation. The observation that polyglandular endocrinopathy type II can occur in dogs suggests that in dogs with a suboptimal response to treatment for hypothyroidism or hypoadrenocorticism comorbid endocrinopathies should be investigated.  相似文献   

Glyphosate injury on Cyperus esculent us leaves and basal bulbs: histological study     

M. J. CAÑAL  M. ALBUERNE  R. SANCHEZ TAMÉS  B. FERNANDEZ 《Weed Research》1990,30(2):117-122

The effect of glyphosate on leaves and basal bulbs of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus L.) plants was studied. Treatment with glyphosate did not affect leaf anatomy, although light necrotic spots were seen on the veins. In contrast, basal bulb organization was greatly affected with large necrotic zones and disorganization in the vascular cylinder due to herbicide accumulation. Depletion or disappearance of vacuolar phenols was observed in bulbs of plants treated with the highest doses of glyphosate. The most remarkable effect of glyphosate was the appearance of one layer of sclerenchymatic cells between root and rhizome primordia and the cortical tissues which could play an important role in the inhibition of rhizome and root emergence by the herbicide.  相似文献   

Immunoglobulin class in relation to neutralisation of transmissible gastro-enteritis virus     

M J Corbel  M Lucas  S F Cartwright 《The Veterinary record》1972,90(23):658-659

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Psittacine inclusion body hepatitis in an aviary   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M Cartwright  T R Spraker  D McCluggage 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1985,187(10):1045-1046

Psittacine inclusion body hepatitis (also known as Pacheco's parrot disease) was believed to be responsible for fatal necrotizing hepatitis and splenitis in a variety of psittacine birds from a private aviary. Splenic cells and degenerative hepatocytes around the outer zone of necrotic areas had margination of nuclear material and large intranuclear inclusion bodies. Clinical signs consisted of weakness, anorexia, vomiting, loose feces, and slight ruffling of feathers. The source of the infection was undetermined, but could have been associated with 3 Patagonian conures within the aviary. Patagonian conures are well-recognized as clinically normal carriers. The outbreak was limited by strict quarantine and disinfection of the aviary for 14 days.  相似文献   

Simulating differences in net returns from beef production under alternative forage systems and management practices     

Aditi K. Angirasa  C.Richard Shumway  T.C. Cartwright 《Agricultural Systems》1985,17(2):99-116

A biological simulation model and a linear programming model were interfaced to determine production efficiencies and the optimal carrying capacity of a cow-calf producer in East Texas and to compare net returns to the model farm, given alternative tame forage systems and management practices. Experimental data both on forage systems and on livestock were used to verify and validate the simulated herds. The results showed that (1) of the three tame forage systems analyzed, warm-season perennial forages provided a relatively higher carrying capacity/ha, whereas a mix of both warm- and cool-season forages that allows year-round grazing gave relatively higher net returns/ha to management; (2) nutritional stress during winter months decreased animal performance proportionately more than it decreased feed costs; and (3) although spring-calving herds included more animals than corresponding fall-calving herds on the same land area, fall-calving herds produced more liveweight sales and generally higher net returns.  相似文献   

Effect of Breeding Activity on the Microflora of the External Genitalia and in the Semen of Stallions,and the Relationship Between Micro‐organisms on the Skin and on the External Genitalia     

T Guimarães  C Miranda  M Pinto  E Silva  L Damásio  AL Costa  MJ Correia  JC Duarte  C Cosinha  G Lopes  G Thompson  A Rocha 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(6):926-933

A possible role of breeding activities in the composition of the microbial population in stallions' external genitalia (EG) and the relationship between micro‐organisms colonizing the skin of the abdomen and the ones colonizing the EG have not been studied. In experiment 1, EG microbiological samples were collected from 41 stallions used for both natural cover and semen collection (BST) and from 18 non‐breeding stallions (NBST). A higher (p < 0.05) frequency of isolation of potentially pathogenic species was found for BST. Age did not influence number of micro‐organism species isolated both in BST and NBST. In experiment 2, the microbial content of the EG and semen was compared in 23 BST. Most micro‐organisms isolated from the EG were present in semen, albeit with a numerically lower prevalence. In 7 stallions, six microbial species isolated from semen were absent from the EG cultures, suggesting contamination by the operator. In experiment 3, a numerically higher number of micro‐organism species was isolated from the EG of 31 stallions, than from their skin of the ventral abdomen in contact with the penis or from the skin of the thorax. With the sole exception of Escherichia coli, potentially pathogenic bacteria were only isolated from the EG but not from the skin. Results suggest that breeding activity increased the number of species colonizing the EG; most species isolated from the EG were also found in semen even if with a lower frequency, and additional semen contamination seemed to occur during its manipulation. Many micro‐organism species of the skin were also isolated from the penis, but independently of being or not in contact with the penis, skin did not seem to provide an adequate environment for the growth of potentially pathogenic bacteria that were isolated from EG, with the sole exception for E. coli.  相似文献   

Simulation of genetic and environmental interaction of three tropical hair sheep breeds.     

M H Rajab  H D Blackburn  T C Cartwright  E A Figueiredo 《Journal of animal science》1991,69(11):4397-4405

The Texas A&M Sheep Simulation Model was used to examine genetic-environmental interactions (GEI) among Brazilian Somali, Morada Nova, and Santa Ines breeds and type and level of feed supplement in northeast Brazil. Two sets of simulations were conducted to examine effects of different supplement quality (napier grass vs cunha legume) and quantity (napier grass only). The analyses indicated the benefits from supplementing lambs at weaning during the dry season and from supplementing lactating ewes at the beginning of lambing season when forage is scarce. The cunha legume was an effective supplement, but choosing between cunha legume and napier grass is an economic consideration. Increasing the amount of napier grass supplement per ewe from 200 g/d to 400 g/d resulted in a significant GEI (i.e., different levels of response such as lamb mortality rate, lamb weaning weight, and lambing rate for different breeds). The Brazilian Somali was the least responsive, whereas the Santa Ines was the most responsive to supplementation. It was concluded that the level of supplement should be higher for the Santa Ines and Morada Nova than for the Somali. The amount of supplement should be regulated so that it neither substitutes for nor lowers the utilization of the native caatinga forage. None of the breeds was simulated to be superior in all environments. Thus, considering the wide range of resources of individual farmers, any one of these breeds may be the preferred choice, depending on the individual set of production resources.  相似文献   

Changes in productivity and profitability of wool-growing farms that follow recommendations from agricultural and veterinary studies     

GR LEAN  AL VIZARD  JK WEBB WARE 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(10):726-731

Objective To estimate the changes in productivity and profitability in a group of wool-growing farms as they adopted major recommendations from agricultural and veterinary studies.
Farms Four wool-growing farms in south western Victoria were selected from the clients of the Mackinnon Project, a farm consultancy service run from the University of Melbourne. Each farm had closely followed recommended procedures, kept comprehensive financial and physical records and had been clients for at least 5 years. The comparison group was the South Western Victoria Monitor Farm Project (SWVMFP), about 45 farms in the same region as the study farms that were monitored annually by Agriculture Victoria.
Procedure For a 7-year period, the financial and physical performance of both groups of farms was estimated. Stocking rate, wool production, gross farm income, farm operating costs, net farm income and return on assets were compared.
Results Mean gross farm income of the four study farms steadily rose from 86% of the average SWVMFP farm before the adoption of recommendations to an average of 155%. During the same period, net farm income rose from 70% to 207% of the average of the SWVMFP. Return on asset of the four farms rose irregularly from 26% to 145% of the average of the SWVMFP. Farm operating costs on the four farms were higher than for the SWVMFP group, but the ratio of costs remained relatively constant.
Conclusion The adoption of proven research results was associated with large increases in net farm income. An increase in gross income, rather than a reduction in costs was the main reason for this. Research results offer a way to increase the financial viability of wool-growing farmers, many of whom are currently unable to maintain their lifestyle, resources and infrastructure.  相似文献