Process modeling of nitrogen effects on carbon assimilation and allocation-a review     

Gillespie AR  Chaney WR 《Tree physiology》1989,5(1):99-112

Maximum forest productivity will only be realized through intensified management of mineral nutrition. This review examines selected individual tree and stand nutrition models. Nutrient supply is defined by mass flow and diffusion processes in a forest environment. Additionally, structures of biomass accumulation models are considered as well as nutritional limitations on assimilation functions and carbon allocation patterns.  相似文献   

Pest Management Course,Silwood Park,May–June 1981     

I. Chaney 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(4)

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Congenital Anomalies of the Equine Urinary Tract     

Kristin P. Chaney 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2007

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Structural and Functional Changes in Porcine Cumulus-Oocyte-Complexes During Preovulatory Maturation     

H Torner  KP Brtissow  W Tomek  H Aim  J Rátky 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1998,33(3-4):249-253

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A GLACIER IN THE MONTANA ROCKIES     

Chaney LW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1895,2(50):792-796

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Screening for low grain cadmium phenotypes in sunflower, durum wheat and flax   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

Yin-Ming Li  Rufus L. Chaney  Albert A. Schneiter  Jerry F. Miller  Elias M. Elias  James J. Hammond 《Euphytica》1997,94(1):23-30

Cadmium (Cd) level in nonoilseed sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), and durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) grown on uncontaminated, alkaline soils has exceeded limits established in Northern Europe. Separate field experiments were conducted to investigate variability of grain Cd levels among sunflower, durum wheat and flax germplasm, and to seek an efficient screening method for future breeding. There were large variations in leaf Cd concentration among 200 sunflower lines. These lines performed more consistently for Cd uptake at the R5 stage than at the V8 stage across 4 locations with markedly differing soils. Cd concentration in V8 leaves was not related to Cd in grain. The positive correlation between R5 leaf Cd and kernel Cd level was obtained from nonoilseed hybrid (Sigco 954) (R²; = 0.74**), and 200 lines (R² = 0.44**) tested over 4 locations in 2 field trials, respectively. This indicates that an efficient and low cost screening method can be developed for genotype selection, but plants must be grown to the R5 stage. A preliminary evaluation of 30 durum wheat and 74 flax lines indicated large variations in grain Cd level of durum wheat and flax. Grain Cd concentration ranged from 0.11 to 0.34 mg Cd kg^-1 DW for durum wheat, and 0.14 to 1.37 mg Cd kg^-1 DW for flax, respectively. This variability indicates that breeding for low grain Cd in durum wheat and flax should be feasible. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Heavy metal effects on soil populations and heavy metal tolerance of Rhizobium meliloti,nodulation, and growth of alfalfa     

Angle  J. S.  Chaney  R. L. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1991,(1):597-604

Effects of heavy metals on rhizobia and the symbiotic association with leguminous hosts are currently unclear. To investigate this problem, we examined Rhizobium meliloti (microsymbiont) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) (macrosymbiont) collected from soils contaminated with varying concentrations of heavy metals (varying distances from a Zn smelter operating 90 yr.). Soil populations of R. meliloti were not correlated with metal concentrations in soil. The lowest rhizobial population was found in the soil with the highest extractable metal concentrations, but the highest populations were found in soil which was moderately contaminated. A greenhouse study in which alfalfa was grown in the same soils showed no significant trend for nodulation or nitrogenase activity of roots. Highest nodule number and nitrogenase activity were observed in those soils which had the lowest population of R. meliloti. When the heavy metal Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of individual isolates was examined, no correlation was found between the MIC and soil metal concentration (total, or water or 0.01 M Ca(NO₃)₂ extractable).These results indicate that even in highly contaminated soils, metal activity was not high enough to exert an antagonistic influence on the soil rhizobial population or the symbiotic association between alfalfa and R. meliloti.  相似文献   

Preliminary investigation on the response of spring barley (Hordeum sativum) to soil cultivation with the ‘paraplow’     

M.A. Braim  K. Chaney  D.R. Hodgson 《Soil & Tillage Research》1984,4(3):277-293

In a long-term cultivation experiment on a sandy clay loam overlying magnesian limestone and cropped with spring barley (Hordeum sativum) each year, mouldboard ploughing, shallow tine cultivation and direct drilling were compared. Compaction had become evident on the direct drilled treatment and to alleviate this the ‘Paraplow’, a slant-legged soil loosening implement, was used on all treatments to a depth of 35 cm in the autumn of 1980.A crop of spring barley (var. Athos) was grown in 1981, at a nitrogen fertiliser rate of 75 kg ha^?1 N. Root growth, shoot dry matter, nitrogen uptake, grain yield and components of yield were recorded. Soil strength (by cone resistance) and dry bulk density of the soil were also measured. As a mean of all cultivation systems the ‘Paraplow’ increased grain yield by 12%. The response of the crop to cultivation by the ‘Paraplow’ was greatest on the mouldboard ploughed and long-term direct-drilled systems. The latter out-yielded the former, with shallow tine cultivation intermediate.The decrease in soil strength caused by the ‘Paraplow’ resulted in more rapid penetration of root axes and greater proliferation of roots in each horizon of the profile. There was no significant effect on shoot dry matter up to anthesis but, at harvest, barley on land treated with the ‘Paraplow’ had more ears with more grains per ear. Thousand-grain weight was not affected.The poorer growth of barley on ploughed than direct drilled land in 1981 was explained by temporary waterlogging of the soil in May.  相似文献   

Accumulation of Lead and Arsenic by Carrots Grown on Lead-Arsenate Contaminated Orchard Soils     

E. E. Codling  R. L. Chaney  C. E. Green 《Journal of plant nutrition》2015,38(4):509-525

Concerns have been raised of possible human food chain transfer of lead and arsenic from crops grown on orchard soils with histories of lead arsenate use. The objective of this study was to determine arsenic and lead uptake by three cultivars of carrots grown on four orchard soils with histories of lead arsenate use. Total concentrations of arsenic and lead in these soils ranged from 93 to 291 and from 350 to 961 mg kg^?1 for arsenic and lead, respectively. Arsenic in peeled carrot ranged from 0.38 to 1.64 mg kg^?1, while lead ranged from 2.67 to 7.3 mg kg^?1 dry weight. This study demonstrated that carrots will accumulate arsenic and lead in the root, which may become a human health risk when consumed. However, further studies are needed to determine what fraction of arsenic and lead in these carrots are bioavailable to humans when consumed.  相似文献   

Effect of adding nitrate or nitrite to drinking water on the utilization of carotene by growing swine     

R D Wood  C H Chaney  D G Waddill  G W Garrison 《Journal of animal science》1967,26(3):510-513

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