Immunodeficiency associated with lymphosarcoma in a horse.     

M O Furr  M V Crisman  J Robertson  O Barta  W S Swecker 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1992,201(2):307-309

Immune system dysfunction and immunoglobulin deficiency was diagnosed in a 2-year-old horse with disseminated lymphosarcoma. Prolonged (35 days) parenteral nutrition was delivered to support the horse during a period in which immune function studies could be performed. Correction of nutritional compromise by use of parenteral nutrition did not correct the immunoglobulin deficiency, and results of lymphocyte phenotype testing did not indicate abnormal proportions of leukocytes. Lymphoblast transformation studies were suggestive of a circulating immunosuppressive factor in the horse's serum. Normal cell function was detected when the cells were stimulated in precolostral equine serum.  相似文献   

The use of ultrasonography in the reproductive evaluation of boars          下载免费PDF全文

RO Pinho  BS Camilo  DMA Lima  FAC Villadiego  JCM Vergara  HH Shiomi  RE Cardoso  PS Lopes  JD Guimarães 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(2):393-400

The objective was to study the use of ultrasound as a complementary test in the breeding soundness evaluation in male pigs and study the pattern of echogenicity of the testicular parenchyma in boars of different racial groups. Twenty‐six adult boars from four different racial groups were used, 10 from the Piau breed (group 1), four from the commercial and finishing group (group 2), six Pietrain breed (group 3) and six from the Duroc breed (group 4). All animals were evaluated for breeding soundness evaluation and the ultrasound examination of the testicles. The groups of animals that were evaluated showed no difference in the main semen parameters that were evaluated, except for the sperm volume, concentration of the ejaculated sperm and the supravital staining; the lowest figures were for the animals from the Piau breed (group 1). In relation to the testicular biometrics, Duroc animals (group 4) had a greater scrotal width compared to the other groups. But when we assessed the intensity of pixels of the testicles, there was a difference between groups. The groups 2 (finishing animals), 3 (Pietrain) and 4 had no difference between themselves. Group 3 had greater pixel intensity in relation to group 1. Of the 26 animals studied, five showed an abnormality during ultrasound evaluation, like hydrocele, hyperechoic mass in the testicular parenchyma, cyst in the head of the epididymis and the presence of fluid in the head and tail of the epididymis. The various animal groups studied did not differ in the principal reproductive parameters evaluated, showing that despite the great variability of reproductive traits between breeds and within the same breed, the breeding soundness evaluation, the more complete it is, is essential for the selection of breeders and the ultrasonography of the reproductive system becomes an important addition in this examination.  相似文献   

Setaria digitata was the main cause of equine neurological ataxia in Korea: 50 cases (2015–2016)     

Hyunkyoung LEE  Hyeshin HWANG  Younghye RO  Ji-Hyeon KIM  Kyunghyun LEE  Eunjin CHOI  Youchan BAE  Byungjae SO  Inhyung LEE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(5):869

This study was performed to examine and clarify the cause of hindlimb ataxia and neuropathy seen in the South Korean horse population. Fifty horses diagnosed with hindlimb ataxia and neuropathy were referred for this study. Neurological examination was performed on 47 horses while necropsy was performed in all 50 animals. The occurrence of neurological diseases increased rapidly in the summer and 47 out of 50 horses were referred after the end of July. The incidence of neurological diseases started from the southern part of Korea in July and proceeded northward in August and September. Although there was no correlation with age, Thoroughbred and Warmblood horses showed a higher incidence rate than Halla and Jeju horses. The incidence rate was 5 times higher in geldings than in mares and stallions. Of the 20 cases, 16 were diagnosed with eosinophilic meningoencephalomyelitis in 2015. The most common lesions observed in 2016 were parasitic meningoencephalomyelitis (10 cases, 33%) and eosinophilic meningomyelitis (7 cases, 23%). Histopathological analysis of the brain and spinal cord revealed nematodes of approximately 100–200 µm in diameter, microcavitation and infiltrates of eosinophils, and brown pigmented macrophage infiltrates. The nematodes were identified as Setaria digitata via DNA sequencing, performed subsequent to polymerase chain reaction using DNA isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the spinal cord. These results show that aberrant migration of Setaria digitata larva in the brain and spinal cord was a major cause for neurological signs in horses.  相似文献   

Transendoscopic biopsy of the horse's airway mucosa     

Virginia Buechner-Maxwell  Mark Crisman  Michael Murray  William Ley  Geoffrey Saunders  Amelia Walton 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1996,16(9):375-379

Transtracheal wash and bronchoalveolar lavage are diagnostic techniques that have been adopted from human medicine for monitoring inflammatory changes in the airway of the horse. Transendoscopic biopsy has also proven to be a valuable tool for obtaining samples of the airway mucosa in human patients. A transendoscopic technique was developed in this study for obtaining a respiratory mucosal biopsy from standing, sedated horses. Six normal adult horses were sampled at eight-week intervals for a total of three sample periods. Horses were monitored for adverse effects of the technique and none were noted. Sample sites were completely healed after eight weeks with no gross or histologic abnormalities. Biopsy samples were 3 to 4 millimeters in diameter, and 17 of 18 samples provided interpretable histological sections. Methods for handling, staining and evaluating tissue were also developed. The results of this study demonstrated that airway mucosal biopsy is a safe, repeatable technique that can be performed in the sedated, standing horse.  相似文献   

Evaluation of iohexol clearance used to estimate glomerular filtration rate in clinically normal foals     

Gonda KC  Wilcke JR  Crisman MV  Ward DL  Robertson JL  Finco DR  Braselton WE 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(12):1486-1490

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether pharmacokinetic analysis of data derived from a single i.v. dose of iohexol could be used to predict creatinine clearance and evaluate simplified methods for predicting serum clearance of iohexol with data derived from 2 or 3 blood samples in clinically normal foals. ANIMALS: 10 healthy foals. PROCEDURE: Serum disposition of iohexol and exogenous creatinine clearance was determined simultaneously in each foal (5 males and 5 females). A 3-compartment model of iohexol serum disposition was selected via standard methods. Iohexol clearance calculated from the model was compared with creatinine clearance. Separate limited-sample models were created with various combinations of sample times from the terminal slope of the plasma versus time profile for iohexol. Correction factors were determined for the limited-sample models, and iohexol clearance calculated via each method was compared with exogenous creatinine clearance by use of method comparison techniques. RESULTS: Mean exogenous creatinine clearance was 2.17 mL/min/kg. The disposition of iohexol was best described by a 3-compartment open model. Mean clearance value for iohexol was 2.15 mL/min/kg and was not significantly different from mean creatinine clearance. A method for predicting serum iohexol clearance based on a 2-sample protocol (3- and 4-hour samples) was developed. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Iohexol clearance can be used to predict exogenous creatinine clearance and can be determined from 2 blood samples taken after i.v. injection of iohexol. Appropriate correction factors for adult horses and horses with abnormal glomerular filtration rate need to be determined.  相似文献   

Cryopreservation of Piau‐Breed Wild Boar Sperm: Assessment of Cooling Curves and Centrifugation Regimes          下载免费PDF全文

HH Shiomi  RO Pinho  DMA Lima  JB Siqueira  MCR Santos  EV Costa  PS Lopes  SEF Guimarães  JD Guimarães 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(4):545-553

This study aimed to assess the effects of different cooling curves and centrifugation regimes used in cryopreservation protocols on the post‐thaw viability of Piau‐breed wild boar (Sus scrofa) sperm using in vitro assessment tests. Two centrifugations (800  g for 10 min and 2400  g for 3 min) and two cooling curves (conventional cooling using nitrogen vapour – freezing 1 and automated cooling using a programmed freezing machine – freezing 2) were tested. Therefore, the treatments were divided into M3 – centrifugation at 2400  g for 3 min and freezing 2; M10 – centrifugation at 800  g for 10 min and freezing 2; R3 – centrifugation at 2400  g for 3 min and freezing 1; and R10 – centrifugation at 800  g for 10 min and freezing 1. No significant differences (p > 0.05) between treatments occurred post‐thawing regarding the total sperm motility means recorded. The mean values of the different treatments were not different from each other regarding the supravital staining (SV), hypo‐osmotic test (HO), sperm–egg binding assay or sperm morphology. This study showed that both the cooling curve and the centrifugation regime affected the quality of post‐thaw sperm, and centrifugation for shorter times and cooling curves using automated cooling are the most suitable for minimizing sperm injury.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics and safety of firocoxib after oral administration of repeated consecutive doses to neonatal foals     

N. Hovanessian  J.L. Davis  H.C. McKenzie  J.L. Hodgson  D.R. Hodgson  M.V. Crisman 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2014,37(3):243-251

The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of firocoxib in neonatal foals. Seven healthy foals were administered 0.1 mg/kg firocoxib orally q24 h for nine consecutive days, commencing at 36 h of age. Blood was collected for firocoxib analysis using high‐pressure liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection at 0 (dose #1 only), 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h after doses 1, 5, and 9. For all other doses (2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8), blood was collected immediately prior to the next dose (24 h trough). Elimination samples (36, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 144 h) were collected after dose 9. Safety was assessed via physical examinations, body weight measurements, gastroscopy, complete blood count, plasma biochemistry and urinalysis. Firocoxib was rapidly absorbed following oral administration with minimal accumulation after repeat dosing. After the final dose, the terminal half‐life was approximately 11 h. Firocoxib was below the limit of detection (<2.5 ng/mL) in plasma 72 h after the final dose. No significant abnormalities were found on blood analyses, urinalysis, or gastroscopy. This study demonstrated that firocoxib is absorbed in neonatal foals with no demonstrable adverse effects after repeated doses of 0.1 mg/kg.  相似文献   

Nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test and serum lysozyme assay in newborn Arabian foals and mares     

T Frymus  A Degórski  B Kowalski  M Crisman 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1985,32(4):280-286

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Modulation of equine articular chondrocyte messenger RNA levels following brief exposures to recombinant equine interleukin-1beta   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Takafuji VA  Howard RD  Ward DL  Sharova LV  Crisman MV 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2005,106(1-2):23-38

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Detection of differentially regulated genes in ischaemic equine intestinal mucosa     

Tschetter JR  Blikslager AT  Little D  Howard RD  Woody SL  Beex LM  Crisman MV 《Equine veterinary journal》2005,37(4):319-324

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Colic is a serious disease syndrome in horses. Much of the mortality is associated with ischaemic-injured intestine during strangulating obstruction, yet there is limited understanding of the associated molecular events. Identification of differentially expressed genes during ischaemic injury should expand our understanding of colic and may lead to novel targeted therapeutic approaches in the future. OBJECTIVE: To isolate and identify differentially expressed genes in equine jejunum following a 2 h ischaemic event compared to normally perfused jejunum. METHODS: Suppressive subtractive hybridisation was used to clone genes that are differentially expressed in equine jejunum injured by 2 h of complete ischaemia as compared to time-matched control jejunal tissues. Expression of selected clones was further evaluated by northern blot analysis. RESULTS: Of the 384 clones selected, 157 were confirmed to possess cDNAs corresponding differentially expressed genes by dot blot analysis. Two genes, fatty acid binding protein 2 and calcium-activated chloride channel 4 were further confirmed to be differentially expressed by northern blot analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Suppressive subtractive hybridisation can be used to detect changes in expression of a broad array of genes, as confirmed by northern blot analysis of selected genes. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: These initial results have identified a pool of equine intestinal epithelial genes that are differentially expressed following a 2 h ischaemic event. In particular, genes indicative of deranged metabolic activity and those potentially involved in early repair events were identified and may ultimately provide clues as to the nature of epithelial ischaemic injury in horses.  相似文献