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Joaquin Araos Luca Lacitignola Claudia Acquafredda Caterina DiBella Marzia Stabile Erica Guacci Robin Gleed Salvatore Grasso Antonio Crovace Francesco Staffieri 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(4):484-492
ObjectiveTo determine the specific lung elastance (SEL) in anesthetized dogs and to evaluate the efficacy of a SEL-based recruiting airway pressure (RPaw) at improving global and regional lung aeration.Study designRetrospective and prospective clinical study.AnimalsA total of 28 adult dogs were included in the retrospective study and six adult dogs in the prospective study.MethodsRetrospective study: SEL and SEL-based RPaw were determined using previously published data. In mechanically ventilated dogs undergoing thoracic computed tomography (CT), SEL was calculated as ΔPL/(VT/EELV), where ΔPL is the driving transpulmonary pressure, VT is the tidal volume and EELV is the end-expiratory lung volume. The ratio of lung to respiratory system elastance (EL/Ers) was determined. SEL and EL/Ers were used to calculate the SEL-based RPaw. Prospective study: dogs underwent thoracic CT at end-expiration and at end-inspiration using the SEL-based RPaw, and global and regional aeration was determined. For analysis of regional aeration, lungs were divided into cranial, intermediate and caudal regions. Regional compliance was also calculated. A p value <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThe SEL and EL/Ers were 12.7 ± 3.1 cmH2O and 0.54 ± 0.07, respectively. The SEL-based RPaw was 29.1 ± 7.6 cmH2O. In the prospective study, the RPaw was 28.2 ± 1.3 cmH2O. During RPaw, hyperinflation increased (p = 0.0003) whereas poorly aerated (p < 0.0001) and nonaerated (p = 0.01) tissue decreased. Normally aerated tissue did not change (p = 0.265). Regional compliance was higher in the intermediate (p = 0.0003) and caudal (p = 0.034) regions compared with the cranial region. Aeration did not differ between regions (p > 0.05).Conclusions and clinical relevanceAn SEL-based RPaw reduces poorly and nonaerated lung tissue in anesthetized dogs. In nonsurgical anesthetized dogs, an RPaw near 30 cmH2O is effective at improving lung aeration. 相似文献
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Staffieri F. De Monte V. De Marzo C. Scrascia F. Crovace A. 《Veterinary research communications》2010,34(1):131-134
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a recruiting maneuver (RM) on lung aeration, gas exchange, and respiratory mechanics during general anesthesia in mechanically ventilated dogs. A thoracic computed tomography (CT) scan, an arterial blood sample, and measurement of respiratory mechanics were performed 10 min before (baseline) and both 5 and 30 min after a vital capacity RM in 10 dogs under general anesthesia. The RM was performed by inflating the lung at 40 cm H2O for 20 s. Lung aeration was estimated by analyzing the radiographic attenuation of the CT images. Lung aeration and gas exchange improved significantly 5 min after the RM compared to baseline and returned to values similar to baseline by 30 min. Static lung compliance was not significantly affected by the RM. An RM induces a temporary improvement in lung function in healthy dogs under general anesthesia.
相似文献3.
Lacitignola L. Crovace A. Rossi G. Francioso E. 《Veterinary research communications》2008,32(1):33-38
To compare cultured bone marrow mesenchymal cells (cBMSC), bone marrow mononucleated cells (BMMNCs), and placebo to repair collagenase-induced tissue damage in an equine model of experimental tendonitis, 6 Standardbred horses with no signs of previous SDF tendon injury have been recruited. Three weeks after collagenase treatment an average of either 5.5 × 106 cBMSCs or 122.3 × 106 BMMNCs, saline solution (placebo) or fibrin glue were injected intralesionally in random order. Horses were stall rested for 21 weeks, and tendon ultrasound scans performed before and during this period. Horses were euthanized and tendons harvested for histology and immunohistochemistry. Data observed in this study showed effectiveness of cBMSC and BMMNC in regenerating tendon tissue after collagenase -induced tendonitis. Both cBMSC and BMMNC transplantation resulted in qualitatively similar regeneration of tendon extracellular matrix in terms of type I/III collagen ratio, fiber orientation, and COMP expression. After this favourable results, 20 horses were recruited referred for spontaneous lesions of the flexor tendons or the suspensory ligament. Horses were treated with autologous graft of BMMNCs.After treatment the. the exercise program allowed was 8 weeks stall rest, 4 weeks hand walking, 4 weeks trotting, 4 weeks of gradually raising of exercise level then horses were gone back to race. US characteristics of lesions started to improve at T3. CSA-l, FPS and TLS were better in all patients, with an appreciable filling of lesions indicated by a decreasing of CSA-l and increasing of TLS. When horses started the exercise program T8 tendon architecture improved, demonstrated by their longitudinal alignment and length. At T6, and persistently in later follorw-up, no lameness was evident by clinical examination. At time of writing 12 patients (60%) were go back to races, while other 8 (40%) are under controlled exercise program. Re-injury rate was assessed at 25%. All the owners judged good to excellent the outcome in term of athletic success.
相似文献4.
Staffieri F De Monte V De Marzo C Grasso S Crovace A 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2010,37(6):483-490
ObjectiveTo compare the effects of two fractions of inspired oxygen (FiO2) (0.4 and 1) on lung aeration and gas exchange during general anaesthesia in cats.Study designRandomized, blinded, controlled study.AnimalsThirty healthy, mixed breed, client owned female cats.Materials and methodsCats were premedicated intramuscularly with acepromazine (0.03 mg kg?1) and medetomidine (0.015 mg kg?1). Anaesthesia was induced with propofol (5 mg kg?1) and, after orotracheal intubation, maintained with isoflurane carried by either 100% oxygen (G100, n = 15) or an oxygen-air mixture with 40% oxygen (G40, n = 15). All cats were placed in dorsal recumbency and breathed spontaneously throughout the entire procedure. Following surgery (ovariectomy), a spiral computed tomography (CT) of the thorax was performed, arterial oxygen (PaO2) and carbon dioxide (PaCO2) tensions were measured and alveolar-arterial gradient of oxygen [P(A-a)O2] calculated. The CT images were analysed for lung aeration by the analysis of radiograph attenuations (Hounsfield units, HU), according to the following classification: hyperinflated area (-1000 to -900 HU), normally aerated area (-900 to -500 HU), poorly aerated area (-500 to -100 HU) and non-aerated area (-100 to +100 HU). The groups were compared using one-way anova.ResultsCompared to G100, the normally-aerated lung area was significantly greater and the poorly-aerated and non-aerated areas were significantly smaller in G40. PaCO2 was similar in both groups. PaO2 and P(A-a)O2 were significantly higher in G100. In both groups, pulmonary atelectasis developed preferentially in the caudal lung fields.ConclusionIn cats anaesthetised with isoflurane, the administration of an FiO2 of >0.9 significantly impaired lung aeration and gas exchange as compared to an FiO2 of 0.4.Clinical relevanceAn FiO2 of 0.4 may better preserve lung aeration and gas exchange in anaesthetised spontaneously breathing cats but monitoring is essential to ensure oxygenation is adequate. 相似文献
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Crovace A. Favia A. Lacitignola L. Di Comite M. S. Staffieri F. Francioso E. 《Veterinary research communications》2008,32(1):39-44
The aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical application in veterinary orthopedics of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) and cultured bone marrow stromal cells (cBMSCs) for the treatment of some orthopaedic lesions in the dog. The authors carried out a clinical study on 14 dogs of different breed, age and size with the following lesions: 1 bone cyst of the glenoid rime; 2 nonunion of the tibia; 3 nonunion of the femur; 2 lengthening of the radius; 1 large bone defect of the distal radius;1 nonunion with carpus valgus; 4 Legg-Calvé-Perthés disease. In 9 cases the BMMCNs were used in combination with a three dimensional resorbable osteogenic scaffold the chemical composition and size of which facilitates the ingrowth of bone. In these cases the BMMNCs were suspended in an adequate amount of fibrin glue and then distribuited uniformly on a Tricalcium-Phosphate (TCP) scaffold onto which were also added some drops of thrombin. In 1 case of nonunion of the tibia and in 3 cases of Legg-Calvè-Perthés (LCP) disease the cultured BMSCs were used instead because of the small size of the dogs and of the little amount of aspirated bone marrow. X-ray examinations were performed immediately after the surgery. Clinical, ultrasounds and X-ray examinations were performed after 20 days and then every month. Until now the treated dogs have shown very good clinical and X-ray results. One of the objectives of the study was to use the BMMNCs in clinical application in orthopaedic lesions in the dog. The advantages of using the cells immediately after the bone marrow is collected, are that the surgery can be performed the same day, the cells do not need to be expanded in vitro, they preserve their osteogenic potential to form bone and promote the proper integration of the implant with the bone and lastly, the technique is easier and the costs are lower. 相似文献
7.
To compare cultured bone marrow mesenchymal cells (cBMSC), bone marrow mononucleated cells (BMMNCs), and placebo to repair collagenase-induced tissue damage in an equine model of experimental tendonitis, 6 Standardbred horses with no signs of previous SDF tendon injury have been recruited. Three weeks after collagenase treatment an average of either 5.5 x 10(6) cBMSCs or 122.3 x 10(6) BMMNCs, saline solution (placebo) or fibrin glue were injected intralesionally in random order. Horses were stall rested for 21 weeks, and tendon ultrasound scans performed before and during this period. Horses were euthanized and tendons harvested for histology and immunohistochemistry. Data observed in this study showed effectiveness of cBMSC and BMMNC in regenerating tendon tissue after collagenase -induced tendonitis. Both cBMSC and BMMNC transplantation resulted in qualitatively similar regeneration of tendon extracellular matrix in terms of type I/III collagen ratio, fiber orientation, and COMP expression. After this favourable results, 20 horses were recruited referred for spontaneous lesions of the flexor tendons or the suspensory ligament. Horses were treated with autologous graft of BMMNCs.After treatment the. the exercise program allowed was 8 weeks stall rest, 4 weeks hand walking, 4 weeks trotting, 4 weeks of gradually raising of exercise level then horses were gone back to race. US characteristics of lesions started to improve at T3. CSA-l, FPS and TLS were better in all patients, with an appreciable filling of lesions indicated by a decreasing of CSA-l and increasing of TLS. When horses started the exercise program T8 tendon architecture improved, demonstrated by their longitudinal alignment and length. At T6, and persistently in later follow-up, no lameness was evident by clinical examination. At time of writing 12 patients (60%) were go back to races, while other 8 (40%) are under controlled exercise program. Re-injury rate was assessed at 25%. All the owners judged good to excellent the outcome in term of athletic success. 相似文献
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Staffieri F Lacitignola L De Siena R Crovace A 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2007,34(1):63-66
BACKGROUND: Carbon dioxide (CO2) embolism is a possible complication of capnoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgery. Experimentally induced venous CO2 embolism has been studied in pigs. In this paper we report a case of spontaneous CO2 embolism. OBSERVATIONS: A 4-month-old Large White pig weighing 20 kg underwent experimental laparoscopic surgery under general anaesthesia. Monitoring consisted of pulse oximetry, capnography, airway pressure, electrocardiography, invasive arterial and central venous blood pressures, and arterial blood-gas analysis. Shortly after the start of laparoscopy and onset of CO2 insufflation, sudden decreases in end-tidal CO2 (Pe'CO2), haemoglobin saturation of oxygen (SpO2), systolic arterial blood pressure and heart rate were observed. Airway pressure increased and pulmonary compliance decreased simultaneously. Insufflation was immediately discontinued and epinephrine (2 mg IV), atropine (0.5 mg IV) and a 50 mL bolus of a polygeline solution were administered without effect. At this time arterial blood-gas analysis revealed a pH of 7.29 and a PaCO2 of 6.8 kPa (51.2 mmHg); PaO2 was 26.6 kPa (199.5 mmHg). After 4 minutes asystole occurred. CONCLUSIONS: The sudden decrease of Pe'CO2 and lung compliance combined with the sudden decrease in systolic blood pressure, heart rate and a poor response to resuscitation suggest a case of fatal gaseous venous embolism. 相似文献
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Francesco Staffieri † DMV PhD Bernd Driessen† ‡ DVM Dr med vet Diplomate ACVA & ECVPT Luca Lacitignola§ DMV PhD & Antonio Crovace DMV 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2009,36(5):502-511
ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that subarachnoid administration of buprenorphine and lidocaine provides more intense and longer lasting perioperative analgesia with less side effects than xylazine and lidocaine in goats.Study designRandomized, blinded, controlled study.Study animals Ten healthy female goats randomly assigned to two groups of five animals each.MethodsAfter sedation with acepromazine (0.1 mg kg?1) intravenously (IV), lidocaine 2% (0.1 mL kg?1) combined with either xylazine (0.05 mg kg?1; Group X) or buprenorphine (0.005 mg kg?1; Group B) were injected intrathecally at the lumbo-sacral junction prior to stifle surgery. Electrocardiogram, heart rate, direct systolic, mean, and diastolic arterial blood pressures, rectal temperature and arterial blood gases were recorded as were post-operative sedation and pain scores using a visual analogue and numeric rating scale, respectively. Data were analyzed with one-way anova for repeated measures, one-way anova, Friedman's and Kruskal–Wallis tests as necessary (p< 0.05).ResultsSurgery was successfully performed under both analgesia protocols. Total pain and sedation scores were significantly lower in the B as compared with X group from 3–24 hours and 30–120 minutes, respectively after subarachnoid drug administration (SDA). Heart rate and arterial blood pressures decreased post SDA and were consistently lower in X versus B (p< 0.05). In B arterial blood gas parameters did not change post SDA, but in group X PaCO2 increased slightly within 15 minutes of SDA and remained elevated for at least 3 hours (p< 0.05).ConclusionIn these goats intrathecal administration of buprenorphine and lidocaine produced more profound and longer lasting analgesia with less sedation and hemodynamic and respiratory impairment than xylazine with lidocaine.Clinical relevanceIn these goats undergoing hind limb surgery, subarachnoid buprenorphine/lidocaine offered more intense and longer lasting analgesia than a xylazine/lidocaine combination, with less sedation and impairment of cardiopulmonary function. 相似文献
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G. Moretti F. Birettoni D. Caivano S. Nannarone A. Crovace F. Porciello A. Bufalari 《The Journal of small animal practice》2021,62(2):150-155
This case series describes a novel mini coeliotomy approach using a radial, atraumatic self-retaining retractor for the retrieval of migrant plant foreign bodies from the iliopsoas muscles of six male dogs under intra-operative ultrasonographic guidance. Four dogs had a history of pulmonary disease potentially compatible with inhalation of a foreign body approximately 2–4 months before presentation. Under ultrasonographic guidance, the grass awns were identified in the iliopsoas muscle and were completely removed. In this case series, the annular ring device provided an excellent view of the surgical field for intra-abdominal manipulations. Patient follow-up at 15 days and 6 to 12 months after surgery indicated a full recovery, and no grass awn fragment residues were identified. 相似文献