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Influence of caudal epidural analgesia on cortisol concentrations and pain‐related behavioral responses in mares during and after ovariectomy via colpotomy 
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Marc KnobbeDavid Levine DVM DACVS Perry HabeckerLiberty Getman DVM DACVS Jill BeechRegina Turner VMD PhD DACT 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2012
Prostatic masses were detected in two geldings that were presented to our referral hospital for evaluation of dysuria. The masses were detected during transrectal palpation and ultrasonography of the prostate gland and were further evaluated using urethral endoscopy. A 10-year-old gelding underwent intraurethral debulking of the prostatic mass. Histopathological diagnosis was prostatic cystadenoma. The mass regrew within 9 months, and the horse was euthanized due to deteriorating clinical control of urinary continence. In another case, a 12-year-old gelding was scheduled for transurethral debulking; however, the owners decided against treatment and the horse was euthanized due to progression of clinical disease. Postmortem examination revealed the prostate to be nearly completely obliterated by the mass. Histopathological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma incorporated into a spindle cell population of unknown histogenesis. To our knowledge, these represent the first reported cases of equine prostatic cystadenoma and adenocarcinoma. In both horses, referring complaint was dysuria, and identification of the prostatic mass was made on palpation and ultrasonographic examination per rectum. Treatment options for prostatic masses in horses are limited because of the difficulty of obtaining prostatic tissue via biopsy, the surgical inaccessibility of the gland, and the apparent low incidence of occurrence. We have subsequently identified prostatic masses in two additional geldings, both also presenting for dysuria. However, the exact nature of these two apparent prostatic masses has not been definitively diagnosed with histopathological examinations to date. The prostate should be evaluated in male horses presenting for dysuria. 相似文献
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S. Rochelle Lewis Kurt ZimmermanJohn J. Dascanio VMD DACT DABVP R. Scott PleasantSharon G. Witonsky DVM PhD DACVIM 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2009
A 15 year-old Thoroughbred mare was examined for lethargy, fever, and inappetence of 1-day duration. A hard-bodied tick was removed from the horse. A complete blood count (CBC) demonstrated leukopenia with lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia. Morulae were visualized in circulating granulocytes. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed the identity of these organisms as Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The horse was treated symptomatically for fever and inappetence with flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg [0.5 mg/lb]) and oral electrolyte paste. Oxytetracycline (6.6 mg/kg [3 mg/lb] intravenously every 24 hours) treatment was begun as soon as a definitive diagnosis was determined. The mare responded to treatment, but she was switched to oral doxycycline (10 mg/kg [4.5 mg/lb] every 12 hours) after 5 days because of perivascular swelling at the injection site. Complete resolution of clinical signs was seen. There was no evidence of recurrence 1 year later. No additional horses at the farm were affected. The horse in this report presented for lethargy, inappetence, and fever, with limited other abnormalities. This represents a classical presentation of a mild to moderate case of anaplasmosis, which had not previously been reported in Virginia. The disease may be more widespread than has been previously reported, and it should warrant inclusion on a complete differential diagnosis list in a case of fever of unknown origin. 相似文献
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Evaluation of a method to assess digitally recorded surgical skills of novice veterinary students 下载免费PDF全文
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Ryan A. Ferris Julia K. VeirMichael R. Lappin DVM PhD DACVIM Patrick M. McCue DVM PhD DACT 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014
Microbial culture from a double-guarded culture swab is commonly used to diagnose infectious endometritis. The objective of this study was to develop a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay to detect a broad range of bacteria from equine uterine samples. Twenty-seven mares with a clinical history of endometritis had a double-guarded culture swab collected for analysis by qPCR and microbial cultures. An additional 12 mares had a uterine biopsy sample collected for qPCR analysis, microbial culture, and histopathology. Subsequently, a double-guarded culture swab for microbial culture and a cytology brush sample were also collected. The qPCR assay detected bacterial DNA in nine of 27 mares from a double-guarded swab and six of 12 mares from an endometrial biopsy. Positive microbial growth was detected in nine of 27 mares and four of 12 mares from a double-guarded culture swab. Bacterial DNA was detected in two of 27 mares and two of 12 mares without subsequent microbial growth. The simple presence of an organism's DNA allows for detection by nonculture-based systems, both live and dead organisms can be identified. In conclusion, the qPCR assay was determined to be a sensitive diagnostic technique for identifying pathogens associated with infectious endometritis. The primary application of the qPCR assay is detection of potential pathogenic bacteria in the uterus of a mare suspected of having infectious endometritis when a traditional microbial culture is negative. Further work is warranted to determine if mares positive for bacterial DNA and negative for microbial culture are affected clinically. 相似文献
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David Bennett Scofield Luke A. WittenburgRyan A. Ferris DVM MS DACT Daniel L. GustafsonPatrick M. McCue DVM PhD DACT 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013
The objective of this study was to determine the plasma and endometrial tissue concentrations of orally administered fluconazole and to determine if these tissue levels surpassed the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Candida spp. organisms in the reproductive tract of the mare. Mares from study 1 (n = 9) were administered a single oral loading dose of 14 mg/kg fluconazole. Plasma and endometrial tissue samples were collected before fluconazole administration and for 24 hours after the loading dose. Study 2 mares (n = 3), a subset of study 1, were administered the loading dose, followed by maintenance doses of 5 mg/kg every 24 hours for 6 days. Plasma and biopsy samples were collected for 48 hours after the last maintenance dose. High pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentration of fluconazole in all samples. The mean plasma and endometrial fluconazole levels 24 hours after the loading dose were 9.53 ± 0.824 μg/mL (mean ± standard deviation) and 11.3 ± 2.38 μg/g, respectively. Fluconazole levels in plasma and endometrial tissue 24 hours after the last maintenance dose were 7.82 ± 1.81 μg/mL and 7.23 ± 3.86 μg/g, respectively. Oral fluconazole administered as a 14-mg/kg loading dose and a 5-mg/kg maintenance dose every 24 hours will result in endometrial tissue levels near the accepted MIC values for most Candida spp. and surpass the MIC for Candida albicans in the reproductive tract of the mare. Consequently, this dosage regimen could be considered for the treatment of infectious endometritis caused by susceptible fungal organisms of Candida spp. in the mare. 相似文献