RADIOGRAPHIC VISUALIZATION OF THE RUMINANT UPPER URINARY TRACT BY A DOUBLE CONTRAST TECHNIQUE     

A. P. Singh  MVSc  PhD  Jit  Singh  MVSc  PhD  H. D. Williamson  MA  BA  DCR  P. K. Peshin  MVSc  J. M. Nigam  MVSc  PhD  FRVAC 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1983,24(3):106-111

The ruminant urinary tract is normally obscured by abdominal viscera, which hampers rediographic investigation by conventional urographic methods. A double contrast technique that uses pneumoperitoneum in conjunction with excretory urography is described. Bolus and infusion urographic techniques were used in sheep and calves. Only the infusion technique was used in cows. The radiographic anatomy of the upper urinary tract in these animals is described. Visualization of the nephrogram and collecting system varied, depending on the method of excretory urography used.  相似文献