Ü ein Vorkommen der Hauptfruchtform von Potebniamyces coniferarum (Hahn) Smerlis an der Douglasie     

B. Von Holz  H. Butin 《Forest Pathology》1972,2(3):129-133

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Clinical exercise testing in the normal Thoroughbred racehorse   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

RJ ROSE  DK HENDRICKSON  PK KNIGHT 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(10):345-348

To evaluate normal cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses of Thoroughbred horses to a standardised treadmill exercise test, we examined 28 horses ranging in age from 1 to 4 years. The group consisted of eight yearlings, eight 2-year-olds and twelve 3 and 4-year-olds. All horses except the yearlings were in training, and either racing or ready to race, at the time of examination. None of the horses had histories of performance problems. On the first day the horses received a full physical examination, resting electrocardiogram, upper respiratory tract endoscopy and either one or two acclimatisation runs on the treadmill. The following day they were given an exercise test on a treadmill inclined at 6 degrees (+10% slope). The test consisted of 3 min at 4 m/sec, 90 sec at 6 m/sec and 60 sec intervals at 8, 10, 11, 12 and 13 m/sec. During the last 15 sec of each step, blood samples were collected for plasma lactate determination, expired respiratory gases were obtained using an open flow mask system for measurement of oxygen uptake, and heart rate was measured using telemetry electrocardiogram. From these measurements, various derived values were calculated, which have been used by others as indices of exercise capacity. These values included: V200 (speed at HR of 200 bpm), VHRmax (speed at which horses reached maximum HR), VO2-200 (oxygen uptake at a HR of 200 bpm), VO2max (maximum oxygen uptake), VLA4 (speed at which horses reached a plasma lactate of 4 mmol/l) and HRLA4 (HR at which horses reached a plasma lactate of 4 mmol/l). The yearlings had significantly lower values than the older age groups for most of the derived values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Effect of soil drying on mucilage exudation and its water repellency: a new method to collect mucilage          下载免费PDF全文

Mutez A. Ahmed  Maire Holz  Susanne K. Woche  Jörg Bachmann  Andrea Carminati 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2015,178(6):821-824

Despite the importance of mucilage for soil–plant relations, little is known about the effect of soil drying on mucilage exudation. We introduce a method to collect mucilage from maize growing in wet and dry soils. Mucilage was collected from brace roots. The amount of mucilage exuded did not change with soil water content and transpiration rate. Mucilage exuded in dry soils had a higher degree of hydrophobicity, suggesting that the wetting properties of mucilage change in response to soil drying.  相似文献   

Cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane in Holstein calves     

SA Greene DVM  MS  DiplomateACVA    RD Keegan DVM  DiplomateACVA    RA Valdez† DVM  & DK Knowles† DVM  PhD 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2002,29(2):59-63

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane in calves. Study design Prospective experimental study. Animals Six, healthy, 8–12‐week‐old Holstein calves weighing 80 ± 4.5 (mean ± SEM) kg were studied. Methods Anesthesia was induced by face‐mask administration of 7% sevoflurane in O₂. Calves tracheae were intubated, placed in right lateral recumbency, and maintained with 3.7% end‐tidal concentration sevoflurane for 30 minutes to allow catheterization of the auricular artery and placement of a Swan‐Ganz thermodilution catheter into the pulmonary artery. After instrumentation, administration of sevoflurane was temporarily discontinued until mean arterial pressure was > 100 mm Hg. Baseline values were recorded and the vaporizer output increased to administer 3.7% end‐tidal sevoflurane concentration. Ventilation was controlled to maintain normocapnia. The following were recorded at 5, 10, 15, 30 and 45 minutes after collection of baseline data and expressed as the mean value (± SEM): direct systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures; cardiac output; mean pulmonary arterial pressure; pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure, heart rate; and pulmonary arterial temperature. Cardiac index and systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance values were calculated using standard formulae. Arterial blood gases were analyzed at baseline, and at 15 and 45 minutes. Differences from baseline values were determined using one‐way analysis of variance for repeated measures with post‐hoc differences between mean values identified using Dunnet's test (p < 0.05). Results Mean time from beginning sevoflurane administration to intubation of the trachea was 224 ± 9 seconds. The mean end‐tidal sevoflurane concentration at baseline was 0.7 (± 0.11)%. Sevoflurane anesthesia was associated with decreased arterial blood pressure at all sampling times. Mean arterial blood pressure decreased from a baseline value of 112 ± 7 mm Hg to a minimum value of 88 ± 4 mm Hg at 5 minutes. Compared with baseline, arterial pH was decreased at 15 minutes. Pulmonary arterial blood temperature was decreased at 15, 30 and 45 minutes. Arterial CO₂ tension increased from a baseline value of 43 ± 3 to 54 ± 4 mm Hg (5.7 ± 0.4 to 7.2 ± 0.3 kPa) at 15 minutes. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure was increased at 30 and 45 minutes. Pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure increased from a baseline value of 18 ± 2 to 23 ± 2 mm Hg at 45 minutes. There were no significant changes in other measured variables. All calves recovered from anesthesia uneventfully. Conclusion We conclude that sevoflurane for induction and maintenance of anesthesia was effective and reliable in these calves and that neither hypotension nor decreased cardiac output was a clinical concern. Clinical relevance Use of sevoflurane for mask induction and maintenance of anesthesia in young calves is a suitable alternative to injectable and other inhalant anesthetics.  相似文献   

Neurological bacterial diseases in possums and gliders: a review of eight cases     

Holz PH  Graham KJ 《Australian veterinary journal》2008,86(8):301-302

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Enhanced atrazine degradation is widespread across the United States          下载免费PDF全文

Thomas C Mueller  Ethan T Parker  Larry Steckel  Sharon A Clay  Micheal DK Owen  William S Curran  Randall Currie  Robert Scott  Christy Sprague  Daniel O Stephenson  Donnie K Miller  Eric P Prostko  W James Grichar  James Martin  L Jason Kruz  Kevin Bradley  Mark L Bernards  Peter Dotray  Stevan Knezevic  Vince Davis  Robert Klein 《Pest management science》2017,73(9):1953-1961

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Low expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit Mdα2 in neonicotinoid‐resistant strains of Musca domestica L.     

Mette DK Markussen  Michael Kristensen 《Pest management science》2010,66(11):1257-1262

BACKGROUND: Neonicotinoid action as well as resistance involves interaction with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). In the housefly, neonicotinoid resistance also involves cytochrome P450, as indicated by bioassay with synergist as well as altered expression. In bioassay, synergism was only partial and indicated possible target‐site resistance. The nAChR α2 subunit is important in neonicotinoid toxicity to insects, and gene expression of the Mdα2 subunit was investigated in field populations and laboratory strains of neonicotinoid‐resistant and insecticide‐susceptible houseflies, Musca domestica L. The genomic sequence covering exon III–VII of Mdα2 was analysed for mutations. RESULTS: Gene expression profiling of Mdα2 revealed notable differences between neonicotinoid‐resistant and insecticide‐susceptible houseflies. On average, the neonicotinoid‐resistant field population 766b and the imidacloprid selected strain 791imi had 60% lower copy numbers of Mdα2 compared with the susceptible reference strain. Sequencing of exon III–VII of the Mdα2, encoding acetylcholine binding‐site regions and three out of four transmembrane domains, did not reveal any mutations explaining the increased neonicotinoid tolerance in the strains examined. CONCLUSION: Previous discoveries and the results of this study suggest that the neonicotinoid resistance mechanism in Danish houseflies involves both cytochrome P450 monooxygenase‐mediated detoxification and reduced expression of the nAChR subunit α2. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Multiply-primed rolling-circle amplification (MPRCA) of PCV2 genomes: Applications on detection, sequencing and virus isolation     

Diogenes Dezen  Franciscus Antonius Maria Rijsewijk  Thais Fumaco Teixeira  Carine Lidiane Holz  Samuel Paulo Cibulski  Ana Cláudia Franco  Odir Antonio Dellagostin  Paulo M. Roehe 《Research in veterinary science》2010,88(3):436-440

Multiply-primed rolling-circle amplification (MPRCA) was used to amplify porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) genomes isolated from tissues of pigs with signs of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Two of the amplified PCV2 genomes were cloned in prokaryotic plasmids and sequenced. Both were nearly identical (1767 nt) except for one silent substitution in the region coding for the capsid protein (ORF2). In addition, they showed high nucleotide sequence similarity with PCV2 isolates from others countries (93–99%). To investigate whether the MPRCA amplified PCV2 genomes could be used to produce infectious virus, the cloned genomes were isolated from the plasmids, recircularized and used for transfection in PK-15 cells. This procedure led to the production of infectious virus to titres up to 10^5.55 TCID₅₀/mL. It was concluded that MPRCA is a useful tool to amplify PCV2 genomes aiming at sequencing and virus isolation strategies, where particularly useful is the fact that it allows straightforward construction of PCV2 infectious clones from amplified genomes. However, it was less sensitive than PCR for diagnostic purposes.  相似文献   

Silicon,biological seed treatment and cutting reduce the intensity of leaf spot diseases affecting Lolium multiflorum     

Alfonso D. Victoria Arellano  Emanueli B. Furtado  Tailine M. Holz  Paulo C. Pazdiora  Gustavo M. da Silva  Emerson M. Del Ponte  Leandro J. Dallagnol 《Plant pathology》2022,71(5):1056-1065

Italian ryegrass is a major pasture crop cultivated mainly for feeding cattle in southern Brazil. The choice of crop is based on nutritional quality and the shortage of pastures that occur during the winter in the southernmost part of Brazil. In this region, the production of biomass and seeds are threatened by diseases, in particular fungal diseases that affect the foliage. In this study we identified and monitored the natural occurrence of a complex of leaf spotting diseases and evaluated the effects of combined management practices to reduce the intensity of foliar diseases: seed treatment with Trichoderma atroviride, soil amendment with silicon and cutting frequency (none, one or two cuts). Three diseases were present in a two-season experiment: grey leaf spot (Pyricularia oryzae), brown leaf spot (Bipolaris sorokiniana) and parrot's eye leaf spot (Cercospora sp.). Grey leaf spot had the highest severity, regardless of treatment, during the first season, and was the only disease present in the following season. Grey leaf spot dominated, and plants receiving only one cut were more prone to P. oryzae infection. The treatments with silicon or T. atroviride reduced the relative disease by 40% to 80%, in relation to untreated and uncut regimes. This study showed the main leaf spot diseases associated with L. multiflorum. Moreover, it demonstrates for the first time in the region the effectiveness of reducing leaf spot via the application of silicon in the soil, inoculation of seeds with T. atroviride and managing the cutting regime.  相似文献   

Coagulation parameters following equine herpesvirus type 1 infection in horses     

M. E. Wilson  C. L. Holz  A. K. Kopec  J. J. Dau  J. P. Luyendyk  G. Soboll Hussey 《Equine veterinary journal》2019,51(1):102-107

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