Novel mechanism of thrips suppression by Cry51Aa2.834_16 Bt toxin expressed in cotton     

Anders S Huseth  Damon A D&#x;Ambrosio  Benjamin T Yorke  Graham P Head  George G Kennedy 《Pest management science》2020,76(4):1492-1499

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Determinants of income-earning strategies and adoption of conservation practices in hillside communities in rural Honduras     

Hans G.P. Jansen  Angel Rodriguez  Amy Damon  John Pender  Jacqueline Chenier  Rob Schipper 《Agricultural Systems》2006

Based on the results of participatory diagnostic surveys conducted in 95 rural communities in the hillsides of Honduras, we determine income earning strategies at the community level; identify their main determinants; and analyze the adoption of of conservation practices. Eight income-earning strategies were distinguished that reflect differences in comparative advantage between communities. We explain the choice of income earning strategy using a multinomial logit model that includes biophysical, economic, social and institutional variables. We use a probit model to show that adoption of conservation practices is determined by the type of income earning strategy, population density, market access, and organizational variables.  相似文献   

Cecal colonization of chicks by bovine-derived strains of Campylobacter     

Ziprin RL  Sheffield CL  Hume ME  Drinnon DL  Harvey RB 《Avian diseases》2003,47(4):1429-1433

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli strains were isolated from feces of dairy cattle at farms with no known problem due to campylobacteria. Farms were located in the northeast, desert southwest, and Pacific west. Twenty isolates were identified by ribotyping with a RiboPrinter. The ability of these bovine isolates to colonize the ceca of chicks was determined by challenge inoculation and reisolation of the challenge strain from the ceca at 1 and 2 wk after challenge. Isolates recovered from chick ceca were examined by ribotyping to assure they matched the challenge strain. One hundred percent of the bovine-derived challenge strains were capable of colonizing chicks. These results indicate that dairy cattle may be asymptomatic Campylobacter carriers and potential sources of campylobacteria contamination of poultry facilities.  相似文献   

Fertilizer Placement Tests With Potatoes     

T. E. Odland  S. C. Damon 《American Journal of Potato Research》1932,9(8):125-128

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Genetic and non-genetic factors affecting germination and vitality in spring barley seed     

O. Chloupek    J. Ehrenbergerová    R. &#;EV&#;IK  P. PA&#;IZIK 《Plant Breeding》1997,116(2):186-188

Germination of eight spring barley varieties, grown in two years at eight different locations in State varietal trials in the Czech republic, was analysed. All the combinations were tested under optimal conditions for germination as recommended by ISTA and also at low temperatures (5 and 10°C), and underwater stress (- 2 and - 4 bar). Germination under low temperature and water stress was considered as a character of seed vitality. Varieties in nearly all experiments were a significant source of variation and their relative contribution to the total variation was higher for vitality (5.7–38.7%) than for germination (2.0–4.3%). However, the percentage of germination were not related to the percentage of vitality. The location in nearly all the experiments caused the greatest variation and the impact was greater for germination than for vitality. Provenance effects were different for germination and for vitality; grains harvested in the lowland had the highest germination values, but not the highest vitality values. The results should encourage breeding for seed vitality and some reconsideration of provenance effects on seed vitality.  相似文献   

Canola genotypes differ in potassium efficiency during vegetative growth   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

P. M. Damon  L. D. Osborne  Z. Rengel 《Euphytica》2007,156(3):387-397

There is no knowledge about the differential capacity of canola genotypes to take up potassium (K) and produce dry matter under conditions of low soil K availability. Hence, 84 canola genotypes were screened for K efficiency in the glasshouse. Plants were grown in sealed pots containing K-responsive, sandy soil without or with K added. Twelve genotypes were selected for advanced screening in the glasshouse in a different K-responsive soil. Genotypes with a mean K efficiency ratio (the ratio of shoot dry weight at deficient and adequate K supply) greater than one standard error above or below the median genotype value were classified as K-efficient or K-inefficient, respectively. There were significant differences between genotypes in the K efficiency ratio in both screening experiments, indicating that genotypes responded differently to K availability. In the initial screening experiment, 19 genotypes were rated as K-efficient and nine genotypes rated as K-inefficient based on the K efficiency ratio. In the advanced screening experiment with 12 genotypes, three genotypes were rated as K-efficient and two as K-inefficient. Genotypes Wesbarker and Rainbow were K-efficient and Genkai K-inefficient in both experiments. Correlation of the K efficiency ratio with (i) shoot K content in the initial and advanced screening and (ii) shoot K concentration in the advanced screening, indicates that the observed differences in K efficiency were due to genotypic differences in both the uptake and the utilization of K. K-efficient genotypes have a potential to improve canola yields on soils with low K availability.  相似文献   

Genome streamlining in a cosmopolitan oceanic bacterium     

Giovannoni SJ  Tripp HJ  Givan S  Podar M  Vergin KL  Baptista D  Bibbs L  Eads J  Richardson TH  Noordewier M  Rappé MS  Short JM  Carrington JC  Mathur EJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,309(5738):1242-1245

The SAR11 clade consists of very small, heterotrophic marine alpha-proteobacteria that are found throughout the oceans, where they account for about 25% of all microbial cells. Pelagibacter ubique, the first cultured member of this clade, has the smallest genome and encodes the smallest number of predicted open reading frames known for a free-living microorganism. In contrast to parasitic bacteria and archaea with small genomes, P. ubique has complete biosynthetic pathways for all 20 amino acids and all but a few cofactors. P. ubique has no pseudogenes, introns, transposons, extrachromosomal elements, or inteins; few paralogs; and the shortest intergenic spacers yet observed for any cell.  相似文献   

Bat diversity in montane rainforest and shaded coffee under different management regimes in southeastern Chiapas, Mexico     

Carlos García Estrada  Anne Damon  Lorena Soto Pinto 《Biological conservation》2006,132(3):351-361

Differences in alpha and beta bat diversity among montane rainforest and five shaded coffee plantations under different management regimes, as well as some environmental factors and vegetation parameters influencing bat richness, were evaluated for the first time in southeastern Chiapas, Mexico. In each site, bats were captured every 2 months from March 2004 to July 2005, with six mist-nets, during two nights, using the capture-recapture method. We captured 2970 individuals of 43 bat species. Montane rainforest had the greatest alpha diversity (H′ = 2.681; n = 37), whereas alpha diversity was similar among coffee plantations (H′ = 2.229-2.364; n = 23-26). The number of frugivorous and nectarivorous species was similar among the sites; the greatest exchange in species composition (beta diversity) occurred for insectivorous bats, which reduce their number in coffee plantations as pesticides are incorporated. Bat richness species was significantly related to the number of vegetation strata, height, and cover of trees. We suggest that coffee plantations could act as corridors, facilitating connection among different elements of the landscape in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas for some frugivorous and nectarivorous bats.  相似文献   

Potential involvement of mammalian and avian uncoupling proteins in the thermogenic effect of thyroid hormones   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Collin A  Cassy S  Buyse J  Decuypere E  Damon M 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2005,29(1):78-87

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Drilling to gabbro in intact ocean crust     

Wilson DS  Teagle DA  Alt JC  Banerjee NR  Umino S  Miyashita S  Acton GD  Anma R  Barr SR  Belghoul A  Carlut J  Christie DM  Coggon RM  Cooper KM  Cordier C  Crispini L  Durand SR  Einaudi F  Galli L  Gao Y  Geldmacher J  Gilbert LA  Hayman NW  Herrero-Bervera E  Hirano N  Holter S  Ingle S  Jiang S  Kalberkamp U  Kerneklian M  Koepke J  Laverne C  Vasquez HL  Maclennan J  Morgan S  Neo N  Nichols HJ  Park SH  Reichow MK  Sakuyama T  Sano T  Sandwell R  Scheibner B  Smith-Duque CE  Swift SA  Tartarotti P  Tikku AA  Tominaga M  Veloso EA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5776):1016-1020

Sampling an intact sequence of oceanic crust through lavas, dikes, and gabbros is necessary to advance the understanding of the formation and evolution of crust formed at mid-ocean ridges, but it has been an elusive goal of scientific ocean drilling for decades. Recent drilling in the eastern Pacific Ocean in Hole 1256D reached gabbro within seismic layer 2, 1157 meters into crust formed at a superfast spreading rate. The gabbros are the crystallized melt lenses that formed beneath a mid-ocean ridge. The depth at which gabbro was reached confirms predictions extrapolated from seismic experiments at modern mid-ocean ridges: Melt lenses occur at shallower depths at faster spreading rates. The gabbros intrude metamorphosed sheeted dikes and have compositions similar to the overlying lavas, precluding formation of the cumulate lower oceanic crust from melt lenses so far penetrated by Hole 1256D.  相似文献