Immune Function in Critically Ill Dogs          下载免费PDF全文

D. Hoffman  J. Amorim  A. DeClue 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(1):208-216

Background

People with critical illness (CI) commonly develop various forms of immune dysfunction, however, there is limited information concerning immune dysfunction in dogs with CI.

Hypothesis

The immune response in CI dogs differs from that of healthy dogs.

Animals

Immunologic variables were compared between 14 dogs with CI, defined as APPLE_fast score of >20 points, admitted to the University of Missouri Veterinary Health Center Small Animal Clinic Intensive Care Unit and healthy controls (n = 15).

Methods

Cohort study evaluating constitutive and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐10 production, phagocytosis of opsonized E. coli and respiratory burst capacity after opsonized E. coli or phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) stimulation, peripheral blood lymphocyte phenotype, and monocyte expressions of HLA‐DR and TLR‐4.

Results

Lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated leukocyte TNF‐α (median, Q1, Q3; CI, 49, 49, 120; control, 655, 446, 1174 pg/mL; P = < 0.001), IL‐6 (median, Q1, Q3; CI, 49, 49, 64; control, 100, 49, 166 pg/mL; P = 0.029), and IL‐10 (CI, 49, 49, 56; control, 96, 49, 203 pg/mL; P = 0.014) production and both E. coli (median, Q1, Q3; CI, 60.5, 43, 88.5; control, 86.6, 81, 89.2%; P = 0.047) and PMA (CI, 40, 11.7, 70; control, 93, 83, 97.6%; P = < 0.001)‐stimulated respiratory burst capacity significantly decreased in CI dogs. Percentage of monocytes expressing TLR‐4 greater in the CI dogs (median, Q1, Q3; CI, 46.9, 24.3, 64.2; control, 16.4, 9.4, 26.2%; P = 0.005).

Conclusion

These findings suggest dogs with CI develop immune system alterations that result in reduced respiratory burst function and cytokine production despite upregulation of TLR‐4.  相似文献   

In this issue – December 2015          下载免费PDF全文

AE Jackson 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(12):431-432

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In this issue – November 2016          下载免费PDF全文

AE Jackson 《Australian veterinary journal》2016,94(11):395-396

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In this issue – June 2011     

AE Jackson 《Australian veterinary journal》2011,89(6):197-198

Computer model predictions and field observations of anthelmintic resistance in sheep · Dangers of off‐label use of barium selenate · Elbow luxation in dogs and cats · Prognosis of joint infections in adult horses · Omentalisation for mediastinal abscess in a dog · Adenoviruses in lizards  相似文献   

Acute respiratory distress syndrome in dogs and cats: a review of clinical findings and pathophysiology     

Amy E. DeClue  DVM  MS  DACVIM    Leah A. Cohn  DVM  PhD  DACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2007,17(4):340-347

Objective: To review the clinical and pathophysiologic aspects of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in dogs and cats. Data sources: Data from human and veterinary literature were reviewed through Medline and CAB as well as manual search of references listed in articles pertaining to acute lung injury (ALI)/ARDS. Human data synthesis: Since the term ARDS was first coined in 1967, there has been a abundance of literature pertaining to this devastating syndrome in human medicine. More complete understanding of the complex interactions between inflammatory cells, soluble mediators (e.g., tumor necrosis factor, interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, platelet activating factor) and the clinical patient has provided for timely recognition and mechanistically based protective strategies decreasing morbidity and mortality in human patients with ARDS. Veterinary data synthesis: Although little is known, ARDS is becoming a more commonly recognized sequela in small animals. Initial case reports and retrospective studies have provided basic clinical characterization of ARDS in dogs and cats. Additionally, information from experimental models has expanded our understanding of the inflammatory mechanisms involved. It appears that the inflammatory processes and pathologic changes associated with ARDS are similar in dogs, cats, and humans. Conclusions: Unfortunately, current mortality rates for ARDS in small animals are close to 100%. As our capability to treat patients with advanced life‐threatening disease increases, it is vital that we develop a familiarity with the pathogenesis of ARDS. Understanding the complex inflammatory interactions is essential for determining effective preventative and management strategies as well as designing novel therapies for veterinary patients.  相似文献   

In this issue – September 2009     

AE Jackson 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(9):345-346

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An outbreak of primary photosensitisation in lambs secondary to consumption of Biserrula pelecinus (biserrula)          下载免费PDF全文

AE Kessell  GE Ladmore  JC Quinn 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(5):174-178

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Acute renal failure associated with Amaranthus species ingestion by lambs          下载免费PDF全文

AE Kessell  J Boulton  GL Krebs  JC Quinn 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(6):208-213

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MY THANKS TO OUR REVIEWERS AND EDITORS     

AE Jackson 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(4):90-92

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Pharmacokinetics and preliminary safety data of a single oral dose of bosentan,a dual endothelin receptor antagonist,in cats     

N. Puza  M. G. Papich  C. Reinero  C.‐H. Chang  D.‐H. Yu  C. Sharp  A. DeClue 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2014,37(2):192-195

The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties and adverse effect profile of single‐dose oral bosentan, a dual endothelin receptor antagonist, in healthy cats. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined following a single mean ± SD oral dose of 3.2 ± 0.6 mg/kg of bosentan in 6 adult cats. Blood was collected for quantification of bosentan via high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Blood and urine were evaluated for CBC, plasma biochemical profile, and urinalysis, and repeat physical examinations were performed to evaluate for adverse effects. The mean terminal half‐life of bosentan was 20.4 ± 17.2 h. The mean peak plasma concentration was 0.49 ± 0.24 g/mL, and the mean time to maximum plasma concentration was 6.8 ± 8.6 h. The area under the curve was 5.14 ± 3.81 h·μg/mL. Oral bosentan tablets were absorbed in cats, and no clinically important adverse events were noted. Further evaluation of repeat dosing, investigation into the in vivo efficacy of decreasing endothelin‐1 concentrations in cats, as well as safety in conjunction with other medications is warranted.  相似文献