Haematological and biochemical investigations of diseased koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)     

PJ CANFIELD  ME O'NEILL†  EF SMITH† 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(9):269-272

Haematological and biochemical investigations were performed on 14 koalas with uncomplicated cystitis, 8 with complicated cystitis, 8 with conjunctivitis, 8 with lymphosarcoma, and 14 with miscellaneous diseases. Changes were limited and inconsistent in individual koalas with uncomplicated cystitis and conjunctivitis. In contrast, individual koalas with complicated cystitis were more likely to have anaemia, leukocytosis due to neutrophilia, hypoproteinaemia due to hypoalbuminaemia, and azotaemia due to elevated urea concentration. Although these changes were non-specific they did allow assessment of prognosis for survival and response to treatment. Koalas with lymphosarcoma were invariably anaemic, leukaemic, azotaemic and hypoalbuminaemic. Elevated enzymes (aspartate transaminase [AST]. lactate dehydrogenase [LD] and gamma glutamyl transferase [GGT]) were more common in koalas with lymphosarcoma. Koalas affected by miscellaneous conditions showed variable changes but once again anaemia, leukocytosis, azotaemia, elevated AST and LD, and hypoalbuminaemia were not uncommon. On the basis of these findings a minimal profile is suggested for the investigation of sick koalas and would include haematocrit, total and differential leukocyte counts, urea, total protein and albumin concentrations and AST, GGT and LD activities.  相似文献   

Simulation study of the competitive ability of erect, semi-erect and prostrate cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

G WANG  ME MCGIFFEN JR  JL LINDQUIST†  JD EHLERS  & I SARTORATO‡ 《Weed Research》2007,47(2):129-139

Ecophysiological simulation models provide a quantitative method to predict the effects of management practices, plant characteristics and environmental factors on crop and weed growth and competition. The INTERCOM interplant competition model was parameterised, calibrated by monoculture data for three cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes that differed in growth habit, common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and common purslane (Portulaca oleracea), and used to simulate competition of cowpea cover crops with sunflower or purslane. The simulation results were compared with observations from field competition experiments in 2003 and 2004. INTERCOM more accurately simulated actual field data for the competition of cowpea genotypes and sunflower than companion field experiments for the competition of cowpea and purslane. The validated simulation model of cowpea and sunflower at two densities was used to study the effects of cowpea growth habit on final biomass production of cowpea and sunflower. The model suggested that erect growth habit was more competitive than semi‐erect and prostrate growth habit, when cowpea genotypes were grown with sunflower. Cowpea leaf area distribution was important to higher cowpea biomass production, while cowpea height growth was important to reduce sunflower biomass. Our simulation approach is suggested as a method for crop breeders to gauge the likely success of selection for competitive crops before undertaking expensive long‐term breeding experiments.  相似文献   

Diagnosis and therapy     

ME BERNAYS 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(5):316-316

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Gonadotropin‐induced Puberty Does Not Impair Reproductive Performance of Gilts over Three Parities     

OHO Eckhardt  SMMK Martins  ME Pinese  FC Horta  AC Rosseto  MA Torres  AFC De Andrade  BBD Muro  CT Marino  PHM Rodrigues  AS Moretti 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(6):964-969

The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproductive performance of three parities of gilts treated or not treated with gonadotropin to induce puberty. Sixty gilts received 600 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) followed by 2.5 mg of porcine luteinizing hormone (LH) 72 h later. Fifty‐nine other gilts were exposed only to a mature boar for 15 min twice daily. Artificial insemination (AI) was performed at 0, 12 and 24 h after the detection of oestrus, and gestation was confirmed by ultrasound after 35 days. Sows were inseminated at the first post‐weaning oestrus. The total numbers of piglets born, piglets born alive, stillborn, mummified foetuses, as well as pregnancy and farrowing rates were evaluated for each of the three parities. Culling rates, farrowing intervals and weaning‐to‐oestrous intervals (WEI) were also analysed. Mean age at puberty and oestrous manifestation were not significantly different between treatments (p = 0.0639; 179.20 ± 17.52 compared with 173.96 ± 16.94, 91.66% compared with 94.92%) across the experimental period. However, females that underwent puberty induction showed modest increases both in the number of total pigs born and in the number of piglets born alive. In conclusion, puberty induction through exogenous gonadotropin administration in field conditions did not induce a more concentrated first oestrous manifestation, but trended to a modest increase in the number of pigs born alive in the first parity and a reduced culling rate during the first gestation.  相似文献   

Cortisol does not affect hepatic α- and β-adrenoceptor properties in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)     

S.G. Dugan  T.W. Moon 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1998,18(4):343-352

Distribution and function of hepatic - and -adrenoceptors were examined in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) injected with slow release hydrogenated coconut oil implants alone (sham) or containing cortisol. - and -Adrenoceptors were assayed on purified hepatic membranes 10–14 days post-implantation using ³H-prazosin () and ³H-CGP (). At 10–14 days, plasma cortisol values were significantly elevated to approximately 220 compared with 35.0 ng ml^-1 in cortisol implanted vs. sham trout. No significant differences were found between any of the experimental groups for either the affinity (K_d) or maximal number of binding sites (B_max) for either receptor type. Epinephrine significantly stimulated glucose release from hepatocytes isolated from sham injected trout, but not from cortisol-treated fish. Epinephrine-induced glucose release was blocked by both - and -antagonists. These studies do not support the hypothesis that rainbow trout exposed to chronic cortisol alter properties of hepatic adrenoceptors.  相似文献   

Chitinase production by an Arthrobacter sp. lysing cells of Fusarium roseum     

R.F. Morrissey  E.P. Dugan  J.S. Koths 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1976,8(1):23-28

An Arthrobacter sp. which actively lysed Fusarium roseum was found to liberate chitinase (E.C. 3.2-1.14, chitin glycanohydrolase), an enzyme essential for the hydrolysis of chitin, a major component of fusarial hyphal walls. Factors involved in the production of chitinase were investigated by modifying culture conditions and assaying for enzyme activity. Production occurred on colloidal chitin as well as on native chitin supplemented with yeast extract or peptone. Enzyme production paralleled growth; liberation of enzyme took place during the log phase with the maximum yield being obtained at the stationary phase. Addition of the non-ionic surfactant, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) increased enzyme yield. An inverse relationship was found between the amount of enzyme produced and the quantity of n-acetyl-glucosamine liberated. The enzyme was generally not produced when grown on various other carbohydrates. These findings suggest that chitinase is inducible and that chitin breakdown is regulated by a repressor-inducer mechanism.Initial hydrolysis rates of colloidal chitin were proportional to the concentration of chitinase used. Optimal pH and temperature for enzyme activity were 4.9 and 50°C, respectively. Purification of the chitinase was obtained by (NH₄)₂SO₄ precipitation followed by DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex chromatography, achieving a 12-fold increase in specific activity.  相似文献   

…Changes in the Journal…     

ME Andrew 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(3):81-81

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Biological nitrogen fixation in Lake Erie   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

D L Howard  J I Frea  R M Pfister  P R Dugan 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1970,169(940):61-62

Biological nitrogen fixation, as determined by acetylene reduction, occurs in Lake Erie. Fixation potential by blue-green algae in situ in water and by bacteria in collected sediments was demonstrated. Nitrogen-fixing activity occurred from June through November suggesting that it is significant over the extremes of seasonal variation in light, temperature, and nutrients.  相似文献   

Repression of rearranged mu gene and translocated c-myc in mouse 3T3 cells X Burkitt lymphoma cell hybrids   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

K Nishikura  A ar-Rushdi  J Erikson  E DeJesus  D Dugan  C M Croce 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1984,224(4647):399-402

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Aldrin: removal from lake water by flocculent bacteria     

W O Leshniowsky  P R Dugan  R M Pfister  J I Frea  C I Randles 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1970,169(949):993-995

Floc-forming bacteria isolated from Lake Erie adsorb and concentrate aldrin from colloidal dispersion so that the settling of the bacterial flocs removes aldrin from the water phase. Contemporary sediments forming in Lake Erie contain aldrin and could adsorb more. The sediments consist of a conglomerate floc of bacteria, diatoms, and inorganic and detrital particles. Flocculent bacteria also adsorb microparticulates, and this adsorption capacity represents a mechanism for sediment formation and for the removal of suspended particles including aldrin from the water column.  相似文献