Influence of age on the febrile response to E. coli and S. typhimurium endotoxins in growing pullets.     

F P Gregorut  L C Baptista  A S Paulim  J R Guerreiro  E R Secato  M Macari 《British poultry science》1992,33(4):769-774

1. The effect of bacterial endotoxin injection was studied in growing pullets of different ages. Commercial chicks were divided into 5 groups according to age. Bacterial endotoxins (E. coli and S. typhimurium) were injected intravenously and rectal temperature was measured over a period of 300 min. 2. The results showed no significant effect of age on the febrile response induced by bacterial endotoxins, but a slight tendency towards a reduced fever peak was observed with increasing age. The response latency also increased with age.  相似文献   

Biodegradation of estrogens in stream water     

Giese C  Miethe N  Schlenker G 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2007,120(3-4):141-147

Estrogens of human and animal origin that reach the aquatic environment may enter human or animal organism and act as endocrine disruptors.To investigate the persistency of estrogens in laboratory experiments, estrone respectively 17beta-estradiol were added to stream water sampled from river Spree in Berlin. The concentration of estrone and 17beta-estradiol was quantified using enzyme-immuno-assay. The estrone concentration decreased to less than 5 % of the starting concentration at storage temperature of 5 degrees C within 56 days and at storage temperature of 20 degrees C within 14 days. If the estrone were added to autoclaved stream water, no biodegradation was observed. Biodegradation was enhanced when activated sludge was added. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorenscens and Aeromonas hydrophila in monoculture did not degrade estrone in autoclaved stream water.The concentrations of 17beta-estradiol and estrone decreased similarly.The logistic function proved to be suitable to describe the course of time for the decrease of concentration.  相似文献   

Effects of grazing and rainfall variability on root and shoot decomposition in a semi-arid grassland     

Marcus Giese  Ying Zhi Gao  Ying Zhao  Qingmin Pan  Shan Lin  Stephan Peth  Holger Brueck 《Applied soil ecology》2009,41(1):8-18

Overgrazing increasingly affects large areas of Inner Mongolian semi-arid grasslands. Consequences for ecosystem functions and, in particular, for the decomposition as a key process of ecosystem carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling are still unclear.We studied the effects of grazing on shoot and root decomposition with the litter bag method in a long-term grazing exclosure (UG79), a moderate winter grazed (WG) and a long-term heavily grazed site (HG). We separated the effects of local environmental factors and litter quality as altered by grazing. Growing seasons of average and very low precipitation allowed us to study the effect of inter annual rainfall variability on decomposition.Grazing-induced differences in environmental factors of the three studied grassland sites had no effect on decay rates of shoot and root dry mass. Also differences in litter quality among the grazing sites were not reflected by root decomposition dynamics. The accelerated shoot decay at site HG could not clearly be linked to litter quality parameters. Shoot decay rates were more or less constant, even under very dry conditions. This indicates the possibility of photodegradation (solar UV-B radiation) to control aboveground decomposition in this semi-arid ecosystem. By selecting the best predictors of root decomposition from regression analysis, we found that soil water content was the best parameter explaining the dynamics.Net N immobilization was generally not detected during the decay process of shoot and root. It is likely, when root decomposition is strongly reduced in dry periods, shoot decomposition becomes relatively more important for nutrient cycling. A separate analysis of shoot and root decay dynamics is required in order to describe C and N cycling in this semi-arid grassland. The grazing impact on C and N fluxes through decomposition of plant material likely exhibits a strong interaction with seasonal rainfall pattern.  相似文献   

THE APPLICATION OF ENGINEERING TO THE AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY     

Giese H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1930,71(1845):467-470

  相似文献   

On Introductory Biology Courses     

Giese AC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1946,103(2678):543-544

  相似文献   

THE LONG WAVE-LENGTH LIMIT OF PHOTOLETHAL ACTION IN THE ULTRA-VIOLET     

Giese AC  Leighton PA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1935,81(2089):53-54

  相似文献   

FLUORESCENCE OF CELLS IN THE ULTRAVIOLET     

Giese AC  Leighton PA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1933,77(2004):509-510

  相似文献   

Metabolism of naturally occurring [13C]glucose given orally to horses     

H J Klein  E Schulze  E Deegen  W Giese 《American journal of veterinary research》1988,49(8):1259-1262

In 5 horses, 13CO2/12CO2 ratios in expired air were determined using isotope mass spectroscopy to investigate metabolism of naturally occurring [13C]glucose. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed using maize or beet glucose. Maize has a higher 13C concentration than that of most plants. The 13CO2/12CO2 ratios after OGTT was performed using maize glucose were compared with 13CO2/12CO2 ratios in expired air after OGTT was performed using beet glucose. The ratio also was determined during the period horses were not fed. Using OGTT, all horses were glucose tolerant. The OGTT performed using beet glucose led to minimal changes in 13CO2/12CO2 ratios. The 13CO2/12CO2 ratios decreased significantly (P less than 0.01) when horses were not fed. After oral dosing with maize glucose, 13CO2/12CO2 ratios reached maximal increases 5 hours after dosing and reached baseline values 15 hours after dosing.  相似文献   

On determination of Sr90 in milk by measuring Y90 before the development of Sr90-Y90 equilibrium (a slide rule method)     

W Giese 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1965,12(7):622-628

  相似文献   

Root-released organic acids and phosphorus uptake of two barley cultivars in laboratory and field experiments   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

Tara S. Gahoonia  Farouq Asmar  Henriette Giese  Gunnar Gissel-Nielsen  Niels Erik Nielsen 《European Journal of Agronomy》2000,12(3-4):281-289

A major portion of phosphorus (P) applied as fertilizers is bound in soils as P compounds of variable adsorption strength, reducing the effectiveness of P fertilization. Plant genotypes equipped with mechanisms for utilizing the adsorbed P more efficiently can, therefore, enhance the effectiveness of P fertilization. Such genotypes will also enrich plant gene pools for further analysis and upgrading of P efficiency by selection and breeding. We studied the variation and the mechanisms of P uptake of two winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars Marinka and Sonate (parents of existing 200 haploid progeny lines), by laboratory and field experiments. After cultivation in nutrient solution for 21 days, Marinka produced more roots than Sonate, but similar amounts of dry shoots of lower P content (Marinka 3.4±0.4 mg g⁻¹, Sonate 4.9±0.6 mg g⁻¹). The total P uptake per plant did not differ between the cultivars. Marinka retained more P in roots as indicated by the higher concentration of P in the roots (Marinka 3.9±0.3 mg g⁻¹ and Sonate 3.0±0.4 mg g⁻¹). In sterile nutrient solution culture, the cultivars differed mainly in release of organic acids from the roots, with Marinka releasing three times more citric acid and nearly two times more acetic acid than Sonate. The cultivars had similar root hair lengths and they did not differ (P>0.05) in depletion of available soil P fraction (extracted with 0.5 M NaHCO₃) in the rhizosphere. Marinka absorbed nearly twice as much P from the strongly adsorbed soil P fraction (extracted with 0.1M NaOH). Also under field conditions, Marinka absorbed more P and produced more shoot dry matter. The higher P uptake by Marinka than Sonate can be attributed to its ability to acquire P from strongly adsorbed soil P by releasing more organic acids, especially citric acid, from its roots.  相似文献