Toxoplasmosis in Pallas' cats (Otocolobus felis manul) at the Denver Zoological Gardens.     

David E Kenny  Michael R Lappin  Felicia Knightly  Jeffery Baler  Melissa Brewer  David M Getzy 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2002,33(2):131-138

In May 1996 the Denver Zoological Gardens obtained two male and two female Pallas' cats (Otocolobus felis manul) that were wild-caught in the Ukraine. These animals were part of a group of 16 wild-caught adults (eight male and eight female) imported to the United States and Canada between 1995 and 1996. The Denver Zoological Gardens cats were quarantined at the zoo hospital for approximately I mo. During the quarantine period they were immobilized for physical examination, and sera were obtained from them to evaluate for exposure to Toxoplasma gondii. All cats were positive for T. gondii antibodies by latex agglutination (titers from 1:512 to 1:1,024). After being paired for breeding, one pair produced two litters, and another pair produced four litters, a total of 17 kittens between 1997 and 2001. Four kittens and two young adults died from a disseminated granulomatous and necrotizing inflammation consistent with toxoplasmosis. Toxoplasma gondii infection was confirmed in all six deceased cats by polymerase chain reaction performed on formalin-fixed tissues. An additional five kittens disappeared and were not available for necropsy. The fatality rate from toxoplasmosis was 35.3% (6/17) for cats that were available for necropsy and could have been as high as 64.7% (11/17) if it were assumed that the disappeared kittens were also affected. The Pallas' kitten survival rate at the Denver Zoological Gardens was 35.3%. This article describes the clinical and pathologic features of toxoplasmosis in a group of Pallas' cats at the Denver Zoological Gardens.  相似文献   

Brow suspension for treatment of ptosis and entropion in dogs with redundant facial skin folds     

Willis AM  Martin CL  Stiles J  Kirschner SE 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1999,214(5):660-662

Brow suspension surgery was performed on 7 dogs with redundant facial skin folds, associated ptosis, and entropion. The surgical technique involved subcutaneous placement of polyester mesh strips to suspend the upper eyelid from the dorsal frontalis muscle and the underlying periosteum of the skull. Visual impairment associated with ptosis was resolved in all dogs at the 2 week reevaluation period. Upper eyelid position was maintained in 4 of 7 dogs available for long-term follow-up. One dog developed persistent draining tracts in the region of the implant, and removal of part of the implanted mesh was eventually required. Upper eyelid height in this dog, however, was maintained following mesh removal, probably because of fibrosis around the implant. Brow suspension is an option for surgical management of upper eyelid ptosis and entropion in dogs with redundant skin folds and avoids the need for facial skin fold excision.  相似文献   

Laser flaremetric evaluation of experimentally induced blood-aqueous barrier disruption in cats     

Rankin AJ  Krohne SG  Glickman NW  Glickman LT  Stiles J 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(5):750-756

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether aqueous humor flare, measured by use of laser flaremetry, was proportional to aqueous humor protein concentration and to use laser flaremetry to evaluate disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier (BAB) in cats. ANIMALS: 30 healthy adult cats. PROCEDURE: Laser flaremetry values for all eyes were compared with aqueous humor protein concentrations determined by use of a Coomassie blue microprotein assay. Laser flaremetry was then performed on both eyes before (0 hours) and 4, 8, and 26 hours after initiation of topical application of 2% pilocarpine (q 8 h) to 1 eye of 9 cats or paracentesis of the anterior chamber of 1 eye of 8 cats. Intraocular pressure and pupil size were also determined. Aqueous humor protein concentration was extrapolated from flare values by use of linear regression. RESULTS: There was a linear relationship between flare values and aqueous humor protein concentrations. Topical application of 2% pilocarpine and paracentesis of the anterior chamber caused a breakdown of the BAB that was detected by use of laser flaremetry. The highest mean flare readings after application of pilocarpine or paracentesis were 24.4 and 132.8 pc/ms, respectively, which corresponded to aqueous humor protein concentrations of 85.5 and 434.9 mg/dl, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Paracentesis of the anterior chamber resulted in a more severe breakdown of the BAB in cats than topical application of 2% pilocarpine. Laser flaremetry may be a useful clinical method to detect increases in aqueous flare and, hence, disruptions of the BAB in cats.  相似文献   

Clinical features of avian vacuolar myelinopathy in American coots     

Larsen RS  Nutter FB  Augspurger T  Rocke TE  Tomlinson L  Thomas NJ  Stoskopf MK 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2002,221(1):80-85

OBJECTIVE: To characterize clinical features of avian vacuolar myelinopathy (AVM) in American coots. DESIGN: Case-control study. ANIMALS: 26 AVM-affected American coots and 12 unaffected coots. PROCEDURES: Complete physical, neurologic, hematologic, and plasma biochemical evaluations were performed. Affected coots received supportive care. All coots died or were euthanatized, and AVM status was confirmed via histopathologic findings. RESULTS: 3 severely affected coots were euthanatized immediately after examination. Seventeen affected coots were found dead within 7 days of admission, but 5 affected coots survived > 21 days and had signs of clinical recovery. Abnormal physical examination findings appeared to be related to general debilitation. Ataxia (88%), decreased withdrawal reflexes (88%), proprioceptive deficits (81%), decreased vent responses (69%), beak or tongue weakness (42%), and head tremors (31%), as well as absent pupillary light responses (46%), anisocoria (15%), apparent blindness (4%), nystagmus (4%), and strabismus (4%) were detected. Few gross abnormalities were detected at necropsy, but histologically, all AVM-affected coots had severe vacuolation of white matter of the brain. None of the control coots had vacuolation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Although there was considerable variability in form and severity of clinical neurologic abnormalities, clinical signs common in AVM-affected birds were identified. Clinical recovery of some AVM-affected coots can occur when supportive care is administered. Until the etiology is identified, caution should be exercised when rehabilitating and releasing coots thought to be affected by AVM.  相似文献   

MUSCA LINNAeUS, 1758, AND CALLIPHORA DESVOIDY, 1830     

Stiles CW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1923,57(1467):176

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Prevalence of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus spp. in the conjunctival sac of healthy dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Meredith C. Mouney  Jean Stiles  Wendy M. Townsend  Lynn Guptill  J. Scott Weese 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2015,18(2):123-126

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EIGHTH LIST OF GENERIC NAMES (MAMMALS) UNDER CONSIDERATION IN CONNECTION WITH THE OFFICIAL LIST OF ZOOLOGICAL NAMES     

Stiles CW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1914,40(1019):66-67

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IS IT "FAIR TO SAY THAT HOOKWORM DISEASE HAS ALMOST DISAPPEARED FROM THE UNITED STATES?"     

Stiles CW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1933,77(1992):237-239

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A PLAN TO ENSURE THE DESIGNATION OF GENERIC TYPES. AN OPEN LETTER TO SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGISTS     

Stiles CW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1906,23(592):700-701

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Ecology. Oh the locusts sang, then they dropped dead     

Ostfeld RS  Keesing F 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5701):1488-1489

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