排序方式： 共有5条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1
1.
Kania BF Matczuk J Kania K Buéno L Fioramonti J Romanowicz K Sutiak V 《Polish journal of veterinary sciences》2005,8(3):183-193
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of mechanically induced duodenal distension (DD) and PD 140.548 N-methyl-D-glucamine (a specific peptide antagonist of a CCK1 receptor) premedication on mechanographical reticulo-ruminal activity, animal general behaviour, catecholamines (CA) and the blood plasma cortisol levels, as well as the clinical symptoms of visceral pain induced by DD in sheep. After 24 h fasting, 6 animals, Polish merino sheep were praeanaesthetised by i.m. injection of ketamine (20 mg x kg(-1) b.w.) and anaesthetised with i.v. infusion of pentobarbital (20 mg x kg(-1) b.w.) and a permanent stainless steel cannula (gate cannula) was inserted inside the lateral cerebral ventricle (controlled by cerebrospinal fluid efflux) 10 mm above the bregma and 5 mm laterally from the midline suture using stereotaxic method. Under the same general anaesthesia and analgesia a T-shaped silicon cannula, was inserted into the duodenum (12 cm from pylorus) and a second one was inserted into the dorsal sac of the rumen. During 7 consecutive days after surgery each animal was treated i.m. with procaine penicillin (300000 I.U..kg(-1) b.w.), dihydrostreptomycine (DHS, 10 microg x kg(-1) b.w.), prednisolone acetate 1.2 mg x kg(-1) b.w.) together and i.m. injection of ketamine (20 mg x kg(-1) b.w.), separetely. The influence of PD 140.548 N-methyl-D-glucamine on the unfavourable effects of duodenal distension using a 10 cm long balloon filled with 40 and 80 ml (DD40 and DD80) water at animal body temperature was investigated in this study. Five minutes DD40 and DD80 caused an immediate and compete inhibition of the reticulo-ruminal frequency, a significant increase in plasma CA and cortisol levels, an increase in the heart rate, hyperventilation and other symptoms of pain, proportionally to the degree of intestinal distension. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of PD 140.548 alone at a dose of 0.25, 0.5, 1 or 2 mg in toto did not significantly change the reticulo-ruminal motility, CA and cortisol concentrations, but 10 min after the i.c.v. infusion (or 10 min before DD) at a dose 1 and 2 mg in toto , it completely blocked the increase of blood plasma cortisol, epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) concentrations for 20 min. In the some time it prevented the reticulo-ruminal atony provocked by DD. It is concluded that PD 140.548 N-methyl-D-glucamine--an antagonist of the central CCK1 receptor can be an effective analgesic agent in duodenal pain. This action is due to the inhibition of peripheral CCK1 type receptor in the central descending nerve pathway, facilitating pain transmission in sheep perhaps in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. 相似文献
2.
Effects of loperamide hydrochloride on experimental diarrhea and gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity in calves 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The antidiarrheal action of loperamide hydrochloride was tested against diarrhea experimentally induced in calves by intraduodenal infusion of castor oil or hypertonic solution of mannitol. The motility of 4 levels of the digestive tract (abomasum, jejunum, and proximal and spiral loops of the colon) was concomitantly recorded, using an electromyographic technique. Loperamide hydrochloride given per os at 0.4 mg/kg or intraduodenally or subcutaneously at 0.1 mg/kg 1 hour before mannitol or castor oil was given delayed diarrhea. Loperamide hydrochloride given alone orally at a dosage of 0.4 mg/kg did not modify the motility pattern of the digestive tract. Intraduodenally administered loperamide hydrochloride (0.1 mg/kg) increased the frequency of the cyclic activity of the jejunum, whereas subcutaneously administered loperamide hydrochloride at the same dose selectively inhibited the motility of the jejunum. Intraduodenal infusion of mannitol was followed by a disruption of the cyclic activity of the jejunum, and this effect was not antagonized by loperamide hydrochloride, whatever the route of administration. Castor oil infusion was not accompanied with changes in gastrointestinal motility. These results indicate that loperamide hydrochloride is active against an experimentally induced diarrhea in calves and that this action is not mediated through an effect on the digestive motility, at least monitored by this electromyographic technique. 相似文献
3.
Kania BF Matczuk J Romanowicz K Buéno L Fioramonti J Kania K 《Polish journal of veterinary sciences》2002,5(1):35-42
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of mechanically induced duodenal distension (DD) and lorglumide (CCK1 receptor antagonist) premedication on electrical activity of various parts of gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the blood plasma cortisol level in sheep. The influence of lorglumide on the unfavourable effects of duodenal distension (performed with a balloon filled with water--40 and 80 ml; DD40 and DD80) was investigated in this study. These effects in sheep were as follows: the atony of forestomachs and abomasum and the transitory stimulation of myoelectrical activity of small intestine and distal parts of large intestine. The animals, under general anaesthesia, had electrodes inserted into the muscular layers of the organ, the duodenal fistula and (in another group of animals) also the ruminal fistula. Five minute duodenal distension (DD40 and DD80) caused an immediate and complete inhibition of the frequency of spike bursts as well as reticulo-ruminal and abomasal contractions, but also a transitory significant increase of spike bursts of the intestinal wall. The duodenal distension (DD40 and DD80) caused a significant increase of plasma cortisol concentration. Lorglumide did not significantly change the motility of gastrointestinal tract and cortisol concentration, but 10 min after the intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion in the doses of 1 and 2 mg in toto (i.e. 25 and 50 micrograms/kg B.W.) it decreased the cortisol concentration by 59.7%, as compared with the control values. Lorglumide administered in the above mentioned doses 10 min before the DD40 prevented all signs of intestinal stress and decreased the release of cortisol, but only for 10 min since the beginning of the duodenal distension. It is concluded, that lorglumide--an antagonist of the central CCK1 receptors can be an effective antistressoric agent in the stomach atony caused by the duodenal distension (mechanical-algetic-emotional stress) in sheep. 相似文献
4.
The evaluation of the role of CCK in the opioid modulation of the motility of the gastrointestinal tract in sheep 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Kania Brikas BuÉno Fioramonti & Zaremba-Rutkowska 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1999,22(2):153-160
The participation of central cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8) receptors in the modulatory effect of D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly5-ol enkephalin (DAGO), a selective mu-opioid receptor agonist, on the spike burst activity of the gastrointestinal tract (rumen, reticulum, antrum, duodenum, colon and caecum) in sheep was investigated. DAGO was infused intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) at doses of 0.1-1 microg/kg body weight (BW). It was shown that DAGO significantly inhibited myoelectrical activity of the wall of the forestomachs, abomasum and colon but stimulated this activity in the duodenum (rate of myoelectrical migrant complex-MMC). The effects of DAGO were prevented by CCK-8 antagonists (L-364.718 and L-365.260) previously infused at doses of 5-20 microg/kg BW. The results of this present study indicate that central receptors of CCK-8 participated in the modulatory action of an opioid on myoelectrical activity of the gastrointestinal tract in sheep. Furthermore, this result suggests that CCK-8 is released in response to mu-receptor stimulation, because CCK-8 antagonists (L-364.718 and L-365.260) prevented the modulatory action of DAGO on the gastrointestinal motility in sheep. 相似文献
5.
Motility patterns of the intestine were studied by electromyography in neonate (calf) and adult (sheep) ruminants. The motor effects of spasmolytics and morphinomimetics are described in both health and digestive disturbances, (acidosis, parasitism, molasses). In control animals, the electrical activity of the small intestine consisted of two phases of irregular and regular spiking activity, propagated every 2–3 hours along the entire small bowel. The electromyograms of the large intestine exhibited (i) phasic and propagated contractions of the caecum and proximal colon and (ii) tonic unpropagated activity of the spiral colon.In all disturbances investigated, spiral colon activity decreased. The small intes tine motor profile was replaced by a typical minute rhythm in grain overload and strongylosis, a pattern also recorded after an intraduodenal administration of hypertonic solutions. Diarrhea observed in acidosis or molasses (sheep) and of infectious origin (calf) did not disrupt the cyclic activity of the small intestine.The anticholinergic drugs were active in diarrhea by an inhibition of the small intestine activity. By contrast, morphine and synthetic antidiarrheal drugs reduced the diarrhea by enhancement of the activity of the spiral colon.
Kurzfassung Es wurde die motorische Darmaktivität der Wiederkäuer bei Elektromyographie bei dem neugeborenen Kalb und dem erwachsenen Schaf untersucht. Die motorischen Wirkungen der spasmolytischen und morphinomimetischen Stoffe werden bei kranken und gesurden Tieren beschrieben.Bei Kontrolltieren besteht die elektrische Darmaktivität aus zwei Phasen: einer unregelmässigen und einer regelmässigen, welche dem, Dünndarm entlang alle 2 bis 3 Stunden propagiert wird.Das Elektromyogramm des Dickdarms zeigt (i) phasische Kontraktionen, die auf das Caecum und proximal Colon propagiert werden und (ii) tonische Kontraktionen, die im Sigmoid lokalisiert sind.Bei allen berücksichtigten Störungen, ist die Aktivität des Spiral Colon immer vermindert. Die motorische Dünndarmaktivität wird durch einen typischen Aktivitätsrythmus bei Getreideüberlastung und im Falle von Strongylose ersetzt.Diese Aktivität wird auch nach intraduodenaler Verabreichung von hypertonischen Lösungen festgestellt.Die beim Schaf, mit der Acidose oder der Aufnahne von Melassen zusammenhägenden Durchfälle oder infektiösen Ursprungs, werden nicht von einer solchen Desorganisation der zyklischen Dünndarmaktivität begleitet.Die anticholinergische Stoffe wirken gegen der Durchfall durch Hemmung der Dünndarmaktivität.Dagegen erfolgen die Morphine und die morphinomimetischen Aufbaustoffe eine Verstärkung der Spiralcolonaktivität.
Resume Le profil moteur de l'intestin des ruminants a été étudié par électromyographie chez le veau nouveau-né et le mouton adulte. Les effets moteurs-des agents spasmolytiques et morphinomimétiques sont décrits chez le sujet sain et malade (acidose, parasitisme, régime à base de mélasse). Chez les témoins, l'activité électrique de l'intestin comprend deux phases, l'une irrégulière et l'autre régulière, propagées le long de l'intestin grêle toutes les 2 à 3 heures. L'électromyogramme du gros intestin présente (i) des contractions phasiques et propagées sur le caecum et le côlon proximal et (ii) des contractions toniques et localisées au niveau du côlon spiral.Pour tous les troubles envisagés, l'activité du côlon spiral est toujours diminuée Le profil moteur de l'intestin grêle est remplacé par un rythme d'activité typique (salves de potentiels en série à des intervalles de l'ordre de la minute), dans le cas de surcharge par des céréales et dans les cas de strongylose, profil également enregistré après l'administration intra-duodénale de solutions hypertoniques. Les diarrhées liées à l'acidose ou l'ingestion de mélasses chez le mouton, ou d'origine infectieuse ne s'accompagnent pas d'une telle désorganisation de l'activité cyclique de l'intestin grêle.Les substances anticholinergiques agissent comme antidiarrhéiques par inhibition de l'activité de l'intestin grêle. En revanche, la morphine et les morphinomimétiques de synthèse agissent par un renforcement de l'activité du côlon spiral.
Riassunto La motilità dell' intestino dei ruminanti è stata studiata mediante registrazioni elettromigrafiche nel neonato (vitello) e nell' adulto (pecora). Gli effetti sull' attività elettrica dell' intestino di composti antispasmodichi e morfinomimetichi vengono presentati nell' animale sano e ammalato (acidosa, parassitismo, melassa). Nel animale sano, l'attività elettrica dell' intestino presenta due fasi, l'una irregolare, l'altra regolare, propagate lungo l'intestino tenue tutte le 2 o 3 ore. L'elettromiogrammo dell' intestino crasso presenta (i) delle contrazioni fasiche propagate sul cieco e sul colon prossimale e (ii) delle contrazioni toniche localizzate al livello del colon spirale.In tutt' i disturbi analizzati, l'attività del colon spirale è ridotta. La motilità dell' intestino tenue presenta un ritmo di attività tipico (potenziali rapidi aggruprati in serie di 1–2 minute) nei casi di un eccesso di cereali ingerito e di parassitismo (Trychstrongylus). Questa motilità è stata riprodotta dopo infusione nel duodeno di una soluzione ipertonica. La diarrea legata all' acidosa, all' assorbimento di melassa (pecora) o di origine infettiva non è accompagnata di una disorganizzazione dell' attività ciclica dell' intestino tenue.Gli anticolinergichi hanno un effetto antidiarreico per riduzione della motilità dell' intestino tenue. Invece, la morfina ed i morfinomimetichi sintetichi rinforzano l'attività del colon spirale.相似文献
1