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Presentation of postweaning Escherichia coli diarrhea in southern Ontario, prevalence of hemolytic E. coli serogroups involved, and their antimicrobial resistance patterns 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Rocio Amezcua Robert M. Friendship Catherine E. Dewey Carlton Gyles John M. Fairbrother 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2002,66(2):73-78
Post-weaning Escherichia coli diarrhea (PWECD) in Ontario was investigated using a case-control study involving 50 Ontario nurseries. The clinical signs and the impact on productive parameters were determined by means of a producer survey. The hemolytic E. coli serogroups involved in PWECD (O149:K91:K88) were examined in this study. Based on a polymerase chain reaction test, the hemolytic E. coli from 82% of the case herds were positive for 3 enterotoxins (STa, STb, and LT), those from 12% of the case herds were positive for STb and LT only, and those from one herd (6%) were positive for 3 enterotoxins, as well as for verotoxin and F18 pili. The E. coli involved in disease were resistant to multiple antibiotics. Case farms commonly used a wide variety of antibiotics either in the feed or water, or as injectable drugs. The most common antibiotic used to treat PWECD on the study farms was apramycin, but evidence of resistance to this antibiotic was noted. The PWECD problem was commonly seen within a week of weaning but onset of diarrhea was reported as late as the grower-finisher stage. Growth rate was poorer in case herds and mortality was higher than in control herds, demonstrating that PWECD is an economically important disease in Ontario. 相似文献
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Glasser's disease and prevalence of subclinical infection with Haemophilus parasuis in swine in southern Ontario 下载免费PDF全文
Smart NL Miniats OP Rosendal S Friendship RM 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(4):339-343
Glasser's disease accounted for less than 1% of total swine mortalities in an 11 year retrospective postmortem survey of swine submissions at three provincial government diagnostic laboratories in southern Ontario. However, Glasser's disease was suspected in 17 of 83 boar mortalities at the Record of Production Boar Test Station between 1983 and 1985 and was much more common in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) boars than in conventional boars. The prevalence of the causative organism, Haemophilus parasuis, was determined for 19 SPF herds in Ontario classified as "Excellent" under the Ontario Swine Herd Health Policy. Nasal swabs from two-month-old pigs were cultured on chocolate agar containing 1.5 mug/mL lincomycin, 5 mug/mL bacitracin, and 0.1 mug/mL crystal violet. Three herds were negative for H. parasuis infection; 16 herds contained clinically healthy carrier pigs. 相似文献
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Angel de Grau Catherine Dewey Robert Friendship Kees de Lange 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2005,69(4):241-245
The objective of this study was to determine the association between body weight of pigs at 7 wk of age, specific management factors, and previous body weight. Among 3736 pigs from 8 commercial farms, greater 7-wk weight was associated with greater birth weight (P = 0.001), greater weaning weight (P = 0.001), and earlier age at weaning (P = 0.001). Farms with the earliest average weaning age had the highest health status. Farms with later weaning ages tended to use nurse sows for light-weight pigs. Pigs from farms using all-in/all-out management in the nursery had greater 7-wk weights (P = 0.01). The total mortality and culling rate during the nursery phase (weaning to approximately 7 wk of age) was 6.8%. Higher losses were observed among pigs with low weaning weights (< 4.1 kg) compared with those with higher weaning weights. More of the variation due to 7-wk weight was due to individual sow rather than to farm of origin. 相似文献
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The use of omeprazole to alleviate stomach ulcers in swine during periods of feed withdrawal 下载免费PDF全文
Friendship RM Melnichouk SI Dewey CE 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2000,41(12):925-928
Controlled trials were conducted to determine if treatment with the benzimidazole compound, omeprazole, would prevent gastric ulceration associated with feed withdrawal. Pigs were fed ad libitum, fasted for 24 h, or fasted for 48 h, and within each of these 3 groups the effect of no medication (controls), of 20 mg or 40 mg of omeprazole was evaluated on the pH of gastric fluid and the presence or absence of lesions in the pars esophagea. Medication with 40 mg of omeprazole resulted in significantly higher gastric pH 24 h after treatment compared with untreated pigs or pigs medicated with 20 mg of omeprazole. Fasting for 24 h or for 48 h, resulted in more pigs developing ulcers (15 of 25) than pigs allowed free access to feed (1 out of 10) (P = 0.01). The results of this trial suggest that omeprazole was effective in preventing some, but not all, of the tissue damage in the pars esophagea related to feed withdrawal. In addition to hydrochloric acid, possibly other components, such as bile acids in the fluid gastric contents, are important in causing epithelial injury. 相似文献
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Prevalence of resistance to 11 antimicrobials among Campylobacter coill isolated from pigs on 80 grower-finisher farms in Ontario. 下载免费PDF全文
Norma P Varela Robert Friendship Cate Dewey 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2007,71(3):189-194
We carried out a cross-sectional study to investigate antimicrobial resistance patterns of Campylobacter coli isolated from Ontario grower-finisher pigs. From January to June 2004, 1200 samples were collected from 80 farms by obtaining a constant number (15) of fecal samples per farm. Susceptibility of the isolates to 11 antimicrobial drugs was determined by the agar-dilution technique. The overall prevalence of resistance to 1 or more antimicrobials among the isolates was 99.2%. High levels of resistance were observed for azithromycin, clindamycin, erythromycin, streptomycin, and tetracycline: 91.7%, 82.5%, 81.4%, 70.7%, and 63.7%, respectively. For sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, and nalidixic acid, resistance was observed in 40.3%, 26.6%, and 22.7% of the isolates, respectively. Although at very low levels, resistance was observed for ciprofloxacin (a fluoroquinolone), chloramphenicol, and gentamicin: in 2.4%, 1.7%, and 0.2%, respectively. Many of the isolates (29.7%) were resistant to 5 antimicrobials, the most common being azithromycin, clindamycin, erythromycin, streptomycin, and tetracycline. Isolates from the same farm showed at least 5 patterns of resistance. Results from this study indicate high levels of resistance to the antimicrobial drugs most commonly used in the Canadian swine industry (macrolides, lincosamides, and tetracyclines) among C. coli isolated from grower-finisher pigs in Ontario. Macrolides and fluoroquinolones are the drugs most commonly used to treat severe human campylobacteriosis. Fortunately, at present, there is little resistance to fluoroquinolones among C. coli from pigs in Ontario. 相似文献
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