Differences in Reproductive Performance, Embryo Development, Interferon-tau Secretion by the Conceptus and Luteal Function in Ewe Lambs Synchronized in Oestrus before or after the Spontaneous Onset of Luteal Activity Preceding Puberty     

JA Abecia  F Forcada  & O Zúñiga 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2001,36(2):73-77

In mid-September, 1 month before the insertion of intravaginal pessaries to induce sexual activity, blood samples were collected every 4 days from 16 ewe lambs aged 7 months, in order to determine the incidence of ovulations by measurement of plasma progesterone concentrations. It has been studied whether the response to a progestagen treatment of ewe lambs apparently close to puberty could be modified by the onset of the ovarian events preceding puberty. The effect of the presence or absence of ovulations prior to progestagen treatment on the potential reproductive performance (fertility, litter size and fecundity), embryo development [embryo quality and interferon-tau (IFNτ) secretion], luteal function (progesterone secretion in vitro ) and endometrial progesterone content was studied in seven ovulating (Ov+) and nine nonovulating ewe lambs (Ov−) on day 14 after mating. The best potential reproductive results were obtained with Ov+ animals, although these differences could not be initially attributed to either different progesterone secretion in vitro or concentration of endometrial progesterone. Irrespective of the experimental groups, secretion of progesterone by luteal tissue from ewe lambs with normal embryos was significantly greater (p<0.05) than that of animals with abnormal embryos or with no embryos. Normal embryos secreted a higher amount of IFN-τ than those embryos classified as abnormal (p<0.07). In conclusion, ewe lambs which exhibit luteal activity before puberty have the highest levels of reproductive performances after a progestagen treatment. Corpora lutea from ewe lambs with normal embryos had higher rates of progesterone secretion in vitro and their embryos had a higher IFN-τ production by the embryos, indicating greater capacity for subsequent development.  相似文献   

Bücheranzeigen     

Funk  Fabricius  R. Lrendelenburg  B. Mantel  Dr. Rohmeder  K. Escherich  Lukinger 《European Journal of Forest Research》1940,62(8):182-187

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Virus‐neutralising antibody responses in horses following vaccination with Equivac® HeV: a field study          下载免费PDF全文

RHH Tan  A Hodge  R Klein  N Edwards  JA Huang  D Middleton  SP Watts 《Australian veterinary journal》2018,96(5):161-166

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Caecal intussusceptions in horses: a New Zealand perspective     

RJW Bell  JA Textor 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(7):272-276

Objective To establish the prevalence of intussusceptions involving the caecum in a population of horses admitted to a university hospital for colic. Design Retrospective clinical study Methods Medical records of all horses admitted to the Massey University Veterinary Teaching Hospital between 1991 and 2004 were examined for information of those horses diagnosed with an intussusception involving the caecum. Results A total of 135 horses were admitted for colic surgery during the study period and 61 horses had a diagnosis of ileocaecal (37), caecocaecal (5) or caecocolic intussusception (19) made either at surgery or necropsy. Of the horses with ileocaecal intussusception, 32 had an incomplete hand-sewn ileocaecostomy without reduction and 29 survived to discharge. All the horses with caecocaecal intussusceptions were diagnosed preoperatively via rectal examination and/or transabdominal ultrasound: 2 were euthanased at surgery and 3 survived to discharge. In the 19 horses with caecocolic intussusceptions, manually reduction at surgery was performed in 6 and 5 of them survived to discharge. A typhlectomy was performed via a colotomy in 6 horses, 3 of which survived to discharge. Conclusions The high prevalence of intussusceptions involving the caecum seen at this referral centre may indicate a higher prevalence in New Zealand than is reported elsewhere in the world. Clinical relevance Intussusceptions involving the caecum should be considered as a differential diagnosis in horses presenting with chronic low-grade colic. Transabdominal ultrasound is useful for identifying caecocaecal and caecocolic intussusceptions. Hand-sewn side-to-side incomplete ileocaecostomy is a quick, effective and safe method of surgical treatment of ileocaecal intussusceptions.  相似文献   

Evaluation of stocking density and subtherapeutic chlortetracycline on Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica shedding in growing swine     

Funk J  Wittum TE  LeJeune JT  Rajala-Schultz PJ  Bowman A  Mack A 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,124(3-4):202-208

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of stocking density and inclusion of subtherapeutic chlortetracycline in the diet on Salmonella fecal prevalence and antimicrobial resistance in growing swine. A 2 x 2 factorial design was employed on a privately owned commercial swine farm. Four finisher rooms were included in the study. Two of the rooms received 50 g/tonnes of chlortetracycline in the ration, two rooms received no antimicrobials in the feed. In each room, alternate pens were assigned to either high stocking density (0.60 m2/pig) or low stocking density (0.74 m2/pig). Pigs were placed in the finisher rooms at 10 weeks of age and followed for 6 weeks. Individual fecal samples were collected from the floors of each pen and cultured once weekly. Antimicrobial resistance phenotypes were determined. Data were analyzed using multilevel, multivariable logistic regression. Pigs fed chlortetracycline were at increased odds (OR 6.88, 95% CI 2.77-17.12) to shed Salmonellae. No other associations between treatments (CTC and stocking density) and Salmonella prevalence or reduced susceptibility to antimicrobials were identified. Variance in the odds of a fecal sample to be positive was distributed mostly at the lowest level, the individual fecal sample. The increased risk of shedding associated with inclusion of subtherapeutic chlortetracycline in swine diets is discordant with previous results by our group, suggesting farm or strain specific factors may impact this association. Understanding this risk may provide a potential intervention for controlling Salmonella pre-harvest.  相似文献   

Risk factors associated with Salmonella enterica prevalence in three-site swine production systems in North Carolina, USA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Funk JA  Davies PR  Gebreyes W 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2001,114(9-10):335-338

The goal of this study was to identify risk factors associated with increased fecal shedding of Salmonella enterica (SE) in groups of market swine reared in large three-site production units. We conducted an intensive, long-term investigation of potential management and environmental risk factors operating during the growing phase of pig production. Data regarding finisher site characteristics, biosecurity protocols, group growth performance, medication usage, and environmental temperature were collected. Results indicate that SE infection is common. Risk factors were identified at both the finisher site and group level. Biosecurity and hygiene practices (absence of a toilet, more than 2 people present at a finisher site daily, and other domestic species at the site), environmental temperature (winter and spring seasons, increased temperature variability, and below median high temperature the day of sampling), and production performance (above median feed conversion) were associated with elevated SE prevalence. In addition, an association between the floor space allowances per pig at the time of sampling (a measure of the number of pigs sold prior to sampling) was identified, with greater space allowance associated with decreased prevalence. The results of this study identify potential management practices for evaluation for SE control and suggest caution in interpretation of fecal culture results when sampling from different marketing groups in swine production systems.  相似文献   

In vitro antimicrobial inhibition profiles of Mycoplasma bovis isolates recovered from various regions of the United States from 2002 to 2003.     

Ricardo F Rosenbusch  Joann M Kinyon  Michael Apley  Nathan D Funk  Sean Smith  Lorraine J Hoffman 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2005,17(5):436-441

Antimicrobial therapy continues to be important in reducing losses due to pneumonic forms of Mycoplasma bovis disease in beef and dairy calves. Although M. bovis diseases have been documented as frequent and economically important in the United States, there are no published reports on the antimicrobial activity of approved compounds against US strains. In this study, the authors report on the activity of 9 different antimicrobials against 223 recently recovered isolates of M. bovis. These isolates represent accessions from 5 geographic regions of the United States and were grouped by 4 tissues of origin (milk, respiratory, joint, or ear and eye). A broth microdilution test was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values by reading redox changes detected in broth with alamarBlue (resazurin) indicator. For each antimicrobial, the median, MIC50, MIC90, mode, and range were calculated, and the values used for comparisons. In the absence of accepted breakpoint values, published MIC cutoff values for animal mycoplasmas as well as Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute interpretive criteria were used as a reference to define in vitro activity. The MIC values from active antimicrobials were found to distribute independently of region of origin of the isolates or of tissue of origin. Enrofloxacin, florfenicol, and spectinomycin were found to be active compounds in vitro. Oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline were active against more than half of the isolates. Very few isolates were inhibited by tilmicosin and none by erythromycin, ampicillin, or ceftiofur. The antimicrobial profiles determined for these US strains were remarkably similar to those reported for European isolates. However, unlike in Europe, there appears to be no diversity of profiles when US isolates are grouped by region or tissue of origin.  相似文献   

Binding of ciprofloxacin labelled with technetium Tc 99m versus 99mTc-pertechnetate to a live and killed equine isolate of Escherichia coli          下载免费PDF全文

Kate Alexander  Wm. Tod Drost  John S. Mattoon  Joseph J. Kowalski  Julie A. Funk    Amanda C. Crabtree 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2005,69(4):272-277

This paper describes a simple methodology for evaluating the bacterial binding of ciprofloxacin labelled with technetium Tc 99m. Using this methodology, the binding of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin by live Escherichia coli was compared with the binding of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin by killed E. coli and the binding of 99mTc-pertechnetate (99mTcO4-) by live E. coli. The antimicrobial effect of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin on E. coli was evaluated. Four groups were defined: live E. coli with 99mTc-ciprofloxacin, live E. coli with 99mTcO4 , killed E. coli with 99mTc-ciprofloxacin, and killed E. coli with 99mTcO4-. After 0, 2, and 4 h of incubation of 1 x 10(8) colony-forming units of E. coli suspended in 5 mL of sterile distilled water with 1.85 MBq of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin or 99mTcO4, 1 mL from each sample was centrifuged. The radioactivity of the bacterial pellet and that of the supernatant were measured separately, and the percentage of sample radioactivity attributable to bacterial binding was calculated. Of the 99mTc-ciprofloxacin, 3.6% to 5.9% was bound to live or killed E. coli; only 0.1% to 0.2% of the 99mTcO4- was bound to live E. coli (P < 0.0001). No significant difference in 99mTc-ciprofloxacin binding was found between live and killed E. coli (P = 0.887). An antimicrobial effect on E. coli was seen with 99mTc-ciprofloxacin: colony counts were reduced after 4 h. The small amount of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin binding and the lack of difference in binding between live and killed E. coli may limit the utility of this methodology in evaluating the presence of E. coli infection.  相似文献   

Influence of different tumour types on natural cytotoxicity (NK cell activity) and mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation in isolated blood lymphocytes from 110 dogs with tumours     

Funk J  Schmitz G  Bach U  Failing K  Burkhardt E 《Research in veterinary science》2003,74(2):129-135

The cell-mediated immune response of blood lymphocytes from 110 untreated dogs with different tumours was evaluated. The influence of different tumour types on the cellular immune system was examined by assessing the percentage of isolated large granular lymphocytes (LGL), in vitro natural cytotoxicity and mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation. Although the overall natural cytotoxicity of dogs with different tumours was decreased, the overall difference from control values was not statistically significant. However, mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation was significantly depressed in dogs with tumours in comparison with the controls. Dogs with mammary carcinomas showed significantly lower natural cytotoxicity than controls and dogs with myeloid neoplasms showed significantly lower mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation. Abnormalities exist not only in natural cytotoxicity but also in mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation. For the dog, this is the first study to assess the influence of different tumours using a combined evaluation of natural cytotoxicity and mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation in such a large number of animals.  相似文献   

Endometrial Adenocarcinoma and Mucometra in a 6-year-old Alaska Malamute Dog     

FJ Pena  JA Gines  J Duque  V Vieitez  R Martinez –Pérez  L Madejón  I Nuñez Martinez  JM Moran  S Fernández-García 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2006,41(2):189-190

A 6-year-old female Alaska Malamute dog was presented for evaluation of abdominal enlargement referred by a local veterinarian. On the history, the owner complained of chronic abdominal enlargement initiated more than 4 months ago, reduced appetite, occasional vomiting and general dullness. He also complained of greenish mucous intermittent vaginal discharge starting 10 days ago. The bitch was chronically treated with medroxiprogesterone acetate. A laparatomy was performed and fluid in the abdomen was found and aspirated during the surgery. Also a very fluid-filled distended uterus and a mass in the distal part of the left uterine horn were found. The mass was encapsulated by the omentum, but areas of necrosis and calcification were identified. Histopathological diagnosis was endometrial adenocarcinoma.  相似文献