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PETER BÖTTCHER Dr. med. vet. Diplomate ECVS PHILIPP WINKELS DVM GERHARD OECHTERING Prof. Dr. med. vet. Diplomate ECVAA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(5):595-600
Objective— To describe an extra-articular joint distractor for meniscal examination and treatment during canine stifle arthroscopy.
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Dogs ≥20 kg with suspected cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) deficiency.
Methods— A custom designed linear side bar was constructed to allow invasive pin distraction of the stifle joint. Its design efficacy for distraction of the medial joint compartment, observation and probing of the medial meniscus, and value during meniscal surgery was evaluated by clinical use.
Results— Application of the stifle distractor medial to the stifle joint using 2 negative threaded pins was easily performed percutaneously without the need of power equipment; however, unintended intra-articular placement of 1 threaded pin occurred in 2 stifles, without appreciable consequence to joint function. Observation as well as thorough probing of the caudal horn of the medial meniscus, even in the presence of a prominent remnant of the CrCL or severe periarticular fibrosis, was possible. Partial meniscectomy was effectively performed as needed without apparent damage to the associated articular surfaces.
Conclusions— Distraction and translation of the medial compartment of the stifle joint using invasive pin distraction allowed observation and palpation of the caudal horn of the medial meniscus so that assessment and treatment were readily accomplished without apparent morbidity.
Clinical Relevance— With careful attention to accurate pin placement, invasive pin distraction of the medial compartment of the canine stifle joint may improve arthroscopic evaluation and treatment of meniscal pathology. 相似文献
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Dogs ≥20 kg with suspected cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) deficiency.
Methods— A custom designed linear side bar was constructed to allow invasive pin distraction of the stifle joint. Its design efficacy for distraction of the medial joint compartment, observation and probing of the medial meniscus, and value during meniscal surgery was evaluated by clinical use.
Results— Application of the stifle distractor medial to the stifle joint using 2 negative threaded pins was easily performed percutaneously without the need of power equipment; however, unintended intra-articular placement of 1 threaded pin occurred in 2 stifles, without appreciable consequence to joint function. Observation as well as thorough probing of the caudal horn of the medial meniscus, even in the presence of a prominent remnant of the CrCL or severe periarticular fibrosis, was possible. Partial meniscectomy was effectively performed as needed without apparent damage to the associated articular surfaces.
Conclusions— Distraction and translation of the medial compartment of the stifle joint using invasive pin distraction allowed observation and palpation of the caudal horn of the medial meniscus so that assessment and treatment were readily accomplished without apparent morbidity.
Clinical Relevance— With careful attention to accurate pin placement, invasive pin distraction of the medial compartment of the canine stifle joint may improve arthroscopic evaluation and treatment of meniscal pathology. 相似文献
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PETER BÖTTCHER Dr med vet Diplomate ECVS MARKUS ZEISSLER DVM JOHANN MAIERL PhD Dr med vet VERA GREVEL Prof. Dr med vet Diplomate ECVS GERHARD OECHTERING Prof. Dr med vet Diplomate ECVAA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(6):696-704
Objective— To characterize donor and recipient sites for autologous osteochondral transplantation in the canine stifle joint with respect to split-line pattern and cartilage thickness.
Study Design— In vitro study.
Sample Population— Stifle joints (n=30) of dogs >20 kg.
Methods— Collagen network orientation of the hyaline cartilage coverage of the distal femur was assessed using split-line technique (n=10). Cartilage thickness was measured radiographically on osteochondral plugs harvested at the abaxial and axial surfaces of the femoropatellar joint (n=15), the most proximal abaxial aspect of the medial condyle (CO; n=5) and at both femoral condyles (n=15).
Results— Cartilage within the femoropatellar joint and both femoral condyles had mostly transversely orientated pattern of split-lines. Abaxial to the femoropatellar joint split-lines were absent. All donor sites had significantly thinner cartilage than the medial condyle (CM). Only the distal trochlea had cartilage thickness comparable to the lateral condyle (CL). The thinnest cartilage was found abaxial to the femoropatellar joint followed by CO, which was ∼2–3 times thinner than the cartilage at both condyles.
Conclusions— None of the investigated donor sites provided transplants of comparable cartilage thickness to CM. Transplants from within the femoropatellar joint should be harvested in priority as they reach cartilage morphology comparable to CL.
Clinical Relevance— Adjusting for cartilage thickness and split-line pattern may improve long-term outcome after autologous osteochondral transplantation. But surface curvature and donor-site morbidity have to be considered as well when choosing the most suitable donor site. 相似文献
Study Design— In vitro study.
Sample Population— Stifle joints (n=30) of dogs >20 kg.
Methods— Collagen network orientation of the hyaline cartilage coverage of the distal femur was assessed using split-line technique (n=10). Cartilage thickness was measured radiographically on osteochondral plugs harvested at the abaxial and axial surfaces of the femoropatellar joint (n=15), the most proximal abaxial aspect of the medial condyle (CO; n=5) and at both femoral condyles (n=15).
Results— Cartilage within the femoropatellar joint and both femoral condyles had mostly transversely orientated pattern of split-lines. Abaxial to the femoropatellar joint split-lines were absent. All donor sites had significantly thinner cartilage than the medial condyle (CM). Only the distal trochlea had cartilage thickness comparable to the lateral condyle (CL). The thinnest cartilage was found abaxial to the femoropatellar joint followed by CO, which was ∼2–3 times thinner than the cartilage at both condyles.
Conclusions— None of the investigated donor sites provided transplants of comparable cartilage thickness to CM. Transplants from within the femoropatellar joint should be harvested in priority as they reach cartilage morphology comparable to CL.
Clinical Relevance— Adjusting for cartilage thickness and split-line pattern may improve long-term outcome after autologous osteochondral transplantation. But surface curvature and donor-site morbidity have to be considered as well when choosing the most suitable donor site. 相似文献
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Abstract— A 3-year-old gelding was presented with a generalized chronic dermatitis characterized by erosions, ulcerations, crusting, scaling and widespread alopecia. The diagnosis of pemphigus foliaceus was based on history, clinical signs, histological lesions and immunohistological test results. Typical dermatohistopathological findings comprised intraepidermal acantholysis and cleft formation in both epidermis and hair follicle epithelium. Additionally, blisters and erosive lesions were found in the epithelia of various mucocutaneous junctions, the distal oesophagus and the oesophageal zone of the stomach. In formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues an immunoperoxidase technique was established to demonstrate deposits of the immunoglobulins G and M and the complement component C3 providing the opportunity to compare histological and immunohistological findings. Résumé— Un cheval hongre de 3 ans a été présenté avec une dermite chronique caractérisée par des érosions, des ulcères, des croutes, des squames et une alopécie très étendue. Le diagnostic de pemphigus foliacé reposait sur l'anamnèse, l'examen clinique et les résultats des examens histopathologiques et immunopathologiques. Les lésions histologiques typiques comprenaient des acantholyses intraépldermiques et la formation de fissures tant au niveau de lépiderme que des follicules pileux. En outre, des bulks et des érosions ont été retrouvées au niveau de différentes junctions cutanéomuqueuses et de la partie distalé de l'oesophage. Une technique d'immunopéroxydase sur tissus fixés au formol et en paraffine a été utilisée pour mettre en évidence des dépôts d'immunoglobulines G et M et de C3, permettant de comparer les observations histologiques et immunopathologiques. Zusammenfassung— Ein dreijähriger Wallach wurde mit einer generalisierten chronischen Dermatitis vorgestellt, die durch Erosionen, Ulzerationen, Krusten, Schuppen und ausgedehnte Alopezie gekennzeichnet war. Die Diagnose Pemphigus foliaceus stützte sich auf den Vorbericht, die klinischen Symptome, die histologischen Veränderungen und die Ergebnisse des immunohistologischen Tests. Die typischen histopathologischen Befunde umfaßten intraepidermale Akantholyse und Spaltbildung sowohl in der Epidermis wie im Epithel des Haarfollikels. Zusätzlich wurden Blasen und erosive Veränderungen in den Epithelien verschiedener mukokutaner übergänge, im distalen ösophagus und in der ösophagealen Zone des Magens gefunden. An formalinfixiertem und in Paraffin eingebettetem Gewebe wurde eine Immunoperoxidasetechnik durchgeführt, um die Ablagerungen von Immunglobulinen G und M und der Komplementkomponente C3 zu zeigen, wodurch die Gelegenheit bestand, histologische und immunohistologische Befunde zu vergleichen. Resumen Un caballo de tres anos fue presentado con una dermatitis crónica de tipo generalizado presentando erosiones, ulceraciones, costras y escamas epidérmicas, además de una alopecia generalizada. Una diagnosis de pémfigo foliáceo se basó en la historia y cuadro clínico, lesiones histológicas y resultados de tests inmunohistológicos. Los hallazgos dermato-histopatológicos típicos comprendieron acantolisis intraepidermica y la formación de indentaciones epidérmicas en ambos, epidermis y epitelio del folículo piloso. También se observó la presencia de vesículas y lesiones erosivas en el epitelio de las uniones mucocutaneas, asi como en áreas distales del esófago, y en zonas esofágicas del estómago. Después de la fijación en formol y sumersión en parafina de los tejidos, se utilizo la técnica de inmunoperoxidasa para la demonstratión de depósitos de inmunoglobulinas G y M, y el complemento C3, que proporcionó la oportunidad de comparar los hallazgos inmuno e histológicos. 相似文献
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GERHARD GRÜMMER 《Weed Research》1963,3(1):44-51
Zusammenfassung. 1. Herausgeschnittene Stücke von Rhizomen der Quecke sind nur dann zur Entwicklung einer neuen Pflanze befähigt, wenn sie eine unbeschädigte und voll ausgebildete Knospe tragen.
2. Rhizomteile von 1 cm Länge mit normal ausgebildeter Knospe konnten zu einem hohen Prozentsatz neue Pflanzen bilden. Wurden die Stücke in Längsrichtung halbiert, so kamen nur noch etwa die Hälfte der mit Knospen versehenen Teile zur Entwicklung. Selbst Stücke von nur 3 mm Länge mit intakter Knospe konnten noch zu 30% normale Pflanzen bilden.
3. Mit zunehmender Verfärbung der Rhizome nach Braun und Schwarz nahm die Fähigkeit zur Bildung von Sprossen schnell ab.
4. Stücke von 1 cm Länge mit normal ausgebildeter Knospe waren nach 6 Tagen ununterbrochenem Aufenthalt bei 56% relativer Feuchte nur noch zu 5% entwicklungsfähig. Bei gleichlangem Aufenthalt unter 66% relativer Feuchte trieben noch 25% aller Knospen aus, während bei 75% oder 88% relativer Feuchte keine Schädigung erkennbar war.
5. Dünne Rhizomteile waren empfindlicher gegen trockene Luft als extrem dicke, kurze Stücke etwas empfindlicher als längere.
6. Wechsel zwischen Trockenheit und Feuchte im Tag-Nacht-Rhythmus hatte eine wesentlich geringere Minderung der Entwicklungsfähigkeit zur Folge als eine ununterbrochene Einwirkung der Trockenheit von etwa gleicher Gesamtdauer.
7. Bei extremer Trockenheit wurde die Wirkung durch eine kräftige Luftbewegung (bis zu 5,5 m/sec) wesentlich verstärkt.
8. Die praktischen Folgerungen aus den Versuchen werden diskutiert.
The reaction of rhizomes of Agropyron repens to dry air 相似文献
2. Rhizomteile von 1 cm Länge mit normal ausgebildeter Knospe konnten zu einem hohen Prozentsatz neue Pflanzen bilden. Wurden die Stücke in Längsrichtung halbiert, so kamen nur noch etwa die Hälfte der mit Knospen versehenen Teile zur Entwicklung. Selbst Stücke von nur 3 mm Länge mit intakter Knospe konnten noch zu 30% normale Pflanzen bilden.
3. Mit zunehmender Verfärbung der Rhizome nach Braun und Schwarz nahm die Fähigkeit zur Bildung von Sprossen schnell ab.
4. Stücke von 1 cm Länge mit normal ausgebildeter Knospe waren nach 6 Tagen ununterbrochenem Aufenthalt bei 56% relativer Feuchte nur noch zu 5% entwicklungsfähig. Bei gleichlangem Aufenthalt unter 66% relativer Feuchte trieben noch 25% aller Knospen aus, während bei 75% oder 88% relativer Feuchte keine Schädigung erkennbar war.
5. Dünne Rhizomteile waren empfindlicher gegen trockene Luft als extrem dicke, kurze Stücke etwas empfindlicher als längere.
6. Wechsel zwischen Trockenheit und Feuchte im Tag-Nacht-Rhythmus hatte eine wesentlich geringere Minderung der Entwicklungsfähigkeit zur Folge als eine ununterbrochene Einwirkung der Trockenheit von etwa gleicher Gesamtdauer.
7. Bei extremer Trockenheit wurde die Wirkung durch eine kräftige Luftbewegung (bis zu 5,5 m/sec) wesentlich verstärkt.
8. Die praktischen Folgerungen aus den Versuchen werden diskutiert.
The reaction of rhizomes of Agropyron repens to dry air 相似文献
5.
PETER BÖTTCHER Dr med vet Diplomate ECVS DOROTHEE KRASTEL DVM JOHANNES HIERHOLZER Dr med KERSTIN WESTPHALEN Dr med STEPHANIE FLORIAN Dr med vet GUIDO HILDEBRANDT Dr med GREVEL VERA Dr med vet Diplomate ECVS GERHARD OECHTERING Dr med vet Diplomate ECVAA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(7):888-901
Objective— To (1) evaluate the analgesic effect of percutaneous cementoplasty (PC) in dogs with primary bone tumor (PBT) of the distal aspect of the radius and (2) evaluate the impact on the course of disease by adding PC to a palliative, multimodal treatment protocol in these dogs.
Study Design— Prospective pilot study.
Animals— Dogs (n=4) with PBT of the distal aspect of the radius.
Methods— Tumor lesions were filled percutaneously with polymethylmethacrylate under fluoroscopic guidance. Pamidronate was administered once in a week before PC. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy were initiated 2 and 6 weeks after PC, respectively. Force plate analysis was performed immediately before 2, and 6 weeks after PC. Survival time was defined from PC to euthanasia.
Results— Two dogs had a significant increase in peak vertical force 2 weeks after PC ( P =.043) and remained free of lameness for 18 and 20 weeks, respectively. One dog had an acute relapse after an initially lame-free period of 10 days. The remaining dog failed to improve ( P =.686). Three dogs developed at least 2 complications including transient worsening of the lameness after PC, cement leakage, wound infection and suspected thromboembolism in combination with cough and anemia. Median survival was 4.8 months (range, 1–5.7 months).
Conclusions— PC in combination with pamidronate significantly improved lameness in 2 dogs; however, PC is not risk-free. Deep wound infection, intraarticular cement leakage, and venous thrombosis were the main complications.
Clinical Relevance— PC might be a useful addition to established palliative, multimodal treatment protocols in dogs with PBT; however, because of the complications encountered PC warrants further study before routine use can be considered. 相似文献
Study Design— Prospective pilot study.
Animals— Dogs (n=4) with PBT of the distal aspect of the radius.
Methods— Tumor lesions were filled percutaneously with polymethylmethacrylate under fluoroscopic guidance. Pamidronate was administered once in a week before PC. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy were initiated 2 and 6 weeks after PC, respectively. Force plate analysis was performed immediately before 2, and 6 weeks after PC. Survival time was defined from PC to euthanasia.
Results— Two dogs had a significant increase in peak vertical force 2 weeks after PC ( P =.043) and remained free of lameness for 18 and 20 weeks, respectively. One dog had an acute relapse after an initially lame-free period of 10 days. The remaining dog failed to improve ( P =.686). Three dogs developed at least 2 complications including transient worsening of the lameness after PC, cement leakage, wound infection and suspected thromboembolism in combination with cough and anemia. Median survival was 4.8 months (range, 1–5.7 months).
Conclusions— PC in combination with pamidronate significantly improved lameness in 2 dogs; however, PC is not risk-free. Deep wound infection, intraarticular cement leakage, and venous thrombosis were the main complications.
Clinical Relevance— PC might be a useful addition to established palliative, multimodal treatment protocols in dogs with PBT; however, because of the complications encountered PC warrants further study before routine use can be considered. 相似文献
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EBERHARD LUDEWIG CHRISTIAN BOELTZIG KATRIN GÄBLER ANJA WERRMANN GERHARD OECHTERING 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2011,52(1):1-9
In human medical imaging, the performance of the monitor used for image reporting has a substantial impact on the diagnostic performance of the entire digital system. Our purpose was to compare the display quality of different monitors used in veterinary practice. Two medical‐grade gray scale monitors (one cathode‐ray tube [CRT], one liquid crystal display [LCD]) and two standard consumer‐grade color monitors (one CRT, one LCD) were compared in the ability to display anatomic structures in cats. Radiographs of the stifle joint and the thorax of 30 normal domestic shorthair cats were acquired by use of a storage phosphor system. Two anatomic features of the stifle joint and five anatomic structures of the thorax were evaluated. The two medical‐grade monitors had superior display quality compared with standard PC monitors. No differences were seen between the monochrome monitors. In comparison with the color CRT, the ratings of the color LCD were significantly worse. The ranking order was uniform for both the region and the criteria investigated. Differences in monitor luminance, bit depth, and screen size were presumed to be the reasons for the observed varying performance. The observed differences between monitors place an emphasis on the need for guidelines defining minimum requirements for the acceptance of monitors and for quality control in veterinary radiography. 相似文献
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MICHAEL PEES INGMAR KIEFER MARIA-ELISABETH KRAUTWALD-JUNGHANNS LUCIO FILIPPICH JUERGEN KIEFER GERHARD OECHTERING 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2006,47(4):370-375
The use of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool in birds has been documented for cardiac, urogenital, and liver disease. However, its use in gastrointestinal tract disease is not defined. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the ultrasonographic findings of the intestine and liver of six healthy racing pigeons with those of six racing pigeons with gastrointestinal disease. The echogenicity of the liver was significantly different between the two groups. Pigeons with gastrointestinal disease had less homogeneous liver echogenicity with focal heterogeneous areas and the hepatic blood vessels were visible and dilated. The duodenum was visualized and its mean diameter of 7.2 +/- 0.3 mm in the diseased pigeons was significantly wider (P < or = 0.001) than the 5.7 +/- 0.2 mm in healthy birds. The thickness of the duodenal wall in healthy and diseased pigeons was 1.6 +/- 0.1 and 2.4 +/- 0.1 mm, respectively, and they were significantly different (P < or = 0.001). We defined baseline measurements for the duodenal loop in pigeons and provided evidence that ultrasound can be a useful diagnostic tool for investigating intestinal disease in pigeons. 相似文献
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MICHAEL PEES INGMAR KIEFER JENS THIELEBEIN GERHARD OECHTERING MARIA-ELISABETH KRAUTWALD-JUNGHANNS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2009,50(5):487-491
Thirty-nine healthy boid snakes representing six different species ( Python regius, Boa constrictor, Python reticulatus, Morelia viridis, Epicrates cenchria , and Morelia spilota ) were examined using computed tomography (CT) to characterize the normal appearance of the respiratory tissue. Assessment was done subjectively and densitometry was performed using a defined protocol. The length of the right lung was calculated to be 11.1% of the body length, without a significant difference between species. The length of the left lung in proportion to the right was dependent on the species examined. The most developed left lung was in P. regius (81.2%), whereas in B. constrictor , the left lung was vestigial or absent (24.7%). A median attenuation of −814.6 HU and a variability of 45.9 HU were calculated for all species with no significant difference between species. Within the species, a significantly higher attenuation was found for P. regius in the dorsal and cranial aspect of the lung compared with the ventral and caudal part. In B. constrictor , the reduced left lung was significantly hyperattenuating compared with the right lung. Results of this study emphasize the value of CT and provide basic reference data for assessment of the snake lung in these species. 相似文献
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