Effect of dietary supplementation with insect fats on growth performance,digestive efficiency and health of rabbits     

Laura Gasco  Sihem Dabbou  Angela Trocino  Gerolamo Xiccato  Maria Teresa Capucchio  Ilaria Biasato  Daniela Dezzutto  Marco Birolo  Marco Meneguz  Achille Schiavone  Francesco Gai 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2019,(2)

Background: The present work aimed at evaluating the effect of the dietary replacement of soybean oil(S) by two types of insect fats extracted from black soldier fly larvae(H, Hermetia il ucens L.) and yel ow mealworm larvae(T, Tenebrio molitor L.) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood parameters, intestinal morphology and health of growing rabbits.Methods: At weaning, 200 crossbred rabbits(36 days old) were allotted to five dietary treatments(40 rabbits/group): a control diet(C) containing 1.5% of soybean oil and four experimental diets where soybean oil was partially(50%) or totally(100%) substituted by H(H50 and H100) or T(T50 and T100) fats. Total tract digestibility was evaluated on 12 rabbits per treatment. The growth trial lasted 41 d and, at slaughtering(78 days old), blood samples were collected from 15 rabbits per treatment, morphometric analyses were performed on duodenum, jejunum and ileum mucosa,and samples of liver, spleen and kidney were submitted to histological evaluation.Results: No difference was observed between the control and the experimental groups fed insect fats in terms of performance, morbidity, mortality and blood variables. The addition of H and T fats did not influence apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, protein, ether extract, fibre fractions and gross energy. Gut morphometric indices and organ histopathology were not affected by dietary inclusion of H and T fats.Conclusions: H and T fats are suitable sources of lipid in rabbit diets to replace soybean oil without any detrimental effect on growth performance, apparent digestibility, gut mucosa traits and health.  相似文献   

Effect of postweaning feeding on the performance and energy balance of female rabbits at different physiological states     

Xiccato G  Bernardini M  Castellini C  Dalle Zotte A  Queaque PI  Trocino A 《Journal of animal science》1999,77(2):416-426

The feeding of a high-fiber and low-energy diet to young rabbit does from weaning to the first kindling was used to modify their body reserves, stimulate their energy intake, and reduce the energy deficit during the first lactation. Rabbits (53 per group) were given ad libitum access to either a control or high-fiber diet (CP, 17.6 vs 15.8% of DM; crude fiber, 15.5 vs 19.9% of DM; digestible energy, 2,565 vs 2,261 kcal/kg of DM, respectively) from weaning to their first kindling. During lactation, both groups received the same diet, which contained 19.3% CP, 16.5% crude fiber, and 2,634 kcal/kg digestible energy (dry matter basis). Four comparative slaughters were performed to estimate the chemical and energy balance of rabbit does at different physiological states: at the beginning of the trial (12 rabbits, 45 d of age), at mating (10 rabbits per group, 136 d), at kindling (10 rabbits per group, 167 d), and at the end of lactation (12 and 11 rabbits for the control and the high-fiber group, 197 d). Large changes in body weight and composition were observed between slaughters. From 45 d to mating, doe body fat and energy increased 7.93 and 4.64 times the initial content, respectively. During pregnancy, body protein concentration decreased from 203 to 186 g/kg. At the end of lactation, body fat and energy concentration were reduced to values close to those measured at 45 d of age. Dietary treatment affected body chemical and energy balance during pregnancy and lactation but not reproductive and lactational performance. The high-fiber diet stimulated feed intake from weaning to the first kindling but not dietary energy intake. During lactation, the rabbits fed the high-fiber diet ate 10 kcal x d(-1) x kg live weight(-.75) more and lost less body fat (-405 vs -504 g) and body energy (-3,628 vs -4,294 kcal) than the does fed the control diet (P < .001). In the same period, all does showed water and protein retention (185 and 45 g, on average) regardless of dietary treatment. In conclusion, feeding young does a high-fiber diet until their first kindling reduced the chemical and energy body deficit at the end of the first lactation.  相似文献   

The effect of dietary supplementation with globin and spray-dried porcine plasma on performance,digestibility and histomorphological traits in broiler chickens     

Sihem Dabbou  Angela Trocino  Gerolamo Xiccato  Joana Nery  Josefa Madrid  Silvia Martinez  Fuensanta Hernández  Isabelle D. Kalmar  Maria Teresa Capucchio  Elena Colombino  Ilaria Biasato  Lucia Bailoni  Laura Gasco  Cecilia Mugnai  Achille Schiavone 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(Z2):42-51

This study evaluated the effects of globin and spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) on growth performance, digestibility, nitrogen retention, energy retention efficiency (ERE) and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 336-day-old male broiler chickens were reared from 1 to 40 days of age and fed 3 diets (8 replicates/diet, 14 birds/replicate) during 3 feeding phases: starter (1–12 days), grower (12–25 days) and finisher (25–40 days). Isonitrogenous diets were formulated by replacing gluten protein isolate contained in the control diet (C diet) with 2% (starter) or 1% (grower and finisher) spray-dried porcine plasma in the plasma diet (SDPP diet). The globin diet (G diet) was obtained by adding globin on the top of C diet at a dose of 0.08% for the whole rearing period. Total tract apparent digestibility (aD), nitrogen retention and ERE were assessed during the three growing phases. At 12  and 40 days of age, one bird per pen was slaughtered to sample gut, liver, spleen and bursa of Fabricius for histomorphological investigations. The SDPP diet increased body weights of chickens at 12 (+60 g; p < .001), 25 (+101 g; p < .001) and 40 days (+130 g; p = .018) of age compared to C and G diets. Also SDPP improved crude protein aD (+9.7%) and ERE (+12.3%) during the starter phase (p < .001). Dietary globin and SDPP inclusion did not affect either the gut morphology or the histopathological findings in birds at 12 and 40 days of age, despite a numerical (+6.90% and +7.40% respectively) villus height improvement in the SDPP group. Overall, these results confirm that dietary supplementation with SDPP and, to a lesser extent, with globin can improve growth performance and dietary protein and energy utilization in broiler chickens without effect on gut functionality.  相似文献   

Chemically induced fast solid-state transitions of omega-VOPO4 in vanadium phosphate catalysts     

Conte M  Budroni G  Bartley JK  Taylor SH  Carley AF  Schmidt A  Murphy DM  Girgsdies F  Ressler T  Schlögl R  Hutchings GJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5791):1270-1273

Vanadium phosphates are important catalysts for the oxidation of alkanes, and commercial catalysts comprise a complex range of V4+ and V5+ phosphates. We used three complementary in situ characterization methodologies-powder x-ray diffraction and laser Raman and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies-to show that the metastable phase omega-VOPO4 is very sensitive to many of the reactants and products of butane oxidation. A rapid transformation from omega-VOPO4 to delta-VOPO4 occurs on exposure to butane at the reaction temperature, and hence the metastable omega-VOPO4 may play a role in the formation of commercial catalysts.  相似文献