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V. A. Aneesha Renjith P. Gopi Sanjay Kumawat V. S. Susanth S. Vineetha Dinesh Kumar 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(4):440-450
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of histamine and to characterise its receptor subtypes in reticular groove (RG) smooth muscle of adult goats. The studies were done using floor and lip regions of RG. We used tension experiments on smooth muscle of RG isolated from adult goat for functional characterisation of H1 and H2 receptors. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry experiments were conducted for molecular characterisation of these receptors. Histamine evoked concentration-dependent contraction of isolated RG circular and longitudinal smooth muscle preparation. Pyrilamine antagonised the action of histamine. Histamine did not induce any relaxant effect on RG preparations. Additionally, cimetidine did not produce any significant effect on histamine-induced response. Non-selective histaminic receptor antagonist cyproheptadine attenuated the contraction response to histamine in the smooth muscle. Molecular characterisation and localisation of H1 and H2 receptor proteins confirmed the presence of these receptors in RG. It is most likely that histamine-induced contractile effect in RG smooth muscle of goats is mediated by H1 histaminic receptors. 相似文献
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Biodiversity persistence in non-woody tropical farmlands is poorly explored, and multi-species assessments with robust landscape-scale
designs are sparse. Modeled species occupancy in agricultural mosaics is affected by multiple factors including survey methods
(convenience-based versus systematic), landscape-scale agriculture-related variables, and extent of remnant habitat. Changes
in seasonal crops can additionally alter landscape and habitat conditions thereby influencing species occupancy. We investigated
how these factors affect modeled occupancy of 56 resident bird species using a landscape-scale multi-season occupancy framework
across 24 intensively cultivated and human-dominated districts in Uttar Pradesh state, north India. Convenience-based roadside
observations provided considerable differences in occupancy estimates and associations with remnant habitat and intensity
of cultivation relative to systematic transect counts, and appeared to bias results to roadside conditions. Modeled occupancy
of only open-area species improved with increasing intensity of cultivation, while remnant habitat improved modeled occupancy
of scrubland, wetland and woodland species. Strong seasonal differences in occupancy were apparent for most species across
all habitat guilds. Further habitat loss will be most detrimental to resident scrubland, wetland and woodland species. Uttar
Pradesh’s agricultural landscape has a high conservation value, but will require a landscape-level approach to maintain the
observed high species richness. Obtaining ecological information from unexplored landscapes using robust landscape-scale surveys
offers substantial advantages to understand factors affecting species occupancy, and is necessary for efficient conservation
planning. 相似文献
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Gopi B. Vir Singh Ran Kumar Satish Kumar Sushil Chauhan Anuj Sonwane Arvind Kumar Amit Bharati Jaya Vir Singh Shoor 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(1):209-221
Paratuberculosis (PTB) is a chronic infectious enteritis of ruminants, caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) that brings huge economic loss to the dairy farmers. The study was conducted to explore the association of selected SNPs in IFNG, SLC11A1, ANKRA2 and PGLYRP1 genes with resistance to PTB disease in Indian cattle population. A case-control resource population was established based on the results of diagnostic tests used for detection of MAP infection status viz. ELISA, Johnin PPD test, faecal microscopy and IS900 blood PCR. The PCR-RFLP method was used for genotyping of SNPs. SNPs rs109453173 in SLC11A1, rs110853455 in IFNG and rs41933863 in ANKRA2 genes were significantly (P<0.05) associated with resistance to MAP infection. For SNP rs109453173, GG genotype and G allele was found to be associated with resistance against MAP infection than CC and CG genotypes and C allele, respectively. For SNP rs110853455, AG genotype was found to be associated with susceptibility to MAP infection than AA and GG genotype. For SNP rs41933863, the AG genotype provided three and six times more resistance against MAP infection than GG and AA genotype. The results of this study are suggestive of SNPs rs109453173, rs110853455 and rs41933863 as potential markers for screening MAP resistant cattle and a breeding programme favouring GG genotype and G allele for rs109453173, AG genotype for rs41933863 and against AG genotype for rs110853455 might confer resistance against MAP infection in Indian cattle. However, investigation of these SNPs in an independent and larger population will warrant the strength of association for resistance against MAP infection in cattle.
相似文献5.
Swagata Chatterjee Gopi Ballav Sau Sangram Sinha 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(12):1387-1397
This study shows the effect of co-inoculation of three bacterial isolates, viz. Bacillus firmus KUCr1, Cellulosimicrobium cellulans KUCr3 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa KUCd1, on selected growth parameters of amaranth plants. KUCr1 and KUCr3 are reported to be P-solubilizers and indole acetic acid (IAA) producers, and KUCd1 is a siderophore producer. Co-inoculation of the three isolates gave the best results for overall growth of amaranth plants followed by co-inoculation with KUCr1 and KUCd1, then KUCr1 alone. Among the test isolates, KUCr1 and KUCd1 were found to be better rhizosphere colonizers when co-inoculated. KUCr1 and KUCr3 when co-inoculated produced more IAA in liquid medium. Co-inoculation gave insignificant variation in P-solubilization, but siderophore production by KUCd1 was greatly enhanced when inoculated with other isolates in culture conditions. The augmentation of plant growth, whenusing a consortium culture, might be due to better IAA production andsiderophore production by the test isolates. This report suggests that co-inoculation of microbes promotes plant growth better than individual isolates. 相似文献
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Susy Carman Gaylan Josephson Beverly McEwen Grant Maxie Mioara Antochi Ken Eernisse Gopi Nayar Pat Halbur Gene Erickson Ernst Nilsson 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2002,14(2):97-105
A commercially available blocking ELISA was analyzed for its ability to identify antibodies to porcine coronaviruses (transmissible gastroenteritis virus [TGEV] or porcine respiratory coronavirus [PRCV]), to differentiate antibodies to TGEV and PRCV, and to identify TGEV-infected herds. Nine sera from uninfected pigs, 34 sera from 16 pigs experimentally infected with TGEV, and sera from 10 pigs experimentally infected with PRCV were evaluated using both the TGEV/PRCV blocking ELISA and a virus neutralization (VN) assay. The ELISA was not consistently effective in identifying pigs experimentally infected with TGEV until 21 days postinfection. Sera from 100 commercial swine herds (1,783 sera; median 15 per herd) were similarly evaluated using both tests. Thirty of these commercial herds had a clinical history of TGEV infection and a positive TGEV fluorescent antibody test recorded at necropsy within the last 35 months, while 70 herds had no history of clinical TGEV infection. The blocking ELISA and the VN showed good agreement (kappa 0.84) for the detection of porcine coronavirus antibody (TGEV or PRCV). The sensitivity (0.933) of the ELISA to identify TGEV-infected herds was good when considered on a herd basis. The ELISA was also highly specific (0.943) for the detection of TGEV-infected herds when the test results were evaluated on a herd basis. When sera from specific age groups were compared, the ELISA identified a greater proportion (0.83) of pigs in herds with TGEV antibody when suckling piglets were used. In repeatability experiments, the ELISA gave consistent results when the same sera were evaluated on different days (kappa 0.889) and when sera were evaluated before and after heating (kappa 0.888). The blocking ELISA was determined to be useful for herd monitoring programs and could be used alone without parallel use of the VN assay for the assessment of large swine populations for the detection of TGEV-infected herds. 相似文献
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K.S. Gopi Sundar 《Biological conservation》2011,144(12):3055-3063
In countries with high human populations, using agricultural areas as multifunctional systems to produce food for humans and retain wildlife may be an efficient conservation strategy for many species. Inclusion of natural habitat and species requirements on agricultural landscapes explicitly into planning processes are precluded by lack of information on drivers of species persistence. Climate change is an additional emerging complexity, and adaptation plans for agricultural landscapes are biased towards intensification to secure long-range food production. I examine the conservation potential of an agricultural landscape in two districts of Uttar Pradesh, north India where agricultural intensification and altered rainfall patterns are predicted to occur. I assess stressors affecting breeding success over eight years of two large waterbirds of conservation concern – Sarus Cranes and Black-necked Storks. Both species had high breeding success that improved with total rainfall and more wetlands in breeding territories. Agricultural and township expansions deteriorated territory quality and reduced breeding success. Sarus Crane populations were predicted to decline relatively rapidly if development activities continued to displace breeding pairs. Black-necked Storks appeared resilient over the long-term notwithstanding reduced breeding success in low-rainfall years. Waterbird nesting habitats (wetlands and trees) were retained in Uttar Pradesh as community lands by villages and by state government via legal provisions suggesting the utility of multiple conservation approaches. Incorporating species requirements explicitly, alongside traditional land use practices conducive for habitat conservation, into adaptation planning and conservation policy will be necessary to retain long-term multifunctionality of such agricultural landscapes. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To determine cutaneous analgesia, hemodynamic and respiratory effects, and beta-endorphin concentration in spinal fluid and plasma of horses after acupuncture and electroacupuncture (EA). ANIMALS: 8 healthy 10- to 20-year-old mares that weighed between 470 and 600 kg. PROCEDURE: Each horse received 2 hours of acupuncture and 2 hours of PAES at acupoints Bladder 18, 23, 25, and 28 on both sides of the vertebral column as well as sham needle placement (control treatment). Each treatment was administered in a random order. At least 7 days elapsed between treatments. Nociceptive cutaneous pain threshold was measured by use of skin twitch reflex latency (STRL) and avoidance to radiant heat (< or = 50 degrees C) in the lumbar area. Skin temperature, cardiovascular and respiratory variables, and beta-endorphin concentration in spinal fluid (CSF-EN) and plasma (plasma-EN) were measured. RESULTS: Acupuncture and PAES significantly increased STRL and skin temperature. The CSF-EN was significantly increased from baseline values 30 to 120 minutes after onset of PAES, but it did not change after acupuncture and control treatments. Heart and respiratory rates, rectal temperature, arterial blood pressure, Hct, total solids and bicarbonate concentrations, base excess, plasma-EN, and results of blood gas analyses were not significantly different from baseline values after acupuncture, PAES, and control treatments. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Administration of PAES was more effective than acupuncture for activating the spinal cord to release beta-endorphins into the CSF of horses. Acupuncture and PAES provided cutaneous analgesia in horses without adverse cardiovascular and respiratory effects. 相似文献
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Gopi Chand 《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(6):604-625
The study was undertaken to develop agrotechniques for raising short-rotation, high-density (SRHD) energy plantations as a renewable energy source by using planting densities of 10,000 and 14,000 plants/ha. Under Species × Spacing × Fertilizers (N:P:K), the effect of fertilizers was more evident on plant height than on stem diameter. The species as Grevillea robusta, Bauhinia variegata, and Eucalyptus showed the most statistically significant vertical and radial growth in both of the spacings. The N:P:K::50:25:25 kg/ha produced statistically significant growth. The photosynthesis rate, as recorded, showed that Salix tetrasperma had high rates of CO2 assimilation but poor aerial growth.The photosynthetic rate under varying fertilizer treatments remained unchanged, but the biomass improved significantly. In G. robusta, excellent aerial growth was observed despite a low rate of photosynthesis (even at low water potential). The dry weight of Eucalyptus was recorded (60 and 233 t/ha; spacing 1 m × 1 m and 1 m × 0.71 m) after 3 yr. After 10 yr, the highest dry weight was recorded again in Eucalyptus at 1,471.44 t/ha. The lowest moisture content (36–38%) was recorded in Morus alba, while the highest moisture content was recorded in Eucalyptus (66–70%). In all tested species, G. robusta (26%) showed the maximum calorific value. 相似文献
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Rajendran R Karthik Sundaram S Prabhavathi P Sridevi BV Gopi V 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(11):610-618
About 4 different predominant adapted fungal strains (screened from effluent sample) Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp. and Mucor sp. and 4 predominant non-adapted strains (screened from soil, water and fungal fruiting bodies) Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp. and Rhizopus sp., with potential dye decolorization ability on Reactive black 5, Amido black-10B, Red 5B, Reactive red 120 and Anthraquinone violet R were isolated. These organisms were used to develop a consortium which was used in analyzing the bioremediation efficiency on textile effluents containing a mixture of azo dyes. There was about 67% of reduction in color along with 34% of COD reduction by non-adapted fungal consortium while effective bioremediation efficiency was observed in adapted fungal consortium (Color 75% and COD 50%). The regression co-efficient for Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were found to be higher for adapted fungal consortium (R2 = 0.97 and R2 = 0.92) than the non-adapted consortium (R2 = 0.97 and R2 = 0.85) proving that both monolayer and multilayer adsorption of dyes were observed on treating the samples with the adapted fungal consortium. On analyzing the results observed through chi-square test, the calculated value (28.712) was higher than the tabulated value (9.49) at a 4 degree freedom hence the hypothesis was rejected. So, there was an association between adapted fungal consortium and non-adapted fungal consortium and hence the adapted fungal consortium could be considered potentially useful for the bioremediation of textile effluent. 相似文献
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