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Emily R. Cornwell Eileen A. Penner Rodman G. Getchell Geoffrey H. Groocock Paul R. Bowser 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2013,44(5):669-681
The emergence of a new sublineage of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) within the Laurentian Great Lakes has caused concern for aquaculture in the United States. Because of the occurrence of VHSV in a new geographic location, new host species have been identified and the complete host range has not been determined. This study confirmed the high resistance of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, to VHSV type IVb infection. In addition, the experimental susceptibility of hybrid striped bass, Morone chrysops ♂ × Morone saxatilis ♀, to VHSV type IVb infection was examined but determined to be highly dependent on age of fish and exposure temperature. No mortality was observed in adult fish infected via intraperitoneal (IP) injection at 15 C, whereas yearling fish infected via IP injection under the same conditions experienced 20.8% mortality. Among yearling fish infected via IP injection, mortality increased to 100% when exposure to VHSV occurred at 10 C. An LD50 for yearling hybrid striped bass exposed to VHSV at 10 C by IP injection was determined to be 1.4 × 104 pfu (SE = 2.1). Thus, at 10 C, yearling hybrid striped bass experience a high mortality when exposed to VHSV IVb by IP injection. 相似文献
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Two hundred feral cats from the inner suburbs of Sydney were examined post mortem for adult Dirofilaria immitis and circulating microfilariae, and 101 of these cats were tested for heartworm antigens by an ELISA. Only 2 cats (1%) had adult heartworms, the blood sample from another cat contained a single microfilaria. The blood of a further three cats contained small amounts of D immitis antigen. Although D immitis occurs in cats in Sydney, the prevalence is not high enough to warrant prophylactic treatment. 相似文献
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PC Sereno DB Dutheil M Iarochene HCE Larsson GH Lyon PM Magwene CA Sidor DJ Varricchio JA Wilson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,272(5264):986-991
Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) fossils discovered in the Kem Kem region of Morocco include large predatory dinosaurs that inhabited Africa as it drifted into geographic isolation. One, represented by a skull approximately 1.6 meters in length, is an advanced allosauroid referable to the African genus Carcharodontosaurus. Another, represented by a partial skeleton with slender proportions, is a new basal coelurosaur closely resembling the Egyptian genus Bahariasaurus. Comparisons with Cretaceous theropods from other continents reveal a previously unrecognized global radiation of carcharodontosaurid predators. Substantial geographic differentiation of dinosaurian faunas in response to continental drift appears to have arisen abruptly at the beginning of the Late Cretaceous. 相似文献
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Groocock GH Grimmett SG Getchell RG Wooster GA Bowser PR 《Journal of aquatic animal health》2008,20(3):158-164
During 2004 and 2005 a survey was conducted to investigate the presence and geographic distribution of largemouth bass virus (LMBV) in New York State. This iridovirus is widely distributed across the eastern United States; however, it had not previously been reported in New York State. Two hundred and eighty-three wild largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides and 8 smallmouth bass M. dolomieu were collected from 37 locations across the state. No clinical signs of LMBV or mortalities attributable to the virus were observed in the fish collected. Using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) method, we detected LMBV in 28 fish from 13 locations. Viral cytopathic effect in cell culture was observed in 5 fish from 3 locations. The virus isolated from cell culture was confirmed to be LMBV by an independent PCR method. Statistical analysis of the largemouth bass samples collected during 2005 revealed a wide difference in prevalence between the QPCR results and the cell culture results. Analysis of possible predictors, including age, sex, and month collected, showed no significant associations with the QPCR results. This survey confirms the presence and wide distribution of a potentially pathogenic form of LMBV in multiple water systems across New York State. 相似文献