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Barriers to and enablers of implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs in veterinary practices 
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LY Hardefeldt JR Gilkerson H Billman‐Jacobe MA Stevenson K Thursky KE Bailey 《Australian veterinary journal》2018,96(5):151-154
Antimicrobial resistance is a public health emergency, placing veterinary antimicrobial use under growing scrutiny. Antimicrobial stewardship, through appropriate use of antimicrobials, is a response to this threat. The need for antimicrobial stewardship in Australian veterinary practices has had limited investigation. A 2016 survey undertaken to investigate antimicrobial usage patterns by Australian veterinarians found that antimicrobial dose rates were varied and often inappropriate. Doses of procaine penicillin in horses and cattle were often low, with 68% and 90% of respondents, respectively, reporting doses that were unlikely to result in plasma concentrations above minimum inhibitory concentrations for common equine and bovine pathogens. Frequency of penicillin administration was also often inappropriate. Gentamicin doses in horses were largely appropriate (89% of dose rates appropriate), but 9% of respondents reported twice daily dosing. Amoxycillin and amoxycillin‐clavulanate were administered at the appropriate doses, or above, to dogs and cats by 54% and 70% of respondents, respectively. Here, we explore the potential reasons for inappropriate antimicrobial dose regimens and report that antimicrobial labels often recommend incorrect dose rates and thus may be contributing to poor prescribing practices. Changes to legislation are needed to ensure that antimicrobial drug labels are regularly updated to reflect the dose needed to effectively and safely treat common veterinary pathogens. This will be especially true if changes in legislation restrict antimicrobial use by veterinarians to the uses and doses specified on the label, thus hampering the current momentum towards improved antimicrobial stewardship. 相似文献
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Hideki ENDO Truong Son NGUYEN Dinh Duy NGUYEN Motoki SASAKI Junpei KIMURA Tatsuo OSHIDA Masaya YAGO Ngoc Tu LY Thi Tham NGUYEN Masaharu MOTOKAWA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(10):1534
Morphological variation of the skull was examined in the northern treeshrew (Tupaia belangeri) from various localities across Southeast Asia. Through a multivariate analysis, the treeshrews from South Vietnam exhibited distinct morphological characteristics compared to other populations from Thailand and Laos, and Malaysia. The plots of the specimens of North Vietnam are not randomly mixed with Thailand plots segregation in the scatteregrams of canonical discriminant analysis. Since the skulls of the population from North Vietnam were morphologically similar to those form central Laos and northern and northeastern Thailand, the zoogeographical barrier effect of Mekong River was not clearly confirmed. The population of the Kanchanaburi in western Thailand is clearly smaller in size compared to the other populations. The southern border of the distribution of this species is determined by the Isthmus of Kra or Kangar-Pattani Line. In the northern treeshrew, which is distributed from southern China to Bangladesh and southern Thailand, we have detected osteometrical geographical variation driven by geography. These results indicate that the skull morphology in the Tupaia glis-belangeri complex distinctively differs in South Vietnam, western Thailand, and southern Thailand. The zoogeographical barrier and factor separating these districts are expected to clarify in the future. 相似文献
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L. Y. Hardefeldt 《Equine Veterinary Education》2020,32(6):284-285
Underdosing of equine antimicrobials is a global issue and may be contributing to antimicrobial resistance in horses. Recent research in Australia has identified that most antimicrobial use in peer-reviewed literature is at a higher dose than that currently on the label for many common equine antimicrobials in the United States, the UK and Australia. These dosing regimens used are now considered the most appropriate doses to be using in horses and veterinarians treating equine patients should be aware of the contemporary dosing regimens. 相似文献
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Hardefeldt LY Poulsen KP Darien BJ 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2011,40(2):253-255
A 3-month-old Hereford heifer calf was presented for lethargy. Blood gas analysis and plasma biochemical testing revealed severe metabolic acidosis, azotemia, hyponatremia, hyperchloremia, and normal anion gap. Results of a urinalysis were consistent with acute tubular necrosis with inadequate acidification of urine based on the degree of acidemia. Salmonella enterica serovar agona was cultured from both urine and feces. The calf was treated with intravenous polyionic fluids, bicarbonate, and antimicrobials. Acidosis and azotemia resolved, and 4 months following initial presentation the heifer was clinically normal. 相似文献
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Antimicrobial Prescribing in Dogs and Cats in Australia: Results of the Australasian Infectious Disease Advisory Panel Survey 下载免费PDF全文
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Laura Y. Hardefeldt BSc BVMS Nicholas Keuler MS Simon F. Peek BVSc PhD DACVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2010,20(4):421-425
Objective – To report on the incidence of transfusion reactions to commercial equine plasma in a hospital‐based population of horses, to characterize these reactions and report on outcome. Design – Retrospective study. Setting – University teaching hospital. Animals – Client‐owned horses referred to the University of Wisconsin. Interventions – Intravenous administration of 2 commercial equine plasma products when clinically indicated. Measurements and Main Results – Medical records of 107 horses that received plasma transfusions between 2003 and 2008 were evaluated. Transfusion reactions were recorded in 6 of 107 transfusions. All individuals were administered plasma from 1 commercial source. Foals <30 days of age received a hypergammaglobulinemic product and all adults received a lower IgG concentration product. No reactions were recorded in adults. In foals (<30 d) reactions were recorded in 6 of 69 cases (8.7%), all of which occurred in neonates <7 days of age (6/62; [9.7%]). The most frequent reactions were fever (4/6), tachycardia (2/6), tachypnea (2/6), and colic (2/6). All affected foals survived the reaction. There were no statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in any of the variables examined between those foals that did and those that did not experience transfusion reactions. Conclusion – The incidence of transfusion reactions was 8.7% in foals and 0% in adult horses in our referral population. Five of 6 foals responded to medical therapy and eventually received the clinically indicated transfusion. No transfusion related mortality occurred. 相似文献
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