Effect of Progesterone Prior to GnRH-PGF_2α Treatment on Induction of Oestrus and Pregnancy in Anoestrous Awassi Ewes     

MQ Husein  RT Kridli 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2003,38(3):228-232

An experiment was conducted to examine the effect of progesterone prior to a GnRH‐PGF_2α treatment on oestrus and pregnancy in seasonally anoestrous Awassi ewes. Twenty‐four ewes were randomly assigned to three groups to be pre‐treated with 60 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate sponges (group A), 600 mg progesterone sponges (group B) or blank sponges (group C) for 4 days. All ewes were injected with 100 μg of GnRH 24 h after sponge removal followed, 5 days later, by 20 mg PGF_2α injection. Ewes were exposed to three fertile rams at the time of PGF_2α injection (day 0, 0 h) and were checked for breeding marks at 6‐h intervals for 5 days. Blood samples were collected from all ewes 1 day (day ?10) prior to sponge insertion, at the time of sponge removal (day ?6), 1 day following sponge removal (day ?5, at the time of GnRH injection) and at the time of PGF_2α injection (day 0) for analysis of progesterone. Progesterone concentrations on days ?10 and ?5 were basal and averaged 0.2 ± 0.04 and 0.2 ± 0.2 ng/ml, respectively. Progesterone concentrations on day ?6 were elevated only in group B ewes and were higher (p < 0.0001) than those of groups A and C. Progesterone concentrations on day 0 were higher (p = 0.002) in groups A and B than group C. Oestrous responses occurred only in ewes of groups A and B (p > 0.05). Induced oestrus conception rate was greater (p < 0.01) in group A than groups B and C. Ewes returned to oestrus 17–20 days following day 0 were two of eight, six of eight and three of eight of groups A, B and C, respectively, all of which eventually lambed. The overall lambing rate was 82% in progesterone‐primed ewes compared with only 38% non‐progesterone‐primed ewes (p < 0.05). Progesterone priming apparently sensitizes GnRH‐PGF_2α‐treated seasonally anoestrous ewes and increases their response in oestrus and pregnancy rates.  相似文献   

The duration of lot-feeding of sheep before sea transport     

RT NORRIS  RB RICHARDS  GJ NORMAN 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(1):8-10

Adult wethers (n = 750) were lot-fed for 13 days, 8 days or 3 days before a simulated voyage lasting 18 days to examine whether the period of lot-feeding affected the proportion of sheep that ate pelleted feed and their body weight change during simulated shipping. There was no significant difference in the proportion of non-feeders between treatment groups on days 7 and 14 of the voyage. Body weights were not significantly different between the treatment groups on days 14 and 18 of the voyage. Overall body weight loss, from the farm to the end of simulated shipping, was 4.08 kg (+/- 0.28, s.e.m.), 4.58 kg (+/- 0.28) and 4.51 kg (+/- 0.28) in sheep lot-fed for 13 days, 8 days and 3 days, respectively, and was not significantly different between treatments. It was concluded that lot-feeding for 13 days conferred no advantage in body weight or numbers of non-feeders compared with shorter periods in this study.  相似文献   

Versuche mit einem Prostaglandinanalog zur Zyklussynchronisation beim Rind unter hormonanalytischer und klinischer Kontrolle     

Von H. Karg  M. Hartl  B. Hoffmann  D. Schams  W. Schmidt  Von O. Günzler  E. Huber  S. Müller 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1976,11(1):7-18

1. Durch intramuskulare Injektion von 0,5 mg des Prostaglandinanalogs ICI 80 996 beim Rind während der Gelbkörperphase des Zyklus kann nach 15–24 Stunden ein Abfall der Progesteronwerte unter 1 ng/ml Blutplasma und damit eine nachhaltige Luteolyse erreicht werden. Die sich anschließende Brunst ist ovulatorisch und feral. Das Präparat wird ohne Nebenwirkungen vertragen. 2. Durch zweimalige Injektion (d. h. je 1 mal 0,5 mg i. m.) im Abstand von 11 Tagen kann dieser Luteolyseeffekt zu Brunstsynchronisationen herangezogen werden; dabei ist eine Zykluskontrolle oder Brunstbeobachtung nicht erforderlich. 3. in 8 Feldversuchen konnte bei 213 Tieren ein Synchronisationserfolg von 90,6 % und, nach KB in der 1. induzierten Brunst, ein Konzeptionsergebnis von 54,7 % (bzw. von 60,1 %, wenn man die Auswertung auf die erfolgreich synchronisierten Tiere beschränkt) erzielt werden. Die KB bei 119 nicht behandelten Kontrolltieren, die in 5 dieser 8 Versuche zur Verfugung standen, war zu 60,3 % erfolgreich. 4. In einem Problembestand konnte die Fertilitätslage durch das biotechnische Vorgehen der Prostaglandinanwendung unmittelbar nicht verbessert werden 5. Die palpatorischen Ovarbefunde zum Zeitpunkt der KB ergaben, daß Tiere mit aprungbereiten Follikeln'zu 65 %, mit kleinen, nicht reifen Follikeln zu 50,8 % und mit bereitsgesprungenen Follikeln zu 15,8 % konzipierten. 6. Die bei einem Teil der Versuche eingesetzte zusdtzliche Behandlung mit 1,0 bzw. 1,5 mg des Gonadotropin-Releasinghormons (LRH-Hoechst 471) i. m. zum Zeitpunkt der Besamung zeigte bezüglich des Konzeptionsergebnisses eine positive Tendenz.  相似文献   

Management of inappetant sheep during export by sea     

RT NORRIS  CL McDONALD  RB RICHARDS  MW HYDER  SP GITTINS  GJ NORMAN 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(7):244-247

In the first of 2 experiments, a simulated voyage was conducted to examine the effects of various treatments on bodyweight change and feeding frequency of inappetant sheep at the end of lot-feeding (non-feeders). The treatments, applied during simulated shipping, were: normal quantities of feed and length of troughs; extra trough length; extra feed. Adult Merino wethers (n = 108) were used in each treatment. A voyage to the Middle East was then conducted to establish whether shipboard mortality could be reduced by separating non-feeders (n = 305) from feeders (n = 5,620) late in the feedlot hase and housing the groups separately aboard ship. A control group of non-feeders (n = 215) mixed with feeders (n = 5,732) was used for comparison. Bars (marker bars), containing a coloured dye, were attached to feed troughs to mark sheep that fed. Most non-feeders (82%) began eating when placed in shipping pens in both studies. However, there was no significant difference in percentage of sheep that fed between non-feeders given extra trough length or extra feed compared with non-feeders given standard management at any stage of simulated shipping. There was no significant difference in mean bodyweights between treatment groups on days 1, 8 and 15 of simulated shipping. Differences in bodyweight on d 22 were probably associated with different levels of gut fill. Death rates were not significantly different in separated and control groups (1.1%, 0.9%, P = 0.6) in the voyage of 14 d to the Middle East.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Heritable somatic excision of a Drosophila transposon   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

G J Bryan  J W Jacobson  D L Hartl 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,235(4796):1636-1638

A mutation in the white gene of Drosophila mauritiana that results from insertion of the transposable element mariner is genetically unstable in both germ cells and somatic cells. Somatic instability is indicated by the occurrence of animals having mosaic eyes with patches of pigmented cells on a peach-colored background. Normally uncommon, the frequency of mosaicism is so greatly enhanced in a particular mutant strain that virtually every animal in the strain is an eye-color mosaic. The molecular basis of the mosaicism is the excision of the mariner element from its location in the DNA of the white gene in somatic cells. The phenomenon results from a single dominant genetic factor located in chromosome 3. Genetic control over the excision of transposable elements may play a role in determining the persistence of transposable elements in the genome.  相似文献   

Sex-dependent gene expression and evolution of the Drosophila transcriptome     

Ranz JM  Castillo-Davis CI  Meiklejohn CD  Hartl DL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5626):1742-1745

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Genome maps 1991 [wall chart   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M Chipperfield  M Maidek  P Pearson  M Ashburner  D M Glover  R D Saunders  I Duncan  D Hartl  J Merriam  G Lee 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,254(5029):247-262

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Contagious ecthyma in the live sheep export industry     

ARB HIGGS  RT NORRIS  FC BALDOCK  NJ CAMPBELL  S. KOH  RB RICHARDS 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,74(3):215-220

Objective: To investigate control options for contagious ecthyma (scabby mouth) in Australian sheep exported live to the Middle East.
Design: Prevalence, vaccination and modelling studies.
Procedure: One hundred and forty weaner sheep (less than 1 year old) on each of 106 farms in Western Australia (WA) and 18 farm groups of adult wethers received at a WA commercial feedlot were examined for lesions of scabby mouth. Sheep on a total of 26 farms in 3 States were divided into treatment and control groups for the vaccination study. A simple deterministic compartmental model was developed to establish which parameters had the greater effect on disease prevalence.
Results: The proportion of farms with evidence of scabby mouth in weaner sheep was 23.6% and, on those farms with the disease, the overall prevalence was 6.1%. At the feedlot, 4 out of 18 farm groups had 5 or more sheep with lesions on arrival. The overall prevalence in the 4 diseased groups was 5.2%. Sheep vaccinated on farm before trucking to the feed-lot had a lower prevalence of scabby mouth at the end of simulated shipping than controls. The main determinant of scabby mouth prevalence was the proportion of sheep immune to the disease.
Conclusion: A program of vaccination for scabby mouth will reduce the prevalence of disease during live export. However, using current technology it is not possible to deliver shipments of sheep to the Middle East that are guaranteed completely free of scabby mouth.  相似文献   

Per Rectal Portal Scintigraphy Using ^99mTechnetium Pertechnetate to Diagnose Portosystemic Shunts in Dogs and Cats     

Gregory B. Daniel DVM  MS    Ronald Bright DVM  MS    Paul Ollis RT  Robert Shull DVM 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1991,5(1):23-27

Per rectal portal scintigraphy using 99mTechnetium pertechnetate (99mTcO4-) was used to diagnose portosystemic shunts (PSS) before surgical confirmation in seven dogs and two cats. Shunt fractions, representing the percent of portal blood that bypasses the liver, were determined by computer analysis of the scintigraphic images. Animals with portosystemic shunts had a mean preoperative shunt fraction of 84.02% (n = 9). The mean postoperative shunt fraction in four animals was 58.22%. The mean shunt fraction in ten control dogs was 5.00%. Per rectal portal scintigraphy is an innovative, easily performed, inexpensive method to diagnose congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs and cats.  相似文献   

Characterization of the cytokine pattern of porcine bone marrow-derived cells treated with 1alpha,25(OH)D     

Sipos W  Duvigneau JC  Schmoll F  Exel B  Hofbauer G  Baravalle G  Hartl RT  Dobretsberger M  Pietschmann P 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2005,52(8):382-387

The biologically active form of vitamine D(3) [1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3)] has recently been described not only to influence bone metabolism but also to exert immunomodulating activities, which may have an impact on bone formation/resorption as well. In this study, we analysed the effects of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) on the cytokine pattern of porcine bone marrow-derived cells from piglets aged 1-3 weeks. After culture for 1 week, the number of osteoclasts was determined, with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive, multinucleated cells being considered osteoclasts. Cultured bone marrow cell-derived mRNA was subjected to semiquantitative RT-PCR specific for a panel of porcine cytokines (IL-1alpha, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-alpha). In addition, an immunofluorescence analysis using anti-porcine mAbs specific for IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma was performed. In order to prove the existence of a porcine homologue of the receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) bone marrow cell- as well as porcine white blood cell-derived mRNA was investigated by RT-PCR using primer pairs specific for murine RANKL. Cell culture supernatant was analysed for soluble RANKL by means of an ELISA designed for quantification of human RANKL. By means of RT-PCR, expression of IL-1alpha, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-alpha mRNA could be found in cells cultured with and without 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3). Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha were produced by both stromal cells and osteoclasts. Besides its known osteoclastogenic effects, 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) tended to downregulate the respective cytokines, but significantly upregulated RANKL expression. The homology between the porcine RANKL-specific sequence and the corresponding human RANKL sequence was 79%. The data found support the idea that porcine bone marrow cell cultures may provide a suitable alternative to murine systems in human osteological research.  相似文献