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1.
Maryam Mirderikvandi Heshmatollah Khosravinia Bahman Parizadian Kavan 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2020,104(1):166-177
Two hundred fifty two male Ross 308 broiler chicks were raised to examine the effects of Satureja khuzistanica essential oils (SkEO; 0, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 mg/bird/day) administrated via oral gavage and dietary supplementation of acetic acid (AA; 0 or 20 g/kg) in a 6 × 2 factorial fashion using a complete randomized block design with seven replicates of three birds each. In Day 34 of age, liver fat percentage decreased by increasing SkEO levels in a quadratic trend (p < .05). Oral gavag of 200 and 300 mg of SkEO decreased AST activity by 16.67% and 16.94%, respectively, compared with the control birds (p < .05). In Day 38 of age, liver percentage was greater by 0.37% in the birds received 400 mg SkEO than those given 500 mg (p < .05). Liver fat percentage decreased in the birds fed the acidified diet and received 300 and 500 mg SkEO as well as in the birds offered 200 and 400 mg of SkEO and fed non-acidified diet than those received acidified diet with no SkEO administration (p < .05). Prevalence of score zero for hepatocytic vacuolations and necrosis was 80.00% and 42.42% in the birds receiving 600 mg SkEO respectively. Median for relative frequency of scores for hepatocytic vacuolations and hepatocytic necrosis was lesser in the birds received SkEO by oral gavage compared with that of control birds (p < .05). In conclusion, administration of SkEO via oral gavage reduced liver fat in broiler chicken but no consistent dosage could be verified as the effective dosage for all ages concerned. The acidified diet per se showed no evident effect on liver fat at all ages considered. The SkEO × AA interaction exhibited promising but unreliable effects on liver colour score in market age (42 days). 相似文献
2.
Background: Phenylalanine dehydrogenase (PheDH; EC 1.4.1.20) is a NAD+-dependent enzyme that performs the reversible oxidative deamination of L-phenylalanine to phenylpyruvate. It plays an important role in detection and screening of phenylketonuria (PKU) diseases and production of chiral intermediates as well. The main goal of this study was to find a simple and rapid alternative method for purifying PheDH. Methods: The purification of recombinant Bacillus sphaericus PheDH was investigated in polyethylene glycol (PEG) and ammonium sulfate aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS). The influences of system parameters including PEG molecular weight and concentration, pH and (NH4)2SO4 concentration on enzyme partitioning were also studied. The purity of enzyme was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results: A single extraction process was developed for separation and purification of recombinant PheDH from E. coli BL21 (DE3). The optimized conditions for partitioning and purification of PheDH were 9% (w/w) PEG-6,000 and 16% (w/w) (NH4)2SO4 at pH 8.0. The partition coefficient, recovery, yield, purification factor and specific activity values were achieved 58.7, 135%, 94.42%, 491.93 and 9828.88 U/mg, respectively. Also, the Km values for L-phenylalanine and NAD+ in oxidative deamination were 0.21 and 0.13 mM, respectively. Conclusion: The data presented in this paper demonstrated the potential of ATPS as a versatile and scaleable process for downstream processing of recombinant PheDH. 相似文献
3.
Esmaeil Basavand Nargues Falahi Charkhabi Pejman Khodaygan Heshmatollah Rahimian 《Forest Pathology》2021,51(1):e12655
Lawson cypress (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana), an important landscape tree, is widely planted in gardens and parks throughout Iran. Crown gall disease on Lawson cypress trees was observed in Sari and Juybar Counties, Mazandaran province, northern Iran, in 2017. Isolation from galls on potato dextrose agar (PDA) containing CaCO3 yielded bacterial colonies, the predominant types of which were purified and selected for characterization. The isolates were Gram‐negative, oxidase positive, able to grow in 2% NaCl and produced 3‐ketolactose. They hydrolysed esculin, casein and arbutin but not starch, gelatin or Tween 80. Two representative isolates were selected for PCR amplification and sequencing of DNA gyrase subunit B (gyrB) gene. In the phylogenetic tree based on the partial sequence of the gyrB gene, isolates KH1 and KH2 clustered with Agrobacterium pusense. The pathogenicity of all isolates was confirmed by inoculation on Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium) and carrot discs (Daucus carota). Confirmation of the presence of genes involved in pathogenicity was made by performing PCR with the virD2A/virD2C and VCF/VCR primer pairs which resulted in amplification of the expected 224 and 730 bp fragments in all studied isolates, respectively. A. pusense was therefore identified as the causal agent of crown and stem gall of Lawson cypress. This appears to be the first report on the natural occurrence of crown gall disease on Lawson cypress and the first record of a plant disease caused by A. pusense. 相似文献
4.
Valeh Abbasi Heshmatollah Rahimian Mohammad Ali Tajick-Ghanbari 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,135(2):225-235
Strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) were isolated from healthy and diseased stone fruits tissues sampled from 38 stone fruits orchard sites in Iran in 2010 and 2011. These strains were tested for pathogenicity and the presence of the syrB gene and were genetically characterized by using ERIC (enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus), REP (repetitive extragenic palindromes), and BOXAIR and IS50 (insertion sequences) primers and PCR. All 78 strains of Pss tested were moderately to highly pathogenic on Loring peach seedlings. A total of 78 isolates of the Pss amplified a 752-bp fragment with the syrB primers. To assess genetic diversity among the strains, genomic DNA was extracted from strains and used in rep-PCR and IS50-PCR analysis. Cluster analysis was performed using UPGMA. The strains of Pss were separated into nine distinguishable genotypic groups by the combination data set of both rep-PCR and IS50-PCR at 73 % similarity level. There was no significant correlation between genetic diversity and geographical origin of the isolates. These results indicate that a combination of rep-PCR and IS50-PCR fingerprinting can be used as a high resolution genomic fingerprinting method for elucidating intrapathovar diversity among strains of Pss. The results of this study demonstrated the existence of a considerable genetic diversity among Pss strains causing canker of stone fruit trees in Iran. In this study, genetic variability in Iranian strains of Pss were established, which will be of immense use in the development of resistant genotypes against this bacterial pathogen. 相似文献
5.
Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) has existed in northern Iran for more than five decades. The long-time interaction of different virus genotypes with Aphis gossypii, as the only aphid vector of CTV in northern Iran, has led to the emergence of highly virulent subpopulations, among others, in the established foci. Here, we studied the population structure of the originally established CTV isolates present in Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu) trees imported from Japan, and subisolates thereof, formed following experimental transmission by A. gossypii, as well as those evolved through natural transmission by this aphid species in the groves. Symptoms of the naturally spread and the experimentally aphid-transmitted isolates were similar to those of the Satsuma CTV source isolates for all indicator plants except for sour orange (Citrus aurantium) and grapefruit (Citrus paradisi), with the aphid-transmitted isolates additionally inducing severe seedling yellows and stunting in these two indicators. Studies on the population heterogeneity of these isolates through comparison of their single-strand conformational polymorphism profiles and nucleotide sequences of the 25 kDa capsid protein gene from the predominant haplotypes, and dot-blot hybridization signals, revealed the presence of two major T36- and SY568- (or NUagA-) like genotypes along with a minor poorly characterized one in the originally infected Satsuma trees; in contrast, only a certain genomic variant having the highest similarity to the isolate SY568 (and NUagA) was predominant both in the naturally infected trees and in those infected experimentally by A. gossypii. It seems that transmission by A. gossypii to sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) has led to the preponderance of the CTV genomic variants inducing severe seedling yellows in northern Iran. 相似文献
6.
Mohammad Yaghoubi Khanghahi Hemmatollah Pirdashti Heshmatollah Rahimian Ghorbanali Nematzadeh Mehdi Ghajar Sepanlou 《Journal of plant nutrition》2019,42(10):1165-1179
This experiment was carried out in both pot and field conditions to assess the effects of three native potassium solubilizing bacteria (KSB: including Pantoea agglomerans, Rahnella aquatilis and Pseudomonas orientalis which were isolated from paddy fields) on grain yield (GY), dry matter remobilization (DMR) and translocation (DMT), dry matter translocation efficiency (DME) and contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates (CA) from the leaves and leaves plus stem to the grain in rice (Oryza sativa L). The results indicated that the KSBs significantly increased GY around 20–38% in the pot and 20–52% in the field, especially when half of the recommended potassium fertilizer was applied (K2So4, 44% K2O) as compared to the control. Results also showed that the KSB inoculations and chemical fertilizers had a significant effect on DMR, DMT, DME and CA. In conclusion, these KSBs can be utilized as bio-inoculants for half reduction of K chemical fertilizer consumption in rice production systems. 相似文献
7.
本研究的方向是调查在热应激条件下,抗菌剂溶液、油和它们的敷用物表面的喷雾液体对饲养在树叶和玉米芯垫料物质上的肉鸡生产性能的影响效果。在一个周边开放部分控制的鸡舍内将670羽5日龄的strighrunArian肉鸡随机分为45栏(0.09m2/羽)。三种垫料物质即木刨花(WS)、地玉米芯(GCC)(长1.5cm)和树叶,在它们表面上添加油喷雾液(0.4L/m2动物食物型的葵花油)、抗菌剂溶体(3%)和两者的混合处理液。生产性能特征、胸部和脚趾损伤以及垫料特征,三者的数据都被集合在一定的阶乘整理下分析。56日龄的体重、14日龄的采食量、28日龄的垫料湿度、14日龄的垫料pH值和14日龄与56日龄的垫料温度,它们受垫料类型的影响显著(P<0.05)。28、42和56日龄的体重、29～42日龄之间和1～42日龄之间的采食量、56日龄以上的死亡率、28和56日龄的垫料温度和垫料pH值,垫料处理对它们有明显的影响。树叶和地玉米芯表明对改变肉鸡的垫料物质有好的潜力。抗菌剂溶体、油和两者敷用物的表面喷雾液都不是增强鸡的健康和生产性能的有效物质。肉鸡的增长和整齐度被认为是达到结果的首要指标。 相似文献
8.
Meysam Bakhshi ganje Masoud Shams‐Bakhsh John Mackay Heshmatollah Rahimian 《Forest Pathology》2020,50(1)
Oak decline syndrome is characterized by periodic occurrences of decline and death of oaks over widespread areas. An outbreak of a new emerging disease on oak trees was reported in the Hyrcanian forest of Iran (Mazandaran and Golestan provinces) that showed stem bleeding and canker symptoms. Bacterial isolates were characterized through biochemical and physiological tests, protein electrophoresis, DNA fingerprinting (rep‐PCR, ERIC and BOX primers) and sequencing of 16S rRNA and MLSA (multilocus sequencing analysis) for housekeeping genes (gyrB, infB and atpD). A complex community of the genus Brenneria spp. (Brenneria goodwinii, Brenneria roseae subsp. roseae, Brenneria sp. and Brenneria nigrifluens) and a few isolates in the genus Gibbsiella were identified as major groups involved. Isolate differentiation was more accurate using concatenated partial gene sequences within the main groups. All bacterial isolates showed hypersensitivity reactions (HR) on Pelargonium leaves (Pelargonium × hortorum). Pathogenicity studies of different Brenneria and Gibbsiella strains revealed that they have potential to cause the disease in oak seedlings and devastating oak canker and stem bleeding symptoms in northern Iran. Due to the presence of several potentially pathogenic agent(s) associated with the oak decline, identification of the principal agent(s) is of major interest. To our knowledge, this is the first report of potentially pathogenic bacteria associated with oak bleeding and canker in Iran. 相似文献
9.
本试验的目的是研究在热应激条件下,在树叶和碎玉米芯两种肉鸡垫料代用品的表面喷洒抗菌液或油,或者同时喷洒这两种液体后,对肉鸡生产性能产生的影响效果。将675羽1日龄混合性别Arian肉鸡随机分入45个圈(饲养密度为0.09平方米/羽),饲养在半开放式、部分条件可控的鸡舍内。鸡舍使用木刨花(WS)、碎玉米芯(GCC,长1.5厘米)和树叶3种垫料;选择一定数量鸡圈,在其垫料的表面喷洒动物食用级葵花油(0.4升/平方米)、抗菌液(浓度为3%),或者同时喷洒这两种液体。采集试验肉鸡的生产性能、胸部和足垫病变情况以及垫料的特性数据,并采用适当的析因模型对数据进行分析。研究表明,试验肉鸡56日龄体重、1～14日龄的采食量、28日龄时垫料含水量、14日龄时垫料pH值以及14及56日龄时的垫料温度,受垫料种类的显著影响(P<0.05);垫料处理可显著影响了试验肉鸡28、42及56日龄的体重、29～42日龄及1～42日龄的采食量、至56日龄的死亡率、28及56日龄时垫料温度和28及56日龄时垫料pH。研究表明,树叶和碎玉米芯可以作为合适的肉鸡垫料代用品。在垫料表面喷洒抗菌液、油以及同时喷洒这两种液体并不是促进肉鸡健康和提高其生产性能的有效方法。肉禽饲养者和大型联合企业是本研究成果主要的受益者。 相似文献
10.
Physiological adaptive indicators in fasted neonate broiler chicks in response to calcium gluconate injection 
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下载免费PDF全文 H. Khosravinia 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(3):506-512
Four hundred and eighty mixed‐sex broiler chicks aged 3 h after hatching were allotted according to a completely random design in a 6 × 2 × 2 factorial schedule into two groups of 12 replications of 20 chicks each. The main experimental factors were fasting for 0, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after chick placement and calcium gluconate (Ca‐glu) injection (0 and 0.6 ml). Live body weight (BW) of chicks decreased linearly (Y = 43.36–0.109BW0 h, r2 = 0.876) as neonatal fasting extended. Injection of 0.6 ml Ca‐glu at 3 h post‐hatching did not affect weight loss of chicks. Yolk residuals (YR) utilized linearly (Y = 5.75–0.062YR, r2 = 0.956) by 0.062 g/h in neonate fasted chicks up to 48 h, showing no effect of Ca‐glu injection. Neonatal fasting periods longer than 12 h increased liver weight (p < 0.05). The mean absolute and proportional (% of BW0 h) breast and leg weight were reduced linearly as neonatal fasting extended (p < 0.05). Serum glucose concentration increased up to 6 h and then reduced linearly to 150 mg/dl after 48‐h fasting. The Ca‐glu treatment influenced serum glucose level for a short period up to 6 h of fasting. Serum Ca concentration sharply increased up to threefolds in the birds received Ca‐glu injection resulting in acute hypercalcemia, then decreased to the initial level after 24‐h feed withdrawal (p < 0.05). The mean serum level for creatinine, uric acid, cholesterol, HDL, albumins and total proteins significantly increased during the fasting periods of 6 to 48 h and significantly elevated in the birds receiving 0.6‐ml Ca‐glu injection compared with the non‐treated chicks (p < 0.05). It was concluded that subcutaneous administration of 0.6 ml Ca‐glu in the chick's neck did not suitably support the increased metabolic demands for glucose and calcium in feed‐deprived neonate chicks. 相似文献