The Complete Nucleotide Sequence of a Japanese Isolate of White clover mosaic virus Strain RC     

Hitomi NAKABAYASHI  Yasuyuki YAMAJI  Satoshi KAGIWADA  Masashi UGAKI  Shigetou NAMBA 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(2):173-176

The complete nucleotide sequence was determined for genomic RNA of White clover mosaic virus (WClMV-RC) isolated from red clover (Trifolium pratense) in Japan, It is 5843 nucleotides in length, excluding the poly(A) tail at the 3' terminus. Similar to other potexviruses, it contains five open reading frames (ORFs 1 through 5), which putatively encode an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) (147 kDa), a triple gene block (TGB) (26 kDa/13 kDa/7 kDa), and a coat protein (CP) (22 kDa), respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence of the WClMV-RC CP was identical to that of WClMV-O, one of two New Zealand isolates, but only 85% identical to that of WClMV-M, the other New Zealand isolate, because of heterogeneity in the C-termini of CP amino acid sequences. The implication of this CP heterogeneity is discussed. Received 30 August 2001/ Accepted in revised form 11 January 2002  相似文献   

Single oral β-cryptoxanthin administration increases its serum concentration and enhances peripheral blood neutrophil function in Holstein cattle     

Atsushi KIMURA  Yo-Han KIM  Kazuyoshi HASHIZUME  Akira ITO  Katsuyuki MUKAI  Keiichiro KIZAKI  Shigeru SATO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(5):829

We investigated the effect of oral administration of β-cryptoxanthin (β-CRX) on its serum concentration and peripheral neutrophil functions by the chemiluminescence (CL) response in Holstein cattle. A single oral administration of β-CRX was performed for serum β-CRX concentration (0, 0.05, 0.1, or 0.2 mg/kg body weight [BW]) and for peak CL response of peripheral neutrophils (0.2 mg/kg BW). The serum β-CRX concentration was peaked on 2 days after, similar to peak CL response on 3 days after β-CRX administration. Therefore, a single oral administration of β-CRX (0.2 mg/kg BW) induces higher serum concentration and concurrently enhances bactericidal ability of peripheral neutrophils in Holstein cattle.  相似文献   

Relationship between anti-insulin antibody production and severe insulin resistance in a diabetic cat     

Takumi KOMIYA  Akihiro MORI  Naohito NISHII  Hitomi ODA  Eri ONOZAWA  Seri SEKI  Toshinori SAKO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(4):661

A 5-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat was diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis and severe insulin resistance. Although the conventional treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis was provided, the cat required frequent hospitalization because of severe dehydration and repeated diabetic ketoacidosis. We detected anti-insulin antibodies for human in this cat. Serum insulin-binding IgG levels were markedly elevated compared with those in healthy cats and other diabetic cats. We initiated prednisolone to suppress the effects of anti-insulin antibodies. After initiation of prednisolone, the cat was gradually recovered with increasing activity and appetite. Furthermore, satisfactory glycemic control was achieved with combined subcutaneous injection of insulin detemir and insulin degludec.  相似文献   

Hematological and biochemical features of postpartum fever in the heavy draft mare     

Takahiro AOKI  Yuki KIMURA  Anna OYA  Akiko CHIBA  Mitsuo ISHII  Yasuo NAMBO 《Journal of Equine Science》2016,27(1):13-16

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Apoptosis in the porcine uterine endometrium during the estrous cycle, early pregnancy and post partum     

Okano A  Ogawa H  Takahashi H  Geshi M 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(4):923-930

The mammalian uterus changes dramatically during the estrous cycle, pregnancy, and involution post partum. Dynamic changes in the uterine endometrium are a type of homeostasis and proceed with proliferation and exclusion of cells. Homeostasis of the uterus is closely related to apoptosis involving various hormones and cytokines. The objective of the present study was to determine the morphological features and occurrence of apoptosis in the porcine endometrium during the estrous cycle, early pregnancy, and post partum. Cyclic changes in the morphology of the surface epithelium were observed during the estrous cycle. The heights of surface epithelia were significantly high on day 4 of the estrous cycle and the early pregnancy. The heights of the surface epithelium remained low from days 1 to 31 post partum. We then used terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling (TUNEL) of the 3'-terminal of fragmented DNA, which is effective for detection of apoptosis in various tissues. We found that apoptosis in the porcine endometrium contributed to homeostasis of the endometrium during the estrous cycle through control of cell proliferation and exclusion. Conversely, apoptosis on days 4 and 8 of gestation before the implantation window depended on the plasma estrogen and progesterone levels; however, suppressive homeostasis of apoptosis occurred at the time of implantation on days 15, 18 and 21 of gestation. Our study is the first to demonstrate apoptotic cell death in the porcine endometrium directly by TUNEL method. The results strongly suggest that uterine homeostasis is mainly controlled by apoptosis during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy.  相似文献   

Biological and chemical stability of garlic-derived allicin     

Fujisawa H  Suma K  Origuchi K  Kumagai H  Seki T  Ariga T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(11):4229-4235

This study verifies the instability of garlic ( Allium sativum L.)-derived allyl 2-propenylthiosulfinate (allicin) in various aqueous and ethanolic solutions as well as in vegetable oil through chemical and biological analyses performed simultaneously. Crushed fresh garlic cloves generated antibacterial activity and chemically detectable allicin, a major antibacterial principle, and both declined on a daily basis in aqueous and ethanolic solutions at room temperature, showing biological and chemical half-lives of about 6 and 11 days, respectively. Allicin was more stable in 20% alcohol than in water, but surprisingly unstable in vegetable oil, with an activity half-life 0.8 h, as estimated from its antibacterial activity toward Escherichia coli, and a chemical half-life of 3.1 h, based on chromatographic quantification. In alcoholic and aqueous extracts, the biological half-life of allicin tended to be longer than the chemical one, suggesting the occurrence of bioactive compounds other than allicin in the extracts.  相似文献   

Comparison of vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 expression and its relationship to tumor cell proliferation in canine epithelial and mesenchymal tumors     

Mayu KIMURA  Kaede MIYAHARA  Masahiro YAMASAKI  Naohiro UCHIDA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(1):133

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Proportions of melanocyte stimulating hormone-immunoreactive cells in the adenohypophysis of Silky fowl and hyperpigmentation-free cockerels     

Shotaro NISHIMURA  Hitomi SHIMODA  Ichiro OSHIMA  Yoshitaka ONO  Kaoru OKANO  Akira ISHIBASHI  Shoji TABATA  Hisao IWAMOTO 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(6):575-579

Alpha‐melanocyte stimulating hormone (α‐MSH) is one of the main regulators for melanocytes, and the adenohypophysis is one of the major tissues for the synthesis of this hormone. The Silky fowl is a characteristic breed of chicken with hyperpigmentation throughout the body. The involvement of the adenohypophysis in the hyperpigmentation of this breed is not known. In the present study, the proportion of melanocyte stimulating hormone‐immunopositive cells (MSH cells) in the adenohypophysis was immunocytochemically compared between Silky, Red Cornish × New Hampshire (RN) crossbred and Japanese bantam cockerels at 15 weeks of age. After the body and gland were weighed, the adenohypophyseal cells were enzymatically dispersed and immunostained for α‐MSH, and the immunopositive MSH cells were counted. The weights of the body and adenohypophysis were heaviest in the RN crossbred, followed by the Silky and lightest in the bantam cockerels. In contrast, the ratio between adenohypophysis and bodyweight was much larger in the Silky and the bantam than in the RN crossbreed (P < 0.05). The population of MSH cells in the adenohypophysis was larger in the Silky (14.3%) than in the RN crossbreed (8.0%) and the bantam (8.1%) cockerels (P < 0.05). From these results, it was concluded that prepubertal Silky cockerel have numerous MSH cells in the adenohypophysis suggesting a relationship to hyperpigmentation.  相似文献   

Effects of alpha-pinene odor in different concentrations on stress-induced hyperthermia in rats     

Akutsu H  Kikusui T  Takeuchi Y  Mori Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(9):1023-1025

Stress-induced hyperthermia is observed in animals exposed to stressful conditions. In our previous study, plant-derived fragrances such as green odor and alpha-pinene were shown to suppress this stress response in rats. In the present study, we examined the concentration-dependence of the alpha-pinene effects on stress-induced hyperthermia. Male rats carrying telemetry transmitters were transferred individually to a new cage containing bedding that had been sprayed with 0.3, 0.03, and 0.003% concentrations of alpha-pinene or control solvent. Following transfer to the novel environment, the body temperature increased significantly, and this response was clearly suppressed when the cage was scattered with 0.03% alpha-pinene only. These results suggest that the effect of alpha-pinene on stress-induced hyperthermia can be observed only at a certain concentration.  相似文献   

Influence of feeding regime on timing of parturition in beef cattle and the relationship of vaginal temperature to parturition     

Mari AOKI  Koji KIMURA  Osamu SUZUKI 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(3):290-299

The timing of parturition was recorded for a total of 56 beef cattle (Japanese Black × Holstein Friesian) on different dietary treatments. The rate of calving during daylight hours in cows night‐fed (18.00 hours) with a roughage diet was significantly higher than that in cows night‐fed with a high concentrate diet (79.2% vs 38.5%, P < 0.05). Subsequently, the vaginal temperature (VT) of these cows was analyzed using a cosinor method. When the feeding schedule was changed from twice daily (08.30 and 15.30 hours) to night feeding, the periodicity, the acrophase and the bathyphase, which were the parameters of the cosine curve, were unstable from the first day of night feeding until after day 6 (P < 0.05). Prior to parturition, the midline‐estimating statistic of rhythm (MESOR) and the amplitude for the cows that were fed a high‐roughage diet at night and that calved at night‐time were lower and larger, respectively, than that for the other treatments (P < 0.01). Based on these results, the time of parturition in most of the beef cows was influenced by feeding time and diet composition. Those cows that calved at night‐time in spite of night feeding had lower vaginal temperatures.  相似文献