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HY Jang YH Kim BW Kim IC Park HT Cheong JT Kim CK Park HS Kong HK Lee BK Yang 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):943-950
Melatonin, the major secretory product of the pineal gland, scavenges a variety of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in vivo and in vitro, indicating that melatonin is a potent function as an antioxidant. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin in the presence or absence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on sperm characteristics (motility, viability, survival rate, membrane integrity, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and mitochondria activity) and also to examine the developmental rates to the blastocysts stage of porcine oocytes fertilized in vitro with semen treated with or without melatonin (100 nm ) in the presence or absence of H2O2 (250 μm ). The sperm were treated with melatonin in the presence or absence of H2O2 for 3, 6, 9 and 12 h at 37°C and then analysed for the sperm characteristics. The porcine embryos were produced by in vitro maturation and in vitro fertilization (IVM/IVF) using semen treated with or without melatonin (100 nm ) in the presence or absence of H2O2 (250 μm ) for 6 h. The semen characteristics, including motility, viability, survival rate, membrane integrity and mitochondria activity, were higher in the groups that were treated with melatonin in comparison to other groups, irrespective of incubation periods. Malondialdehyde levels in control, melatonin and melatonin + H2O2 groups were lower than H2O2 only group. A positive correlation was shown among motility, viability, survival rate and membrane integrity, but a negative correlation was observed between LPO and the other evaluation methods. The developmental rates to blastocysts of IVM/IVF porcine oocytes fertilized by semen treated with melatonin were significantly increased compared with any other groups, with the cell number of blastocysts shown to have a similar trend to the developmental rates. These results demonstrate that melatonin can improve the semen characteristics during in vitro storage and support the developmental ability of IVM/IVF embryos in pigs. 相似文献
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Assessment of Genetic Variability in the Coding Sequence of Melatonin Receptor Gene (MTNR1A) in Tropical Arid Sheep Breeds of India 
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下载免费PDF全文 VK Saxena BK Jha AS Meena HK Narula D Kumar SMK Naqvi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(3):517-521
Seasonal behaviour in sheep, which varies in tropical and temperate environmental conditions, is a matter of study, because it can provide a clue to address the problem of seasonality in sheep. Melatonin receptor is the membrane‐bound G‐coupled receptor, sensing the message of photoperiodic cues thorough melatonin. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) studies were carried out to assess the variability of gene at G612A and C606T SNPs in MTNR1A gene, which have been studied to be markers for out‐of‐season breeding. Allelic frequency distribution corresponded to higher frequency of GG and CC genotype, in tropical arid sheep breed in comparison with temperate region sheep breed. PCR amplification of MTNR1A gene of 30 animals was performed and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identification was carried out using Lasergene software. Seven SNPs/mutations were identified, but most of them were synonymous, except the one G706A, leading to substitution of valine by isoleucine. Polyphen‐2 analysis of G706A mutation revealed that it is a benign mutation. Two important SNPs C426T and G555A, which were identified in temperate sheep breeds, could not be traced in Magra and Marwari breeds of sheep. Thus, the Magra and Marwari breeds of tropical, arid region demonstrated the presence of both polymorphic SNPs markers G612A and C606T, associated with out‐of‐season breeding. GG and CC genotypes were having a higher prevalence in the studied population. 相似文献
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Kenji Tanaka Yoshitaka Funakoshi Takaomi Hokamura Fumihiko Yamada 《Paddy and Water Environment》2010,8(3):217-226
Agricultural fields in the middle Shira River basin play an important role as a source of groundwater recharge; however, the
water balance between the agricultural water and river water is unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the water
balance in the fields by measuring the stream flow of agricultural water channels, which draw water from the Shira River.
The flow rate of water channels was found to increase in the beginning of May, which corresponded to the cultivation of paddy
rice fields. During summer, the total agricultural intake was comparable to the river flow observed in the middle Shira River
Basin. Determination of the water budget for the targeted area revealed that most of the recharged water was dependent on
agricultural irrigation from the river. The annual recharge of the overall target area was estimated to be as high as 15,300 mm.
In addition, the infiltration rate was as high as 170 mm/day in the paddy fields during summer, and as high as 30 mm/day in
the upland fields during winter. In order to recover the groundwater recharge in this region, it is necessary to extend the
submerged period to include periods in which the stream water in the Shira River is not subject to heavy rainfall as well. 相似文献
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G Zamaratskaia HK Andersson G Chen K Andersson A Madej K Lundström 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(3):351-359
The objective of this study, comprising two trials, was to evaluate the effect of a gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH‐vaccine ImprovacTM; Pfizer Ltd) in a sample of the Swedish pig population. The pigs (n = 120) were assigned to three groups: control (entire male pigs), surgical castration and immunization against GnRH. Surgically castrated pigs did not express detectable levels of either testosterone or estrone sulphate (E1S) in plasma, or androstenone in fat and had lower skatole and indole levels in fat than entire male pigs. Immunization significantly reduced testes weight and bulbourethral gland length, plasma levels of the testicular hormones testosterone and E1S, and fat levels of androstenone, skatole and indole. Skatole levels in plasma were significantly lower than in entire male pigs in the second trial, but not in the first due to overall low skatole levels. All immunized pigs and surgically castrated pigs expressed skatole concentrations in fat below the level of 0.2 μg/g, above which meat is regarded as tainted. In contrast, eight entire male pigs exceeded this level. Indole levels in plasma from immunized pigs were lower than those from entire male pigs. Surgical castration caused lower daily weight gain in the suckling period compared with piglets raised intact, whereas in the post‐weaning period no difference was observed. Immunization resulted in higher feed intake and daily weight gain after the second injection. The estimated lean meat content was improved in comparison with the castrated pigs, but was lower than for entire male pigs. Dressing percentage was lower in immunized pigs than in surgically castrated and entire male pigs. The frequency of skin damage did not differ between immunized and entire male pigs or between immunized and surgically castrated pigs. 相似文献
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G Zamaratskaia L Rydhmer G Chen A Madej HK Andersson K Lundström 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2005,40(6):500-506
This study aimed to describe the association between incidence of boar taint and pubertal changes in gonadal hormones, size of reproductive organs and aggressive behaviour in entire male pigs. In total, 111 entire male pigs were included in the study. Sampling was performed first at 90 kg live weight (LW) and, then, at 115 kg LW. Variables measured were skatole and androstenone levels in plasma and fat, testosterone and oestrone sulphate in plasma, free oestrone in fat, weight of testes and length of bulbourethral glands. Aggressive interactions between pigs were registered when a limited amount of feed was provided to the pigs prior to routine feeding. The number of initiated interactions (attacks) and the difference between number of initiated and received interactions (relative attacks) were calculated for each pig. Multivariate analysis revealed that gonadal hormones and reproductive organ size influenced prevalence of boar taint, accounting for 30% of the variation in skatole levels in fat and for 37% of the variation in androstenone levels in fat. These relations were independent of aggression levels in entire male pigs. Skatole levels were influenced by the levels of oestrone sulphate in plasma and free oestrone in fat, but not levels of plasma testosterone. Pigs with testes weight below 565 g and a bulbourethral gland length <90 mm did not produce high amounts of skatole; therefore, these values can be used as a threshold level to detect pig carcasses with low skatole levels. High androstenone levels could not be predicted by measuring reproductive organ sizes. More research is required to develop a rapid and accurate method for the analysis of carcasses of entire male pigs. 相似文献
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CIDR和PMSG诱导东北梅花鹿同期发情的初步研究 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
应用阴道内孕酮释放装置 (CIDR)结合不同来源和不同剂量的PMSG处理 ,观察东北梅花鹿同期发情效果。 2 6只试验鹿分成 5组 ,将CIDR放置母鹿阴道内 15d后取出 ,肌注不同剂量 (10 0～ 5 0 0IU)孕马血清促性腺激素 ,放入带试情布的公鹿试情 ,持续观察 72h。结果表明 ,取出CIDR后试验鹿在 (33.3± 7.0 )h发情。其中含 10 0IUPMSG的“Folligon”处理的试验鹿同期发情率达 10 0 % ;国产PMSG处理的梅花鹿随着PMSG剂量的增加 ,发情率有增加的趋势 ,但各组间差异不显著 (χ2 检验P >0 .0 5 )。同时 ,不同剂量的PMSG处理没有显著影响CIDR取出后至发情时的平均时间长度。 相似文献
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LY Hardefeldt HK Crabb KE Bailey T Johnstone JR Gilkerson H Billman‐Jacobe GF Browning 《Australian veterinary journal》2019,97(9):316-322
The Australian Veterinary Prescribing Guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis for surgery on dogs and cats are evidence‐based guidelines for veterinary practitioners. Validation of these guidelines is necessary to ensure quality and implementability. Two validated tools, used for medical guideline appraisal, were chosen to assess the guidelines. The terminology from the GuideLine Implementability Appraisal (GLIA) and the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation version 2 (AGREE II) were adapted for use by veterinarians. A two‐phase evaluation approach was conducted. In the first phase of the evaluation, the GLIA tool was used by two specialist veterinary surgeons in clinical practice. The results of this phase were then used to modify the guidelines. In the second phase, the AGREE II tool was used by 6 general practitioners and 6 specialists to appraise the guidelines. In phase 1, the specialist surgeons either agreed or strongly agreed that the guidelines were executable, decidable, valid and novel, and that the guidelines would fit within the process of care. The surgeons were neutral on flexibility and measurability. Additional clarity around one common surgical procedure was added to the guidelines, after which the surgeons agreed that the guidelines were sufficiently flexible. In phase 2, 12 veterinarians completed the assessment using the AGREE II tool. In all sections the scaled domain score was greater than 70%. The overall quality of the guidelines was given a global scaled score of 76%. This assessment has demonstrated that the guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis for companion animal surgery are valid and appear implementable. 相似文献