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1.
A principal nuclear transfer procedure is to inject a donor cell into the perivitelline space in an enucleated oocyte and then electric fusion is performed (cell fusion method). The effects of activation methods in reconstructed oocytes for the serum-starved somatic cell cloning procedure were investigated in this study by means of intracytoplasmic injection (i.c.i.). Bovine oocytes were enucleated at 18-22 h for in vitro maturation, and subsequently the nucleus of cumulus cell collected from Japanese Black Bulls (JBCC) after 5-7 days of starved culture was injected into the recipient cytoplast with a piezo-micromanipulator. At 1 h after i.c.i., reconstructed oocytes were stimulated with ethanol (ET) or calcium ionophore (CaI) as the first activation treatment, followed by cycloheximide (CHX) or 6-dimethylaminopurin (DMAP) treatment as the second activation. In the experiment on the first activation method, the proportion of reconstructed oocytes developing to the blastocyst stage was significantly (p<0.01) higher in the ET activation method than that with CaI (10.5% and 4.7%, respectively). And the experiment on the second activation method after ET treatment showed similar proportions of blastocyst development in both CHX and DMAP treatments (5.9% and 2.8%, respectively). The present results indicated that combined activation treatment with ET and CHX was efficient for reconstructed bovine oocytes by i.c.i. 相似文献
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Koichi Hagiya Ikumi Bamba Takefumi Osawa Yamato Atagi Naozumi Takusari Fumiaki Itoh Takeshi Yamazaki 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(5):613-618
We used daily records from provincial Japanese weather stations and monthly test‐day records of milk production to investigate the length of the lags in the responses of cows’ milk yield and somatic cell score (SCS) to heat stress (HS). We also investigated the HS thresholds in milk yield and SCS. Data were a total of 17,245,709 test‐day records for milk and SCS in Holstein cows that had calved for the first time between 2000 and 2015, along with weather records from 60 weather stations. Temperature–humidity index (THI) values were estimated by using average daily temperature and average daily relative humidity. Adjusted THI values were calculated by using temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation. The model contained herd, calving year, month of test day, age group, days in milk, and THI as a fixed effect. THIs for each day from 14 days before the test day until the test day were used to represent the HS effects. The HS occurring 3 days, and between 8 and 10 days, before the test day had the greatest effect on the milk yield and SCS, respectively. The threshold THI values for the HS effect were about 60–65 for both traits. 相似文献
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Shigeru Miyazaki Ikumi Ishizaki Masumi Ishizaka Tadashi Kanbara Yuriko Ishiguro-Takeda 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2004,16(4):340-342
Lolitrems are neurotoxins found in endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass. Lolitrems, primarily lolitrem B, are the causative agents of ryegrass staggers in livestock. To guarantee the safety of meat produced from cattle consuming endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass, lolitrem B concentrations in tissues of Japanese Black cattle were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Lolitrem B was not detected in muscle, liver, kidney, or cerebrum of a Japanese Black cow with signs of ryegrass staggers. In contrast, perirenal fat contained 210 ppb lolitrem B. Three cows that received half as much perennial ryegrass straw as the cow with ryegrass staggers showed no clinical signs of ryegrass staggers. However, low concentrations of lolitrem B (less than 150 ppb) were detected in their fat tissue. These observations indicate that human exposure to the neurotoxic effect of lolitrem B through beef is unlikely. The amount of lolitrem B consumed by cattle can be estimated by the determination of lolitrem B in fat tissue. 相似文献
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Changes of leukocyte counts and expression of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in peripheral leukocytes in periparturient dairy cows with retained fetal membranes 
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下载免费PDF全文 Takashi Shimizu Ikumi Morino Ryuji Kitaoka Akio Miyamoto Chiho Kawashima Shingo Haneda Fumie Magata 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(9):1371-1378
In dairy cows, retained fetal membranes (RFM) affect reproductive performance. The aim of this study was to examine the leukocyte counts and the gene expression of tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin 1β (IL‐1β), IL‐8, and IL‐10 in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in cows with (n = 5) or without (n = 5) RFM during the peripartum period. The lymphocyte counts in RFM cows were higher than those in control cows throughout the experiment (p < .05). The expression of IL‐8 in PMNs of control cows was higher (p < .05) compared with that of RFM cows postpartum. In cows with RFM, IL‐1β expression was higher (p < .05) in PMNs at 6 weeks postpartum whereas the expression of IL‐1β was lower (p < .05) in PBMCs at 4 weeks postpartum. The expression of IL‐10 in PBMCs of control cows was higher (p < .05) than that of RFM cows at 2 weeks prepartum and 4 weeks postpartum. Taken together, our data indicate that changes of gene expression of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in RFM cows might be associated with the delayed placental separation and development of uterine inflammation in RFM cows. 相似文献
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Nishikawa Y Ibrahim HM Kameyama K Shiga I Hiasa J Xuan X 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(5):633-639
The intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii lacks the ability to synthesize sterol and scavenges cholesterol from the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) pathway of its host to facilitate replication. Sterol biosynthesis inhibitors, however, have a demonstrated anti-Toxoplasma effect. In this study, we examined the host mevalonate pathway as a novel source of cholesterol for T. gondii and its effects on parasite growth in macrophages. Parasite growth did not significantly change in the absence of LDLR or when LDL was exogenously supplemented. Lovastatin and compactin, both inhibitors of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase in the mevalonate pathway, significantly inhibited T. gondii growth in both wild-type and LDLR-knockout macrophages. Parasite growth was also suppressed by squalestatin, an inhibitor of squalene synthase, despite mevalonate producing isoprenoid intermediates in host cells. The present study demonstrates that lovastatin, compactin and squalestatin have anti-Toxoplasma activities and that the host cholesterol synthesis may contribute to parasite growth in macrophages. 相似文献
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Impact of metritis on the generation of reactive oxygen species by circulating phagocytes and plasma lipopolysaccharide concentration in peripartum dairy cows 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Fumie Magata Ikumi Morino Makoto Teramura Ei Tsunoda Chiho Kawashima Shingo Haneda Akio Miyamoto Katsuya Kida Takashi Shimizu 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(2):248-253
This study examined the relationship between postpartum metritis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration in peripartum dairy cows. Blood was collected twice weekly from 2 weeks prepartum through 6 weeks postpartum. Whole blood chemiluminescence (WBCL) was measured using the luminol‐enhanced zymosan‐stimulated chemiluminescence assay. Cows were examined for uterine health disorders and classified into two groups, healthy (n = 11) and metritis (n = 5). Metritis had a significant effect on WBCL, with cows with metritis having a higher WBCL. Plasma LPS concentrations in cows with metritis were significantly higher than in healthy cows. To examine the effect of LPS on WBCL, blood was sampled in healthy peripartum cows (1 to 2 weeks prepartum, n = 8; 0 to 3 weeks postpartum, n = 11; and 4 to 8 weeks postpartum, n = 8) and incubated with LPS. At 1 endotoxin units/mL of LPS, similar to the plasma LPS concentration in cows with metritis, the WBCL increased in cows at 0 to 3 weeks postpartum. Results indicate that the increase in ROS generation and plasma LPS concentration are associated with metritis, and LPS may be responsible for enhanced ROS generation in early postpartum dairy cows. 相似文献
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Ryoko INOUE Ikumi JOMA Koji OTSUBO Hiroshi MATSUTAKE Tokuma YANAI Hiroki SAKAI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(1):117-119
A cardiac mass (3 × 5 × 3 cm) was detected at the base between the right
auricular wall and right vena cava of a slaughtered 6-month-old female mixed-breed pig
during a meat inspection. The tumor comprised infiltrative prominent interweaving
fascicles of Schwann cells with Verocay bodies. Moreover, the ganglion cells were
scattered or aggregated throughout the neoplastic tissue. The ganglion and Schwann cells
had neither cellular atypism nor mitosis. On the basis of the bearing site as well as the
morphological and immunohistochemical features, this is the first case of a cardiac
ganglioneuroma in a pig. 相似文献
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Koito Tomoko Nakamura-Kusakabe Ikumi Yoshida Takao Maruyama Tadashi Omata Tamano Miyazaki Nobuyuki Inoue Koji 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(2):381-388
Seawater around deep-sea hydrothermal vents and cold seeps contain high levels of hydrogen sulfide, which is toxic to most
animals. Invertebrates inhabiting these environments have been reported to accumulate high levels of thiotaurine, a sulfur-containing
amino acid. Thiotaurine is likely to play an important role in sulfide detoxification, but its functions in the detoxification
process are still unknown. We cloned methane-seep mussel Bathymodiolus platifrons cDNA encoding the taurine transporter (TAUT), which transports thiotaurine and its precursors across the cell membrane. Phylogenetic
analyses revealed that the predicted peptide formed a clade with the TAUTs of shallow-water mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and the hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus septemdierum that harbors thioautotrophic bacteria. We then reared B. platifrons in the presence or absence of Na2S and quantified TAUT mRNA using a real-time PCR system. The amount of TAUT mRNA in the gills of B. platifrons increased with rearing in the presence of Na2S for 69 days, but no change was observed in the absence of sulfide. These results suggest that TAUT plays an important role
in sulfide detoxification, even in species that do not harbor thioautotrophic bacteria. The TAUT mRNA level was variable in
the mantle and low in the foot throughout the entire rearing period, regardless of the presence/absence of sulfide, suggesting
that TAUT gene expression is regulated differentially in each tissue. 相似文献