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1.
Tsukasa OKANO Katsuhi NAKATA Yumiko NAKAYA Takashi NAGAMINE Manabu ONUMA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(6):637-642
The Ryukyu long-furred rat, Diplothrix legata, is a large rodent
distributed only on Amami-ohshima Island, Tokuno-shima Island and Okinawa-jima Island,
Japan. This animal is endangered as a result of deforestation, predation by introduced
carnivores and mortality caused by vehicles. We performed theriogenological examinations
of 32 male and 25 female Ryukyu long-furred rats carcasses collected from wild populations
on northern Okinawa-jima Island from December 2005 to September 2013. Adult males had
remarkably large preputial glands. Seminiferous diameter of adult was significantly small
(136 ± 28 µm, n=8) from April to August. Numerous spermatozoa were
observed from September through February, and seminiferous diameter was significantly
large (216 ± 27 µm, n=12) during this time in adults; testes length
changed in a similar pattern. These findings indicate that the mating season may occur
from September through February. Size (body length) at sexual maturity was estimated to be
>560 mm in both sexes. From observation of corpora lutea and placental scars, litter
size was estimated to range from 2 to 12 (average=6, n=4). These results provide
fundamental knowledge that will be beneficial for in situ and ex
situ conservation of this rare species. 相似文献
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Adachi I Kusuda S Kawai H Ohazama M Taniguchi A Kondo N Yoshihara M Okuda R Ishikawa T Kanda I Doi O 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2011,57(2):262-266
The purposes of the present study were to establish a noninvasive monitoring assay of fecal progestagen measurement to detect pregnancy and to identify the components of fecal progestagens in early, middle and late pregnancy in cheetahs. Feces were collected from 7 female cheetahs and analyzed from 30 days before the last copulation to parturition in 9 pregnancies. Blood was collected from one cheetah. Fecal progestagen and serum progesterone concentrations were determined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The profiles of the fecal progestagen concentrations were similar to the serum progesterone profile. Fecal progestagen and serum progesterone concentrations remained at the baseline until copulation. In the mean fecal progestagen profile during pregnancy (92.8 ± 0.4 days; from the last copulation to parturition), the concentrations increased 3-4 days after the last copulation and remained high until parturition. To investigate changes in the components of progestagen metabolites in the tripartite periods of gestation, fecal progestagens were analyzed by HPLC-EIA. Marked immunoreactive peaks consistent with 5α-pregnan-3α/β-ol-20-one and 5α-pregnan-3,20-dione and small peaks consistent with 5β-pregnan-3α/β-ol-20-one were detected. There were no distinct difference in the components of progestagens among the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy. The hormone assay, as an indicator of fecal 5α-reduced pregnanes, is useful for detecting pregnancy and monitoring pregnant luteal activity in cheetahs. 相似文献
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It is generally believed that forests are perceived differently according to the cultural background of the visitor. Different
cultural groups tend to have diverse perceptions of tree species, landscapes, or gardens. In this research project, we conducted
interviews of German and Japanese groups (each group consisting of three or more people), to identify their perspectives in
exploring the theme of “cut” and “dead” wood. For this purpose, we interviewed 20 groups from each cultural background (40
data sets in total). Each group was asked to categorize 36 pictures chosen from photographic contests. The results were examined
with PCA and cluster analysis. The quantified results of the two national groups highlighted the dichotomy of the cut and
dead wood relationship. The method and materials used gave robust results. Differences between the two groups were identified
by their perceptions of cut and dead wood. The results are insightful from a methodological and political rationale. First,
new insights were gained by adopting group-based interviews using pictures from photographic contests. Research about public
perceptions in forest science is often dominated by a focus on verbal inquiry. This study explored similar questions, using
visual materials. The interviews consisted of visual materials to overcome bias in languages or the question order. Second,
the results indicated the influence of “close-to-nature forestry” policy on public perceptions. While German society has a
wide practice of leaving dead wood in forests based on their close-to-nature forestry policy, there is no equivalent Japanese
concept. Although Japan and Germany both face pressures for economic restructuring and public participation, the difference
in public perception of forestry can lead to a difference in acceptance for the same policy. If such differences are to exist,
we can observe that the legitimacy of forestry in the two countries is reconstructed in different ways. 相似文献
6.
Taira O Watanugi I Hagiwara Y Takahashi M Arai S Sato H Maehara N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(10):1059-1062
We cloned five new subtypes of cDNA encoding canine interferon-alpha (CaIFN-alpha) from a canine epithelial cell line. CaIFN-alphas were divided into two groups by amino acid sequences and a molecular phylogenic tree. Two subtypes of them were expressed in Escherichia coli, and IFN proteins were purified. Recombinant CaIFN-alphas were highly species-specific and showed antiviral activity against Vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus and canine adenovirus-1 , but not against canine herpesvirus-1. 相似文献
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Mutsumi NAKAMURA Takafumi NAGAMINE Akio TAKENAKA Rustem I. AMINOV Koretsugu OGATA Kiyoshi TAJIMA Hiroki MATSUI Yoshimi BENNO Hisao ITABASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(5):347-352
A 2.6-kb DNA fragment encoding a xylanase gene ( xyn A) was cloned from the rumen hemicellulolytic bacterium Ruminococcus albus 7. The deduced primary structure of the protein (XynA) was divided into a signal peptide region and 3 domains. Domain A was identified as a family 11 (G) catalytic domain, but one amino acid residue was replaced by another in an active site signature 1 of family 11. Domain B is a stabilizing domain for the catalytic domains of families 10 and 11. Deletion of domain B reduced stability of the xylanase at high temperature and at high and low pH. Domain B may be useful for protein engineering of xylanase. Domain C has sequence similarity to deacetylases and NodB proteins. 相似文献
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Masahiro Shishido Itsuki Kubota Tatsuya Ohashi Toshiyuki Usami 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2013,79(1):18-27
We developed a real-time PCR assay using a TaqMan probe (TM-qPCR) for specific detection and quantification of Phomopsis sclerotioides, causal agent of black root rot of cucurbit crops. The design of the primer sets and hybridization probe was based on the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA. The TM-qPCR assay was compared with a conventional, standard PCR (sPCR) assay and on a quantitative real-time PCR (SG-qPCR) assay based on SYBR Green I. The TM-qPCR assay had a detection limit of ca. 0.4 fg of P. sclerotioides DNA, which was approximately 100 times more sensitive than the sPCR assay and almost equivalent to the SG-qPCR assay. The TM-qPCR and SG-qPCR assays both were able to detect various quantities of P. sclerotioides DNA from diseased plants and infested soils, including DNA levels that were not detectable by the sPCR assay. However, the TM-qPCR was advantageous for samples containing PCR-inhibiting substances because its multiplex real-time PCR function allows the adjustment of cycle threshold values with an internal control. Based on the high specificity and sensitivity required for analyzing DNA in natural samples, the newly developed TM-qPCR assay was the most reliable tool for rapidly detecting and quantifying P. sclerotioides in plant and soil samples. 相似文献
9.
Taira O Suzuki M Takeuchi Y Aramaki Y Sakurai I Watanabe T Motokawa K Arai S Sato H Maehara N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(5):543-545
Two kinds of FeIFN-alpha consisting of 166 amino acids (aa) and 171 aa were expressed in Escherichia coli, and the purified proteins were tested for antiviral activity on homologous and heterologous animal cells. Crude FeIFN induced in feline cells revealed antiviral activity on both homologous and heterologous animal cells. In contrast, both types of recombinant FeIFN-alpha revealed antiviral activity only on the feline cells. All of the FeIFN-alpha subtypes showed high activity to vesicular stomatitis virus, and the three species of feline viruses belonging to different families. 相似文献
10.
Osamu SASAKI Hirohisa KIMURA Kazuo ISHII Masahiro SATOH Yoshitaka NAGAMINE Kunio YOKOUCHI 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(3):486-493
Dairy farm agricultural income should increase when sexed semen is used instead of unsexed semen. This study simulated three scenarios: using unsexed semen (N), using X sperm of Holstein and unsexed semen of Japanese Black (H), and using X sperm of Holstein and Y sperm of Japanese Black (HJ). Two management scenarios were considered: conventional management (CONV); and the use of Japanese Black semen with surplus cows to produce F1s where sufficient replacement female Holstein calves were obtained for maintenance (MAINT). In CONV, the agricultural incomes of H and HJ were 610 000–2 400 000 yen higher than that of N. The agricultural income increased when the difference in the prices between Holstein males and average F1 male/female calves was 34 000–50 000 yen, that between Holstein male and female calves was 80 000–110 000 yen, and that between F1 male and female calves was 50 000–90 000 yen. Therefore, the agricultural income can be increased by using sexed semen to select calves of a more valued breed and sex. 相似文献