Straw-borne Inoculum of Septoria nodorum and S. tritici in relation to Incidence of Disease on Wheat Plants   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

S. J. I. HOLMES  J. COLHOUN 《Plant pathology》1975,24(2):63-66

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Pasmo Disease of Linseed in Scotland   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. J. I. HOLMES 《Plant pathology》1976,25(1):61-61

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IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—CORPUS CAVERNOSUM, ISCHIOCAVERNOSUS, AND BULBOSPONGIOSUS MUSCLE INJURY IN A DOG     

DANIEL G. HICKS  RODNEY S. BAGLEY  PATRICK R. GAVIN  SHANNON P. HOLMES  AHMED TIBARY 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2007,48(3):239-242

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Observations on structure and function of the equine mitral valve     

P. J. MILLER  J. R. HOLMES 《Equine veterinary journal》1984,16(5):457-460

The anatomy of the equine mitral valve and certain variations observed in 60 adult horses are described. The functional role of this valve, sited between the left atrium and the high pressure-generating left ventricle, is discussed in relation to its anatomical structure. A method of examining the left side of the heart post mortem is described.  相似文献   

Characterisation of equine T helper cells: demonstration of Th₁- and Th₂-like cells in long-term equine T-cell cultures     

N. AGGARWAL  M. A. HOLMES 《Research in veterinary science》1999,66(3):277-279

The aim of this study was to characterise CD4+T-cells in equines, as these cells are pivotal in establishing immune responses or regulating established ones. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a pony immunised with ovalbumin were cultured in vitro in the presence of the specific antigen and autologous antigen presenting cells. During the antigen starvation phase, cells were maintained on recombinant equine IL-2. After 35 days of culture, most of the cells were CD4+, CD8-and sIg-. Cells proliferated specifically in the presence of antigen, as tested on day 42 of culture. These cells were analysed by in-situ hybridisation to detect m RNA for IL-2 and IL-4, the presence of which suggested the existence of of Th1- and Th2-like cells.  相似文献   

Chemical Aids in Forest Fire Control     

CONNELL  C. A.; HOLMES  G. D. 《Forestry》1963,36(1):91-108

Progress in development of chemical aids in suppressing andretarding forest fires and in drying vegetation to facilitatecontrolled burning is reviewed briefly. The main part of thepaper describes exploratory trials in 1958–61, using arange of fire-retardant compounds for control of grass and heathfires. All chemicals tested were markedly superior to plainwater in checking fire spread. Ammonium phosphate solution,and ‘viscous water’ prepared using sodium alginate,were the most promising retardants tested, the latter beingthe more effective on heavier fuels such as heather and gorse.The costs and mechanics of use are discussed. Subject to operationaltrials, it is concluded that these chemicals could be of practicalvalue in checking the front and hottest parts of vegetationfires. Recent trials suggest that herbicides, of those testednotably Paraquat, may be used to desiccate grass vegetationto permit safe and rapid controlled burning during summer months.  相似文献   

Barley yellow dwarf virus in ryegrass and its detection by ELISA   总被引：6，自引：6，他引：0  

S. J. I. HOLMES 《Plant pathology》1985,34(2):214-220

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) effectively detected PAV- and MAV-like strains of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) in ryegrass. MAV-like BYDV was found in a large proportion of ryegrass plants with foliar symptoms. There was a poor association between foliar symptoms and PAV-like virus, which occurred with similar frequency in plants with and without symptoms. By August 1982, plots of perennial, Italian and hybrid ryegrass sown at Auchincruive in 1980 were extensively infected with PAV- and MAV-like strains of BYDV. Tests on samples from 1981- and 1982-sown plots in August 1983 also indicated early invasion by BYDV. Infection levels of 7–80% were found in 13 commercial crops of perennial ryegrass surveyed near Auchincruive in May 1983. PAV-like BYDV occurred with greater frequency than did MAV-like strains of the virus.  相似文献   

Rings versus knife for docking and castration of lambs     

DJ MELLOR  RJ HOLMES † 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(12):403-404

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Studies on metalaxyl-resistant Phytophthora infestans in potato crops in south-west Scotland   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3  

S. J. I. HOLMES  A. G. CHANNON 《Plant pathology》1984,33(3):347-354

In 1981 metalaxyl-resistant Phytophthora infestans was found in 44% of the 63 crops examined in south-west Scotland. In 1982, when fungicides containing acylalanines (metalaxyl or ofurace) were not used in the area, it was detected in 15%. Metalaxyl-resistant strains were found in several crops which had been sprayed only with non-acylalanine fungicides or had received no fungicidal treatment. In neither year was resistance associated with a significant breakdown of disease control.
Metalaxyl-resistant isolates of the blight fungus were obtained from tubers from crops in which resistance was detected on the foliage.
In detached leaf experiments, resistant isolates retained their ability to grow on leaves treated with 100 μg/ml of metalaxyl after 52 weekly transfers on untreated leaves, and produced sporangia on leaves treated with up to 2000 μg/ml of metalaxyl or ofurace. In mixtures with sensitive sporangia the proportions remained stable after nine weekly transfers on untreated leaves. However, at concentrations as low as 50 μg/ml, metalaxyl and ofurace reduced the extent of colonization and the numbers of sporangia produced by resistant isolates by an average of 50%.  相似文献   

A comparison of indirect methods of estimating feed intake on pasture     

MARGARET M. WANYOIKE†  W. HOLMES 《Grass and Forage Science》1981,36(3):221-225

The data from 12 individual cattle grazed on a uniform sward were used to compare field sampling of faeces with three time-schedules for rectal sampling of faeces. Estimates of digestibility from a faecal nitrogen equation were compared with estimates based on in vitro digestibility, or modified acid-detergent fibre determinations, on clipped herbage samples.
Field sampling gave a lower coefficient of variation (8%) in chromic oxide content than did grab sampling (14%). Grab sampling introduced an upward bias in estimates of faecal output compared with field samples. The estimate of digestibility based on the faecal index was intermediate to those based on clip samples from the upper and lower horizons of the sward. There was no difference in the mean digestibilities estimated from in vitro or MAD fibre.  相似文献