The extent of genetic diversity among Vanilla species: Comparative results for RAPD and ISSR     

Praveen C. Verma  Debasis Chakrabarty  Satya Narayan Jena  Devesh K. Mishra  Pradhyumna K. Singh  Samir V. Sawant  Rakesh Tuli 《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,29(2-3):581-589

Vanilla is a large genus of about 110 species in the orchid family (Orchidaceae), including the species Vanilla planifolia from which commercial vanilla flavoring is derived. Since most species of vanilla are considered rare and endangered there is an urgent need to conserve them through genetic analysis and propagation/conservation studies on this crop.The present study investigated the genetic diversity among nine leafy- and leaf-less Vanilla species employing 30 decamer RAPD primers and 10 ISSR primers. The species under study were diverse and displayed a range of variability (0–66% and 0–81% for RAPD and ISSR, respectively). A total of 154 RAPD polymorphic markers (83.24%, h = 0.378) and 93 ISSR polymorphic markers (86.11%, h = 0.363) were used to generate a genetic similarity matrix followed by the cluster analysis. Specific groupings were revealed by each cluster analysis with slight variation between two different markers. Among the nine species studied, V. planifolia, Vanilla aphylla and Vanilla tahitensis revealed very low level of variation within their collections, thus indicating a narrow genetic base. The large genetic distance of Vanilla andamanica from other species suggests its different origin. A close genetic affinity was observed between the pairs V. planifolia, V. tahitensis and Vanilla albida, V. aphylla. These are the first comparative results for RAPD and ISSR reporting inter-relationship among nine cultivated, wild and hybrid Vanilla species.  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEW     

BP Carmel 《Australian veterinary journal》2002,80(10):625-625

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Veterinary Nursing of Exotic Pets. Girling S. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford     

BP Carmel 《Australian veterinary journal》2004,82(1-2):57-57

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Medicine and Surgery of Tortoises and Turtles.     

BP Carmel 《Australian veterinary journal》2004,82(8):503-503

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Geostatistical and fuzzy clustering approach for delineation of site-specific management zones and yield-limiting factors in irrigated hot arid environment of India     

Moharana  P. C.  Jena  R. K.  Pradhan  U. K.  Nogiya  M.  Tailor  B. L.  Singh  R. S.  Singh  S. K. 《Precision Agriculture》2020,21(2):426-448

Precision Agriculture - Delineation of management zones (MZs) are needed to manage fields in order to maximize economic return, minimize environmental impact, and improve soil and crop management....  相似文献   

Impact of Aeration on the Growth Performance of Silver Barb,Puntius gonionotus,during Fingerling Rearing     

Pratap Chandra Das  Joykrushna Jena  Bibhudatta Mishra  Bikash Kumar Pati 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2012,43(1):128-134

Impact of aeration on growth of silver barb, Puntius gonionotus during fingerling rearing was studied through a 100‐d rearing experiment conducted in 18 concrete tanks of 50 m² (10 × 5 × 1.2 m) size. Fry (0.74 ± 0.27 g, 35 ± 6 mm) were stocked in the experimental tanks at three stocking densities (25, 50, and 75 fry/m²) and were evaluated with and without provision of 6 h (2400–0600 h) of night time aeration. Aeration resulted in higher pH and dissolved oxygen regime and increased fingerling length and weight. The results suggest a rearing density of 75/m² to be ideal for rearing fry to fingerling of this species when aeration is provided, whereas, under non‐aerated condition, rearing the fry to fingerling stage at 50/m² was found advantageous over those at 25 and 75/m².  相似文献   

Molecular phylogeny in Indian Citrus L. (Rutaceae) inferred through PCR-RFLP and trnL-trnF sequence data of chloroplast DNA     

Satya Narayan Jena  Susheel KumarNarayanan K. Nair 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

The taxonomy and phylogeny of Indian Citrus is revisited using PCR-RFLP of the trnD-trnT and rbcL-ORF 106 regions as well as sequence data analysis of the trnL-trnF intergenic spacer region of cpDNA. The study was based on 50 accessions of Citrus genotypes, collected from wild, semi-wild and domesticated stocks. Of the 13 restriction enzymes (RE) used for restriction digestion of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicons, four (Hinf I, Msp I, Alu I, Hae III) generated 47 restriction fragments, of which 24 (51%) were polymorphic. PCR-RFLP data showed a genetic distance ranging from 0 to 0.79 among 50 accessions of Citrus, and a cluster analysis, based on Neighbor-Joining (NJ) method, placed all the accessions in eight major clusters. Analysis of trnL-trnF sequences from 23 representative accessions of Citrus showed a pair-wise sequence divergence rate in the range of 0–0.064. NJ, minimum evolution (ME) and maximum parsimony (MP) analyses of trnL-trnF sequences produced phylogenetic trees, which placed all the 23 accessions in five clusters. PCR-RFLP analysis resulted in a well resolved phylogenetic tree with branches supported by moderate to high bootstrap values, while the trnL-trnF sequence-based trees showed only moderate to low bootstrap support for the internal tree branches, indicating uncertain origin of some Citrus genotypes. This study shows that the trnL-trnF spacer sequence data can detect genetic variation in Indian Citrus genotypes, but the utility of the data in inferring phylogeny at intra and inter-specific levels is limited probably by factors such as hybridization, bud mutations, apomixis and polyploidy. However, PCR-RFLP and trnL-trnF data supported the recognition of C. maxima, C. medica, and C. reticulata as the basal species of edible Citrus.  相似文献   

Nursery rearing of kalbasu, Labeo calbasu (Hamilton), at different stocking densities in outdoor concrete tanks     

Pradeep Kumar Sahu  Joykrushna Jena  & Pratap Chandra Das 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(2):188-192

The growth and survival of kalbasu, Labeo calbasu, was evaluated at stocking densities of 5, 10 and 15 million spawn ha⁻¹ in nursery rearing in concrete tanks of 50 m², each for a period of 25 days. Survival of fry was density dependent and significantly higher (54.5%) at 5 million ha⁻¹ than those at 10 million ha⁻¹ (50.1%) and 15 million ha⁻¹ (46.9%). Similarly, growth and specific growth rate were inversely related to the stocking density and varied significantly among the three densities.  相似文献   

Effect of sub-lethal nitrite on selected haematological parameters in fingerling Catla catla (Hamilton)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Pratap Chandra Das  Subanna Ayyappan  Joy Krushna Jena  & Basanta Kumar Das 《Aquaculture Research》2004,35(9):874-880

A sub‐lethal nitrite toxicity trial was conducted using static conditions for a period of 96 h with fingerlings of Catla catla (21.4±3.6 g). Fingerlings were exposed to five concentrations of nitrite, that is, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 10.4 mg L^?1 and a nitrite‐free control to study changes in haematological parameters. Nitrite caused an increase in immature erythrocyte population (7–24%) in lower concentrations (0–4 mg L^?1) at 6 h while they were absent in higher concentrations. The total erythrocyte count was reduced at 6 h followed by an increase at 12 h with further reduction up to 96 h in all concentrations of nitrite. The 96‐h exposure resulted in 21.2–31.8% reduction in erythrocyte population in 1–10.4 mg L^?1 nitrite. The haemoglobin content decreased progressively with increasing nitrite concentrations as well as exposure periods. Total leukocyte count decreased initially at 6 h in all treatments followed by an increase after 12 h, signifying development of a protective response of the body to nitrite stress. Blood glucose decreased initially up to 24 h followed by an increase through 96 h. Serum protein level decreased continuously with increasing exposure period. The study revealed that exposure to nitrite caused changes in almost all the haematological parameters in the fingerlings depending on the concentration as well as exposure period. Nitrite being one of the important inorganic nutrients often recorded at higher levels in intensively cultured ponds, the present study highlights its adverse impact on fish and stressed the need for the management of this nutrient in culture ponds.  相似文献   

Comparative changes in water quality and role of pond soil after application of different levels of organic and inorganic inputs   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Pratap Chandra Das  Subanna Ayyappan  & Joykrushna Jena 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(8):785-798

Changes in water parameters were studied in a yard experiment for 7 weeks after application of cow dung at 20, 50 and 100 t ha^?1, poultry manure at 4, 10 and 20 t ha^?1, feed mixture (groundnut oil cake and rice bran at 1:1) at 10, 20 and 30 t ha^?1 and inorganic fertilizers at 100 kg urea+50 kg single super phosphate (SSP) ha^?1, twice this dose (2x ha^?1) and thrice this dose (3x ha^?1). To study the role of soil in the mineralization process, each treatment was divided into two groups – one with and the other without soil substrate. Higher degree of changes in water parameters was observed at higher input levels. Both organic amendment and inorganic fertilization caused significant reduction (P<0.05) in dissolved oxygen and increase in free CO₂, dissolved organic matter, total ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and phosphorus contents of water. Organic inputs significantly decreased (P<0.05) water pH and increased total alkalinity and hardness. In contrast, inorganic fertilization caused a significant increase in pH; alkalinity and hardness increased significantly in the presence of soil, but reduced in its absence. In organic input, presence of soil substrate caused significantly lower value of pH, dissolved oxygen, dissolved organic matter and phosphate‐phosphorus and significantly higher free CO₂, alkalinity, hardness, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate contents, compared with those in the absence of soil, revealing enhanced microbial mineralization in the presence of soil.  相似文献