Can treatment of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brachiaria decumbens</Emphasis> (signal grass) improve its utilisation in the diet in small ruminants?—a review     

Eric Lim Teik Chung  Michael Predith  Frisco Nobilly  Anjas Asmara Samsudin  Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse  Teck Chwen Loh 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(8):1727-1732

Brachiaria decumbens is an extremely productive tropical grass due to its aggressive growth habit and its adaptation to a varied range of soil types and environments. As a result of the vast availability, treated B. decumbens demonstrates as a promising local material that could be utilised as an improved diet for sheep and goats. Despite the fact that the grass significantly increases weight gains in grazing farm animals, there were many reports of general ill-thrift and sporadic outbreaks of photosensitivity in livestock due to the toxic compound of steroidal saponin found in B. decumbens. Ensiling and haymaking were found to be effective in removing toxin and undesirable compounds in the grass. Biological treatments using urea, activated charcoal, polyethylene glycol, and effective microorganisms were found to be useful in anti-nutritional factor deactivation and improving the nutritive values of feedstuffs. Besides, oral administration of phenobarbitone showed some degree of protection in sheep that fed on B. decumbens pasture. In this review, we aim to determine the effect of B. decumbens toxicity and possible treatment methods on the grass to be used as an improved diet for small ruminant.  相似文献   

Organic Carbon and Dissolved Oxygen Budgets for a Commercial‐Size,In‐pond Raceway System          下载免费PDF全文

Claude E. Boyd  Jesse A. Chappell 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2015,46(5):539-548

Intensive production of ictalurid catfish in the USA has increased over the past several years, and a better understanding of the amount of organic carbon (OC) and dissolved oxygen (DO) in these culture environments is needed. Budgets for OC and DO were estimated over a production season (March to November) for an in‐pond raceway system for channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and hybrid catfish (channel catfish × blue catfish, Ictalurus furcatus), with co‐culture of paddlefish, Polyodon spathula, and Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Feed input ranged from 45 to 263 kg/ha/d with an overall average of 80 kg/ha/d. Production of each kilogram of live catfish required 1.5 kg of feed and released into the water 0.70 kg of OC, and led to the synthesis of an additional 3.36 kg of OC by photosynthesis. Consequently, production of 1 kg of live catfish resulted in 4.06 kg OC, and harvest of catfish accounted for only 29.5% of OC applied from the feed. Removal of OC increased to 34.3% with the additional harvest of paddlefish and tilapia. OC was consumed in respiration, and some OC accumulated in sediment. Total respiration within the system exceeded the DO produced by photosynthesis, while diffusion and mechanical aeration aided in maintaining suitable DO levels for fish production.  相似文献   

Analysis of gene expression of prostaglandin EP4 receptor in canine osteosarcoma     

Margaret L. Musser  Austin K. Viall  Rachel L. Phillips  Jesse M. Hostetter  Chad M. Johannes 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2021,85(1):68

In many human cancers, the expression of the prostaglandin receptor EP4 (EP4R) is associated with the development of malignancy and a poor prognosis. The expression of EP4R has not yet been evaluated in canine tumors. The objective of this study was to characterize the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of EP4R in canine osteosarcoma (OSA). Gene expression of EP4R was evaluated using RNA in-situ hybridization (RNAscope). In all canine OSA samples evaluated, strong universal positive expression of EP4R was identified. Gene expression was significantly higher in OSA tissue samples than in normal nasal turbinate bone, possibly implicating EP4R in the pathogenesis of canine OSA.  相似文献   

The use of FAMACHA in estimation of gastrointestinal nematodes and total worm burden in Damara and Barbados Blackbelly cross sheep     

Konto Mohammed  Yusuf Abba  Nur Syairah Binti Ramli  Murugaiyah Marimuthu  Mohammed Ariff Omar  Faez Firdaus Jesse Abdullah  Muhammad Abubakar Sadiq  Abdulnasir Tijjani  Eric Lim Teik Chung  Mohammed Azmi Mohammed Lila 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(5):1013-1020

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Capillary electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography determination of polyglutamyl 5-methyltetrahydrofolate forms in citrus products   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Matella NJ  Braddock RJ  Gregory JF  Goodrich RM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(6):2268-2274

The 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5mTHF) polyglutamates in citrus products were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Folate species were purified from citrus products and concentrated from 2- to 100-fold using combined folate-affinity chromatography and C18 extraction. Seven polyglutamyl 5mTHFs were found in most not-from-concentrate (NFC) orange juices (OJ) in total amounts of approximately 1 nmol/mL, with varying distributions of individual polyglutamates. Folate amounts and distributions were also measured in orange fractions, single-strength OJ from concentrate, NFC grapefruit juice, and citrus peel molasses. Models containing ascorbic acid had folate thermal degradation rates one-seventh that of models without ascorbic acid. Pasteurization studies demonstrated that folate loss was <2% for commercial OJ pasteurization conditions (i.e., 93 degrees C for 5 s, 88 degrees C for 15 s, and 82 degrees C for 30 s). Both methods were precise, reproducible, and potentially faster than traditional analytical procedures requiring enzymatic deconjugation and microbial assays.  相似文献   

Human disturbance in Western Gull Larus occidentalis livens colonies and possible amplification by intraspecific predation     

Judith Latta Hand 《Biological conservation》1980,18(1):59-63

Indirect evidence is presented that human disturbances are having a profound effect on reproductive efforts of Larus occidentalis livens at several colonies in the Gulf of California. Breeding adults that lose their eggs or chicks apparently practise conspecific predation whether or not humans are present, thus increasing effects of human intrusions. These combined effects could lead to a severe decline in numbers or even pose a threat to the survival of this endemic population, if human disturbance is widespread. Attempts to assess breeding success throughout the Gulf seem warranted and, if necessary, some action to regulate human contact may be essential.  相似文献   

美国大豆工业海洋网箱水产养殖技术近海海水鱼类养殖网箱工程技术手册(三十二)     

Michael C. Cremer  H.  R.  Schmittou Hsiang  Pin Lan  Jesse Chappell 《中国水产》2012,(4):81-82

(上接2012年第3期) (3)减阻设计方案3评估 第三种设计方案将减阻物放在相邻的两个侧面上.它的响应和设计方案1相同并且当网箱一开始运行时就沉入水中.当水速达到32厘米/秒时停止测试,因为此时可以观察到网箱沉至离水面7.3米一下(满标度),而且速度再增大时将撞击测试槽底部了(图28).  相似文献   

Milk replacers for the neonatal calf     

M S Hand  E Hunt  R W Phillips 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》1985,1(3):589-608

A rather long list of broad generalizations exist regarding milk replacers for calves. At least two more general statements should be added to that list. Most broad generalizations regarding milk replacers should be applied cautiously; and if young calves (less than 2 to 3 weeks) are to be fed milk substitutes, the products should be of high quality. Our primary goal in feeding baby calves should be health oriented--that is, not to pre-dispose to or cause diarrhea through diet. This means using milk-source ingredients in milk substitutes targeted for young calves. The preponderance of data presented in this article underscores that statement. Milk replacers containing nonmilk sources of major nutrients are better fed to older calves.  相似文献   

THE FUNCTION OF THE STATE UNIVERSITY     

Jesse RH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1901,14(343):138-143

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Comparison of commercial broiler house lighting programs using LED and natural light: Part 1—spatial and temporal analysis of light intensity     

John E. Linhoss  Jeremiah D. Davis  Jesse C. Campbell  Joseph L. Purswell  Kelly G. Griggs  Carson M. Edge 《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2022,31(3):100272

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