TCD燃烧系统对柴油机燃烧和排放性能改善效果的试验研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

康与宁  李向荣  薄大伟  陈彦林  刘栋  常江 《农业工程学报》2021,37(11):50-59

为探究道依茨TCD2015柴油机上配备的导流燃烧系统(简称TCD燃烧系统,T表示涡轮增压器,Turbocharger,C表示进气中冷,Charge air cooling,D为柴油颗粒捕集器,Diesel particle filter)对改善柴油机燃烧性能和降低污染物排放的效果,采用单缸机试验对TCD燃烧系统在不同转速、负荷和过量空气系数下的燃烧和排放性能进行研究。试验结果表明不同工况下TCD燃烧系统燃油消耗率和Soot排放量均低于传统ω燃烧系统,燃油消耗率最大降幅为7.01%,Soot排放量最大降幅为86.67%,且低过量空气系数(1.2～1.6)下TCD燃烧系统仍具有较好的性能。为揭示TCD燃烧系统改善油气混合促进燃烧的机理,采用AVL Fire软件建立了柴油机性能仿真模型。计算结果表明,TCD燃烧系统的环状凸起结构将燃油导向内外两室,从而促进了缸内燃油发展过程,燃油当量比大于4的浓混合气区域燃油质量比例相比ω燃烧系统降幅最大为9.75%,活塞下移时TCD燃烧系统内油束撞击浅盘侧壁形成撞壁射流扩大了燃油扩散面积,从而改善了缸内油气混合质量,燃油当量比小于1的均匀混合气区域燃油质量比例相比ω燃烧系统降幅最大为7.45%,因此TCD燃烧系统能够有效改善柴油机的燃烧和排放性能,可应用于柴油机高负荷和低过量空气系数工况综合性能提升。研究结果可为柴油机燃烧系统开发和改进提供参考。  相似文献   

Effects of music stimulus on behavior response,cortisol level,and horizontal immunity of growing pigs     

Jiafang Li  Xiang Li  Honggui Liu  Jianhong Li  Qian Han  Chao Wang  Xiangyin Zeng  Yutao Li  Wenbo Ji  Runxiang Zhang  Jun Bao 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(5)

An enriched environment is widely used to improve domestic animals’ welfare and promote their natural behaviors. Music can reduce abnormal behavior in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents. However, little is known about the effects of music on pigs. This study aims to explore the effects of repeated music stimulation on the behavior, physiology, and immunity of growing pigs. A total of 72 hybrid piglets (Large White × Duroc × Minpig) were randomly divided into three groups, including music (Mozart K.448, 60 to 70 dB), noise (recorded mechanical noise, 80 to 85 dB), and control (natural background sound, <40 dB), and 6 h sound stimulation was given per day (1000 to 1600 hours) from 40 to 100 d of age. The behavioral activities of the pigs were observed during the music stimulation, and their serum cortisol, salivary cortisol, and serum immune indices were also measured. Compared with the control group, the music group and noise group increased activity but decreased lying of pigs (P < 0.05). A significant increase in tail-wagging, playing, and exploring behaviors of pigs was found in the music group (P < 0.05), and the noise significantly increased the aggressive behavior of the pigs (P < 0.05). Tail-wagging, playing, exploring, manipulating, and aggressive behaviors decreased over time. Short-term (8 d) music stimulus had a lower cortisol level than that of the noise and control groups (P < 0.05), whereas long-term (60 d) music stimulus increased immunoglobulin G (IgG), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels (P < 0.05) and decreased interleukin-4 (IL-4) level (P < 0.05). Long-term noise stimulus significantly reduced the level of IgG (P < 0.05) but did not affect the level of IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ levels (P > 0.05). In conclusion, short-term music stimulus (8 d) reduced the stress response, whereas long-term music stimulus (60 d) enhanced the immune responses. In addition, the noise increased the aggressive behavior, and long-term noise reduced the immunity of the growing pigs.  相似文献   

Growth Responses and Differences in Gene Expression depending on Cultivation Temperature between Alternative type Wheat Varieties     

Heo  Ji Hye  Seong  Hye Ju  Yang  Woon Ho  Jung  Woosuk 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2020,23(1):47-55

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Two domestic wheat varieties were grown in the growth chamber set at 17°C, 20°C, 23°C and 26°C on average after the emergence of...  相似文献   

茶树花青素形成分子机理的研究进展     

庞丹丹  韦康 《中国茶叶》2021,(4):9-15

花青素是由类黄酮合成途径产生的次生代谢产物,含量高时会使茶树新梢呈现红色或紫色。同时,花青素相比儿茶素等具有更明显的抗氧化、预防肿瘤等药理保健作用。文章就茶树花青素合成途径、转录及转录后调控等方面进行综述,以期更好地为高花青素茶树的育种研究提供理论依据。  相似文献   

Evaluating the ecotoxicological effects of Pb contamination on the resistance against Lymantria dispar in forest plant,Larix olgensis     

Dun Jiang  Ming‐tao Tan  Qi Wang  Gui‐rong Wang  Shan‐chun Yan 《Pest management science》2020,76(7):2490-2499

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Cultivation of Agaricus bitorquis mushroom as an strategy for the Integrated Pest Management of the myceliophagous mite Microdispus lambi     

María J Navarro  Francisco R Lpez‐Serrano  Lucía A Escudero‐Colomar  Francisco J Gea 《Pest management science》2020,76(9):2953-2958

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Compatibility of root growth and tuber production of potato cultivars with dynamic and static water‐saving irrigation managements          下载免费PDF全文

S. H. Ahmadi  M. Agharezaee  A. A. Kamgar‐Haghighi  A. R. Sepaskhah 《Soil Use and Management》2017,33(1):106-119

The important root characteristics of root length density (RLD) and root mass density (RMD) generally differ among irrigation managements and potato cultivars. The objective of this study was to investigate the RLD and RMD variations and their functional relationships with gross potato tuber yield for two commercial potato cultivars, Agria and Sante, under different irrigation strategies. Full irrigation and water‐saving irrigation strategies, deficit and partial root drying irrigations, were applied statically (S) and dynamically (D) based on daily crop evapotranspiration. Results showed that SPRD had significantly greater RLD (3.64 cm/cm³) and RMD (132.7 μg/cm³) than other irrigation treatments. Between the potato cultivars, Agria had significantly larger values of RLD (3.50 cm/cm³) and RMD (138.7 μg/cm³) than Sante. The functional relationship between the root growth characteristics and tuber yield showed that under water‐saving irrigations, Agria increased root mass at the expense of gross tuber yield but Sante increased root mass to maintain larger gross tuber yields. However, Agria produced more roots and gross tuber yield than Sante, and it is concluded that Agria is a more drought‐tolerant potato cultivar, which is recommended for tuber production in regions where water might be scarce. It was shown that larger root production in potatoes was associated with improved tolerance to water stress.  相似文献   

Altering of host larval (Spodoptera exigua) calcineurin activity in response to ascovirus infection     

Huan Yu  Lei He  Zi‐Qi Li  Ni Li  Yi‐Yi Ou‐Yang  Guo‐Hua Huang 《Pest management science》2020,76(3):1048-1059

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菊花新品种‘东篱雅致’     

高康  宋雪彬  戴思兰  季玉山  王朔  刘昊 《园艺学报》2020,47(Z2):3031-3032

菊花新品种‘东篱雅致’是以中国传统大菊品种‘绿朝云’为母本，以花形奇特、不同色系的‘钟声’，‘清水莲’和‘笑靥’等传统大菊品种作父本进行人工混合授粉，经连续选择育成。舌状花松针形，粉、绿复色。植株低矮, 直立性强, 适于盆栽观赏, 主要观赏期11月中旬—下旬，可以用于北京地区节日布展或庭院观赏。  相似文献   

Bamboo NiR gene is associated with regeneration capacity     

Xiaomei Guo  Lifen Ji  Longfei Zhu  Liling Song  Shinan Liu  Qiaolu Zang 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2018,93(2):142-149

It was reported that the activity of NiR (nitrite reductase) enzyme encoded by the NiR gene was correlated with the regeneration ability in rice. To testify the function of NiR gene in bamboo, seven bamboo species whose calli had different differentiation rate were chosen to analyse their NiR enzyme activity. The results showed that bamboo NiR enzymatic activity had a certain correlation with the regeneration capacity. A NiR gene named DhNiR from Dendrocalamus hamiltonii with high regeneration capacity was cloned. Sequence analysis revealed that the ORF of DhNiR was 1779bp encoding 592 amino acids. Overexpression of DhNiR in rice reduced the time of shoot differentiation and increased the transformation rate, suggesting that DhNiR might play an important role in the regeneration ability of bamboo, and can be applied in regeneration and gene transformation of bamboo and other plant species.  相似文献