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Jiwan P Palta 《Potato Research》2010,53(4):267-275
Calcium plays a major role in plant growth and development and in the maintenance and modulation of various cell functions,
especially related to membrane structure and function and to cell wall structure. Calcium stabilizes cell membranes by bridging
polar head groups of phospholipids at the membrane surface. Calcium is also an integral part of the cell wall where it provides
stable intra-molecular linkages between pectin molecules, resulting in cell wall rigidity. A change in the cytosolic calcium
concentration is also known to provide a cellular signal that regulates metabolism and mediates plant responses to stresses. 相似文献
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A method is described for determining residues of 1,2-dibromoethane (EDB) in milled wheat products. The residues are first extracted with benzene, then recovered azeotropically for reaction with alkali and subsequent determination of liberated bromide ion by a Volhard titration. Freshly milled flours from wheat fumigated with 65.0 and 325 mg EDB/litre at 37°C were found to contain 10.6 to 39.4 mg EDB/kg and the bran contained from 51.4 to 153 mg EDB/kg. 相似文献
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Rodney Lindizga Gondwe Rintaro Kinoshita Tsutomu Suminoe Daigo Aiuchi Jiwan Palta 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2019,65(2):159-165
Calcium (Ca) nutrition for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is important to increase tuber Ca concentration and improve potato tuber yield and quality. High tuber Ca content among other benefits mitigates incidence of blackspot bruise through maintenance of membrane health and regulation of biochemical reactions that leads to potato tuber discoloration. However, growers avoid application of Ca fertilizer in potato production in the belief that it causes potato common scab in Hokkaido, Japan. This study was conducted in Hokkaido to determine the current status of soil Ca and tuber Ca content levels, and its effect in mitigating incidence of potato bruise. Soil and tuber samples were collected from 90 and 80 fields in Tokachi and Kamikawa districts, respectively, in 2013 and 2014. Soil samples were analyzed for base saturation, Ca saturation, and exchangeable Al. Tuber Ca content and susceptibility of tubers to bruising were also evaluated. This study found that (1) 81% and 76% of soils collected from Tokachi and Kamikawa district, respectively, were deficient in Ca level, (2) tuber Ca content was lower than the reported value (250 mg kg?1) considered to mitigate incidence of bruise, and (3) incidence of bruise were influenced by both tuber specific gravity and Ca content. There is urgent need to apply Ca fertilizer to attain increased soil Ca levels and improve quality of tubers. 相似文献
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Shin Hyungjin Park Minji Lee Jiwan Lim Hyeokjin Kim Seong Joon 《Paddy and Water Environment》2019,17(4):581-595
Paddy and Water Environment - This study examines the effects of future climate changes on watershed hydroecology, including runoff, evapotranspiration, soil moisture content, gross primary... 相似文献
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Early developmental stages of fish mostly depend on innate immune factors for their protection. Augmenting these factors by application of different immunostimulatory substances may be beneficial for rearing and survival of the early life stages of fish. Bath administration of stimulants leads to a uniform exposure of fish independent of feed intake and reduces the individual handling. The present study demonstrates the immunostimulatory effect of β‐glucan (bath exposure) in rainbow trout fry at different dosages and exposure time. Rainbow trout fry (avg. wt. 770 mg; 87 days post hatch) were exposed to three different concentrations of β‐glucan (10, 100 and 1000 μg mL?1) by bath exposure for 1 and 24 h. Expression of immune related genes from pooled internal organ samples of individual fish were analysed using a real time qPCR assay. Expression of complement factors (C3 and factor B) and acute phase proteins (hepcidin, precerebellin and transferrin) was significantly up‐regulated after 24 h bath stimulation with β‐glucan (100 μg mL?1). These innate immune factors may play a vital role in clearance of pathogens. The expression of most of genes showed both a dose‐ and time‐dependent response. A medium dose (100 μg mL?1) induced a significant increase in expression of complement factors and acute phase proteins mainly at 24 h exposure, whereas the highest dose of β‐glucan (1000 μg mL?1) down‐regulated the expression of most of the studied genes. The result from the present study indicates that β‐glucan bath exposure could be applied for enhancing the innate immune factors even in fry. 相似文献
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Trevor Daly Marvin A. Jiwan Nora M. O’Brien S. Aisling Aherne 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2010,65(2):164-169
Herbs are a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals such as carotenoids, which are known to exert various positive biological
effects. However, there is very limited information in the literature regarding the content and bioavailability of carotenoids
from commonly consumed herbs. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were first, to determine the carotenoid content
of eight herbs namely basil (Ocimum basilicum), coriander (Coriandrum sativum), dill (Anethum graveolens), mint (Metha L.),
parsley (Petroselinum crispum), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), sage (Salvia officinalis), and tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus
L.); and second, to assess carotenoid bioaccessibility from these herbs using a simulated human in vitro digestion model.
Carotenoid bioaccessibility is defined as the amount of carotenoids transferred to micelles after digestion when compared
with the original amount present in the food. The content of individual carotenoids varied significantly among the herbs tested.
Carotenoid bioaccessibility varied from 0 to 42.8%. Basil and coriander, and their respective micelles, contained the highest
levels of β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, and lutein + zeaxanthin. Our findings show that herbs are rich sources of carotenoids
and that these foods can significantly contribute to the intake of bioaccessible carotenoids. 相似文献
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Roots on potato tubers and stolons displayed the normal root anatomy which consisted of a central vascular cylinder surrounded by endodermis with Casparian strips, the cortex and epidermis. Tuber roots appear to initiate from the parenchyma cells adjacent to the vascular tissue. Shoot tips were similar to normal apical meristems. These observations support our research demonstrating the growth of functional roots from potato tubers and stolons. 相似文献