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Lewis NG Yamamoto E Wooten JB Just G Ohashi H Towers GH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,237(4820):1344-1346
Lignins and suberins are complex plant cell-wall macromolecules that are composed mainly of phenylpropanoid residues derived from L-phenylalanine. Lignins and suberins are considered to be covalently linked to carbohydrates and to lipids, respectively. The bonding of these important structural materials within cell walls has never been established. By feeding specifically labeled [(13)C] ferulic acid over extended durations to seedlings of Triticum aestivum L. and by using solid-state carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, the major resonances due to specific carbons in the propanoid side chains of these cell-wall polymers have been identified in situ. The signals were found to differ significantly from those of synthetic lignins, which have usually been considered to be good approximations of natural lignin structure. 相似文献
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A. Just 《Livestock Production Science》1982,9(3):349-360
An experiment was performed with 36 growing pigs of Danish Landrace, to study the influence of digestible crude protein on the energy excretion with the urine and on the efficiency of utilization of metabolizable energy.The pigs (3 litters of females and 3 litters of male castrates) were distributed on six dietary treatments on a within-litter basis, taking into account the live weight of the pigs. The daily intake of the different diets was adjusted in such a way that the daily gain in the different treatment groups was almost identical through the entire experimental period from 20–90 kg.Three digestibility and nitrogen balance experiments were performed with each pig. At approximately 90 kg live weight the pigs were killed, dissected, ground, mixed and chemically analysed. The energy loss in urine increased by 4.9 kJ and the efficiency of utilization of metabolizable energy was decreased by approximately 6.6 kJ/g of catabolized protein.Digestibility experiments with ileo-caecal cannulated pigs indicated that the proportion of the digested energy disappearing in the caecum-colon increased with increasing dietary concentration of crude protein. 相似文献
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Highly conserved protective epitopes on influenza B viruses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C Dreyfus NS Laursen T Kwaks D Zuijdgeest R Khayat DC Ekiert JH Lee Z Metlagel MV Bujny M Jongeneelen R van der Vlugt M Lamrani HJ Korse E Geelen Ö Sahin M Sieuwerts JP Brakenhoff R Vogels OT Li LL Poon M Peiris W Koudstaal AB Ward IA Wilson J Goudsmit RH Friesen 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6100):1343-1348
Identification of broadly neutralizing antibodies against influenza A viruses has raised hopes for the development of monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy and "universal" vaccines for influenza. However, a substantial part of the annual flu burden is caused by two cocirculating, antigenically distinct lineages of influenza B viruses. Here, we report human monoclonal antibodies, CR8033, CR8071, and CR9114, that protect mice against lethal challenge from both lineages. Antibodies CR8033 and CR8071 recognize distinct conserved epitopes in the head region of the influenza B hemagglutinin (HA), whereas CR9114 binds a conserved epitope in the HA stem and protects against lethal challenge with influenza A and B viruses. These antibodies may inform on development of monoclonal antibody-based treatments and a universal flu vaccine for all influenza A and B viruses. 相似文献
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Peter Løvendahl Torkild Liboriussen Just Jensen Mogens Vestergaard Kristen Sejrsen 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(3):169-176
Abstract Genetic variation in plasma growth hormone (GH) concentration before and after GRF (growth hormone releasing factor) stimulation was studied in young bulls (N=284) and heifers (N=212), the progeny of 53 sires of four dairy and dual-purpose breeds (Danish Jersey, Red Dane, Danish Friesian and Danish Red and White). Male and female calves were reared, fed and tested on separate experimental stations; thus sex, station and feeding were completely confounded effects. The animals were tested at about 9 months of age, after a 24 h fast. GH concentration was measured in serial plasma samples collected for 1 h before and 1 h following intravenous administration of 2.0 ug synthetic GRF(1–29)NH2/kg live weight>0.75. Prior to statistical analysis, concentrations were loge-transformed. Response variables were BASELINE (mean GH in -15, -5 and 0 min samples) and PEAK (mean GH in 10, 15 and 20 min samples). A statistical model taking at least three generations of ancestral relationships into account was used to estimate variance and covariance components for traits in male and female calves by use of restricted maximum likelihood methods. Heritability of BASELINE was low (0.04 ± 0.12) in males but high in females (0.60 ± 0.16). The heritability of PEAK was high in both sexes (males, 0.42 ± 0.16; females, 0.60 ± 0.16). Genetic correlations between the same trait measured in males and females were low for BASELINE (r g = 0.32±0.55) but high for PEAK (r g = 0.82±0.15). Within sex, BASELINE and PEAK were both highly genetically correlated (males, r g=0.62 ± 0.40; females, r g= 1.00 ± 0.07). We conclude that growth hormone concentration is a highly heritable trait in juvenile cattle of both sexes, and that GRF stimulation is benificial to the uncovering of genetic differences among animals. 相似文献
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Exogenous paraoxonase‐1 during oocyte maturation improves bovine embryo development in vitro
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JAA Rincón EM Madeira FT Campos B Mion JF Silva VA Absalón‐Medina WR Butler MN Corrêa LMC Pegoraro A Schneider 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(5):827-830
Paraoxonase‐1 (PON1) is an enzyme found in serum and follicular fluid that protects cell membrane and circulating lipids against oxidative damage. The aims of this study were to measure the direct effects of recombinant PON1 (rPON1) on bovine oocyte maturation at the molecular level (gene expression) and to measure the carry‐over effects of PON1 on pre‐implantation embryo development in vitro. COCs were submitted to IVM with the addition of 0.0, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08 mg ml?1 of rPON1, corresponding to an average PON1 arylesterase enzyme activity of 2.2 ± 0.4, 15.5 ± 1.5, 30.2 ± 3.0 and 57.9 ± 5.0 U ml?1, respectively. The results indicated that addition of rPON1 during IVM improved embryo development in a dose‐dependent manner as D7 embryo development was 22.2%, 29.4%, 32.2% and 37.0% for the treatment groups, respectively (p = 0.02). In conclusion, addition of PON1 enzyme during IVM exerted dose‐related positive effects on embryo development rates to blastocysts. 相似文献